Download Research Review 2015

PMHS
AP Psychology
NAME_________________________
1. Amber, a fifth grade teacher, believes that a short recess before her afternoon
classes will improve the memory of her students. She designs a(n)
_______________.
_____Descriptive (describe what ppl. do) – survey, case study, naturalistic observation
_____Correlational (predict what ppl. do)
_____Experimental (explain why ppl. behave that way) – Name IV, DV
COFOUNDING, EXTRANEOUS VARIABLES:
HOW DOES ONE PREVENT/ADDRESS CONFOUNDING VARIABLES?
2. A hospital wants to find out if patients prefer to wait and receive the best
possible treatment or be seen as soon as possible. They work with the first
25 patients that arrive at the clinic and conduct:
_____Descriptive (describe what ppl. do) – survey, case study, naturalistic observation
_____Correlational (predict what ppl. do)
_____Experimental (explain why ppl. behave that way) – Name IV, DV
FLAW:
____Biased or non-representative sample
randomly assign
____Interpreting correlation as cause: effect
____Experimenter Bias
_____Failed to
____Failed to have a control group
3. A private school is trying to determine whether or not wearing uniforms will
improve the behavior of its students. During the months of October and
November, a(n) _____________ is conducted to compare the behavior of
students who wear uniforms and those who do not.
_____Descriptive (describe what ppl. do) – survey, case study, naturalistic observation
_____Correlational (predict what ppl. do)
_____Experimental (explain why ppl. behave that way) – Name IV, DV
4. Write a phrase/sentence and draw a scatterplot that would best describe
the following correlational coeffiecients (r).
+0.67_________________________________________________
-0.6___________________________________________________
-0.04_________________________________________________
0.0___________________________________________________
5. Basketball team data is as follows – calculate the measures of central
tendency and draw a frequency histogram. Does it have a positive or
negative SKEW? What does this mean?
Jake
Scott
Josh
Bobby
Christian
Grant
Billy
Thomas
14 points
4 points
22 points
6 points
19 points
8 points
3 points
6 points
6. Two classes took the same psychology test. The scores for the first period
class were: 81, 85, 94, 88, 80, 77, and 90. The scores for the second period
class were: 55, 105, 92, 73, 95, 95, and 80. Which group has the greater
standard deviation? (I do not expect you to do any calculations)
*Remember: The bigger the SD, the more average difference between the scores
7. IQ (intelligence quotient) scores are normally distributed with a mean of 100
and a standard deviation of 15. What percentage of people have scores
above 115?
8. Name that perspective…based on the hypothesis or statement below
Choices: Cognitive, Neuroscience, Behavioral, Evolutionary, Sociocultural, Humanist
a. Women are attracted to muscular men because the survival of our
ancestors depended on having a man who was successful at hunting
b. We are more likely to remember words at the beginning of a list because
we listen more carefully at first.
c. Green tea increases levels of the neurotransmitter, dopamine, in our
brains.
d. An effective way to treat patients with schizophrenia is to reinforce the
adaptive behaviors with rewards.
9. Name the type of research: Descriptive (case study, naturalistic observation,
correlation, experimental)
e. Jean Piaget learned a lot about child development by carefully watching
and interviewing a few children
f. Robert Levine and Ara Norenzayan concluded that the pace of life is
fastest in Japan by recording the speeds at which people walked and
completed tasks in various different countries.
g. Some people claim that drinking water from the river in their own town
can heal physical ailments. A psychologist studies this by randomly
selecting 100 ailing patients and giving half of them water from the river
and the other half water from another river.
h. Media literacy experts say that TV viewing is linked to lower grades and
obesity.
10. What statistical technique would be appropriate for a researcher to
use in trying to determine how consistent intelligent scores are over
time?
a. coefficient; b.
mean;
c.
median; d.
range;
e. standard
deviation
11. When a distribution of scores is skewed, the best representation of
the central tendency is the:
a. Standard deviation; b.
mean; c. median; d. coefficient
12. Which is NOT ethical?
a. Researchers must protect participants from needless harm and
discomfort
b. Participants must take part in the study on a voluntary basis
c. Personal information about participants must be kept private
d. The research must be fully explained to participants when the
study is completed
e. It is NEVER acceptable for a researcher to deceive a
participant during research
13. Which is a random sample for a student writing an article for the
school paper. And why? He/she is doing a survey on the new cell
phone policy of the school:
a. The writer comes to school early and interviews the first five
students who walk in the school doors
b. The writer pulls five names out of a hat that includes all
students’ names. She then interviews the five students
selected
*Above questions came from Ms. Amy Koch’s AP Psych review
Another teacher, Mrs. Virginia Welle came up with an idea to review: “What does not belong?”
Circle the word that does not belong and identify what makes it different from the other terms (or
identify what the other terms have in common) – use laptop to review when done
Group 1
correlation
r = -.7
causation
scatterplot
Group 2
r = -.2
r = .02
r = .3
r = -.8
Group 3
Structuralism
William James
Edward Titchner
Wilhelm Wundt
Group 4
Empiricism
Blank slate
John Locke
Plato
Group 5
Introspection
Behavioral
Psychoanalytic
Structuralism
Group 9
Frequency histogram
Positive skew
Negative skew
Scatterplot
Group 6
p < .01
p < .02
p < .03
p < .06
Group 10
Increases
Causes
Tends
Impacts
Group 7
Statistically significant
By chance or coincidence
Not by chance
Reject the null
Group 8
Survey
Overt observation
Hawthorne effect
Naturalistic observation
Group 11
John Watson
B.F. Skinner
Sigmund Freud
Behaviorism
Group 12
Random assignment
Control group
Experimental group
Correlation
Group 13
Not statistically significant
By chance or coincidence
p < .053
p < .003
Group 14
Wording
Survey
Social desirability bias
Case study
Group 15
Mean
Inferential statistics
Median
Mode
Group 16
68
95
99.7
skew
Group 17
Group 18
Independent variable
Experimental group
Control group
Group 19
Double-blind
Single-blind
Bias
Confounding variables
Group 20
Confounding variables
Extraneous variables
Random assignment
Random selection