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Name Date AP Biology TV: Assignment 4 Animal Evolution Directions: only attempt the following questions AFTER viewing the video lectures posted on AP Biology TV. Unlike most other HW assignments, each of your responses will be graded. 1) Examine the following tree illustrating the phylogenic relationships between animal groups. a) Identify the fundamental difference between parazoan & eumetazoan animals. [2] b) Identify the only extant representative of the parazoa [1] c) Within which eumetazoan group would you expect to observe cephalization. Explain your response. [3] 2) Describe the mechanism of gastrulation during animal embryonic development. What embryonic features does this process give rise to? [2] 3) Within which eumetazoan group would you expect gastrulation to give rise to TWO germ layers? What term is used to describe such a condition? [2] 4) Within which eumetazoan group would you expect gastrulation to give rise to THREE germ layers? What terms is used to describe such a condition? [2] 5) Describe the developmental origin AND fate of the archenteron. [2] 6) Identify the embryonic germ layer from which the following adult tissues are derived: a) Tooth Enamel: [1] b) Skeletal Muscle: [1] c) Central Nervous System: [1] d) Digestive Lining: [1] e) Lining of Coleom/Pseudocoelom: [1] 7) The diagrams below represent cross-sections of animal bodies. The outer circle represents the body wall & the inner circle the digestive tube. For each diagram, shade in the region(s) of the body that would be occupied by tissue derived from the embryonic mesoderm: Acoelomate [1] Pseudocoelomate [1] Coelomate [1] 8) Provide examples of ALL bilaterans discussed in the video that are classified as: a) Acoelomates: [1] b) Pseudocoelomates: [2] c) Coelomates: [5] 9) In the following table, check each box that applies to the embryonic development in either protostome vs deuterostomes (1 point each): Protostome Coelomates Early stem cell differentiation Coelom develops from mesoderm that arises from archenteron Stem cell cleavage occurs parallel to vertical axis of the embryo Blastopore develops into the mouth Stem cell cleavage occurs perpendicular to vertical axis of the embryo Archenteron develops into a complete digestive tract Identical twin formation not observed Includes sea cucumbers, birds, & fish Deuterostome Coelomates