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Ecological SuccessionNatural, gradual changes in the types of species that live in an ecosystem. EquilibriumThe sense of balance present in living and nonliving systems. • Primary Succession – Establishment of a community of living organisms in an area where there was no life. – Example: volcanic eruption – Pioneer species: lichens • Secondary Succession – Establishment of new species after a disturbance. – Example: fire, hurricane, logging, agriculture – Pioneer species: grasses Primary vs. Secondary Succession Year 0 1 4 8 12 17 20 Volcano Forest Fire Volcano Year Zero All Mt. St. Helens images courtesy of University of Washington Forest Fire All forest fire images Courtesy of US Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Volcano Year One Forest Fire Volcano Year Four Forest Fire Volcano Year Eight Forest Fire Volcano Year Twelve Forest Fire Year Seventeen Volcano Forest Fire Volcano Year Twenty Forest Fire Secondary Succession Primary Succession • What is the difference between Primary and Secondary Succession?
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