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Handout 5; ANSWER KEY
For learning before test 2
12
3
4
14 23
The (obverse * converse * contraposition) of the (A * E) proposition is logically equivalent to
the original proposition.
1
2
x
Use the traditional square: given that the A proposition is (true * false), the E proposition is (true
1.
2.

1
3.
2
false * unable to be determined).
1
2
2
Use the traditional square: given that the I proposition is (true * false), the O proposition is (true
x
1
* false * unable to be determined).
4.
1
2
Use the traditional square: given that the O proposition is (true * false), then the A proposition is
2
1
x
(true * false * unable to be determined).
5.
1
2
(Some * Some but not every) categorical proposition is materially implied by its contradictory
opposite.
6.
X
x
(Some * Some but not every) categorical proposition is logically implied by its contradictory
opposite.
7.
X
x
x
1
(Every * Some * Some but not every * no) particular proposition implies a universal
proposition.
8.
13 4 25
6
3
1,4 5
26
For Aristotle, the (A * I * E * O) proposition implies the (A * I * E * O) proposition.
9.
1 2
3
4
1
2
3 4
For Boole, the (A * I * E * O) proposition implies the (A * I * E * O) proposition.
10.
11.
12.
13.
1
2
1
2
For (Aristotle * Boole), universal categorical propositions (do * do not) imply particular
categorical propositions.
1
2
x
12
For (Aristotle * Boole), particular categorical propositions (do * do not) imply universal
categorical propositions.
X
1
For Aristotle, if the O proposition is false, then the E proposition must be (true * false).
1
2
x
For Boole, if the O proposition is false, then the E proposition (can be true * can be false * must
x
be true * must be false).