Download Joint Classification

Joint Classification!
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1. Fibrous Joints (Synarthorses) : Bones connected by fibrous connective tissue. Movement is
very limited
 Types
 Syndesmosis: Considerable space between bones—Sheet of fibrous connective
tissue bridging space.
 i.e. Radioulnar Joint
 Suture: Bones closely adjacent—interlocking
 i.e. flat bones of skull
 Gomphosis: Peg in hole
 i.e. roots of teeth in jaw
2. Cartilaginous Joints (Amphiarthroses): Bones united by cartilage. Movement is limited but
significant
 Types
 Symphysis: Fibrocartilage disc-- Function: weight-bearing, shock absorption
 i.e. symphsis pubis
 Synchondrosis: Hyaline Cartilage—Function: non-weight bearing, allows stability
and mobility
 i.e. sternocostal joint
3. Synovial Joints (Diarthroses): Bones united by a fibrous joint capsule.
 Types
 Uniaxial: motion in one plane
 Ginglymus: Hinge Joint
o i.e. elbow
 Trochoid: Pivot Joint
o i.e. atlantoaxial joint, proximal radial ulnar joint
 Biaxial: motion in two planes
 Condyloid: Spherical ball and ellipsoidal socket--Concave on convex
o i.e. metacarpophalangeal joint
 Ellipsoid: Ellipsoidal ball and ellipsoidal socket
o i.e. radiocarpal joint
 Sellar: Saddle joint. Convex/concave surface of one bone with the
convex/concave surface of another bone. (Two Pringles together)
o i.e. Carpometacarpal joint of the thumb
 Triaxial (Multiaxial): motion in 3+ planes
 Plane: Two almost flat surfaces.
o i.e facet jt, adjacent carpal bones
 Spheroid: Ball and Socket
o i.e. Shoulder, hip
o
Stabilizing Structures of a Joint
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****If damaged= hypermobility
Joint Capsule
Antagonistic muscles/tendons
Ligaments
Certain Accessory Fibrocartilaginous Structures
Sensory nerve System (pain receptors0
Mobilizing Structures of a Joint
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****If damaged=hypomobility
Articular Cartilage
Synovial Fluid
Bursa
Agonistic Muscles
Certain Accessory Fibrocartilaginous Structures
Motor Nerve Supply