Download NPRB Ranking Criteria

Scientific name:
Common name:
Ranking Summary
Usable Habitat
Distribution
Anthropogenic Influence
Biological Characteristics
Reproduction
Ecological Impacts
Socioeconomic Impacts
Feasibility of Control*
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Basic Biological Information
Physical description
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General Information
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Invasiveness Ranking
1. Usable Habitat - Similarity between site of origin and release
1.1 Water temperature
A. Considerable overlap
B. Moderate overlap
C. Little overlap
D. No overlap
E. Unknown/Data deficient
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1.2 Water salinity
A. Considerable overlap
B. Moderate overlap
C. Little overlap
D. No overlap
E. Unknown/Data deficient
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1.3 Habitat/Ecoregion
A. Considerable overlap
B. Moderate overlap
C. Little overlap
D. No overlap
E. Unknown/Data deficient
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2. Distribution
2.1 Local ecoregional distribution
A. Present in one or more Bering Sea ecoregions
B. Present in an ecoregion adjacent to the Bering Sea
C. Present in an ecoregion once-removed from the Bering Sea (i.e. adjacent to an adjacent ecoregion)
D. Present in an ecoregion greater than once removed from the Bering Sea
E. Unknown/Data deficient
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2.2 Global ecoregional distribution
A. In many ecoregions globally
B. In a moderate number of ecoregions globally
C. In few ecoregions globally
D. Unknown/Data deficient
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2.3 Distribution trends
i. Rapid colonization
ii Potential for long-distance dispersal
iii. Currently expanding range or abundance in study area
iv. Currently expanding range toward study area
A. More than two of these trends have been documented and/or have a strong affect in the Bering Sea
B. 1 - 2 of these trends has been documented and/or has a moderate effect in the study area
C. None of these trends have been documented and/or have no known effect on the study area
D. Unknown/Data deficient
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3. Anthropogenic Influence
3.1 Transport requirements: relies on use of shipping lanes (hull fouling, ballast water), fisheries, recreation,
mariculture, etc. for transport
A. Has been observed using anthropogenic vectors for transport and can transport independent of any
vector once introduced
B. Has been observed using anthropogenic vectors for transport but cannot transport independent of
anthropogenic vectors once introduced.
C. Is in an area with anthropogenic vectors but has not been observed using anthropogenic vectors
D. Unknown
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3.2 Establishment requirements: relies on marine infrastructure, (e.g. harbors, ports) to establish
A. Can establish independent of anthropogenic disturbance/infrastructure (once introduced, can establish
in natural, undisturbed areas)
B. May occasionally establish in undisturbed areas; readily establishes in areas with anthropogenic
disturbance/infrastructure
C. Requires anthropogenic disturbance/infrastructure to establish
D. Unknown
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3.3 Is this species currently or potentially farmed or otherwise intentionally cultivated?
A. Yes
B. No
C. Unknown
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4. Biological Characteristics
4.1 Dietary specialization
A. Generalist at all life stages and/or foods are readily available in the study area
B. Generalist or specialist at different life stages and/or foods are moderately available in the study area
C. Specialist, dependent on a narrow range of foods for all life stages and/or foods that are not commonly
available in the study area
D. Unknown
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4.2 Habitat specialization and water tolerances
Does the species use a variety of habitats or tolerate a wide range of temperatures, salinity regimes,
dissolved oxygen levels, calcium concentrations, hydrodynamics, pollution, etc?
A. Generalist at all life stages and/or habitats are readily available in the Bering Sea
B. Generalist or specialist at different life stages and/or habitats are moderately available in the Bering
Sea
C. Specialist, dependent on a narrow range of habitats for all life stages and/or foods that are not
commonly available in the Bering Sea
D. Unknown
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4.3 Conduciveness of habitat preferences to spread/establishment
e.g. anadromous/catadromous species will be less invasive. Species that live near shore may be more
easily transported. Consider one or more preferred habitats, e.g. pelagic, epipelagic, neritic, benthic,
demersal, etc.
A. High
B. Moderate
C. Low
D. Unknown
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4.4 Desiccation tolerance
A. Highly tolerant of desiccation at one or more stages during its life cycle
B. Highly tolerant of desiccation at one stage during its life cycle, or moderately tolerant during one or
more stages during its life cycle
C. Little to no tolerance of desiccation during its life cycle
D. Unknown
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5. Reproduction
5.1 Likelihood of success for spatial dispersal at different life stages
Consider dispersal by more than one method and/or numerous opportunities for long or short distance
dispersal e.g. broadcast, float, swim, carried in currents; vs. sessile or sink.
A. High - Disperses long distances and/or during all life stages
B. Moderate - Disperses long distances and/or during one life stages; or disperses short distances during
all life stages
C. Low - Disperses short distances during one or less life stages
D. Unknown
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5.2 Likelihood of success for reproductive strategy
Consider asexual, hermaphroditic; highly fecund (producing >10,000 eggs/kg); minimum generation
time; parental investment (exhibits parental care of eggs or young or known to reduce age-at-maturity in
response to environment)
A. High
B. Moderate
C. Low
D. Unknown
** Needs quantitative categories for reviewer to select score from
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5.3 Likelihood of success for temporal dispersal at different life stages
E.g. can disperse at more than one life stage, and/or highly mobile, and/or larval viability window is long
(days v. hours), and/or different modes of dispersal are achieved at different life stages (e.g. unintentional
spread of eggs, migration of adults)
A. High
B. Moderate
C. Low
D. Unknown
** Needs quantitative categories for reviewer to select score from
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5.4 Dependence on the presence of another species to complete its life cycle
E.g. parasitic relationships, reliance on energy supply from prey species
A. Low – Does not depend on another species to complete its life cycle
B. Moderate – Depends on another species as prey during reproduction
C. High – Directly depends on another species to complete its life cycle
D. Unknown
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6. Ecological Impacts
6.1 Impact on ecosystem function and processes in the Bering Sea
A. High- Is known to cause changes to multiple ecosystem functions and/or is expected to have severe
impacts
B. Moderate- Causes or has potential to cause changes to one or more ecosystem functions, with moderate
impact and/or within only a portion of the region
C. Low- Has limited potential to cause changes in one or more ecosystem functions, with limited impact
and/or within a very limited region
D. No impact
E. Unknown
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6.2 Impact on community composition in the Bering Sea
A. High - Entire community and/or may cause extirpation or extinction at the species or trophic level
B. Moderate - More than one trophic level; may cause declines but not extirpation
C. Low - Single trophic level; may cause decline but not extirpation
D. No impact
E. Unknown
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6.3 Impact on habitat for other species in the Bering Sea
A. High - Is known to cause changes to multiple aspects of habitat structure, and/or is expected to have
severe impacts and/or will impact the entire region
B. Moderate - Causes or has potential to cause changes to one or more aspects of habitat structure, with
moderate impact and/or within only a portion of the region
C. Low - Has limited potential to cause changes in one or more aspects of habitat structure, with limited
impact and/or within a very limited region
D. No impact
E. Unknown
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6.4 Impact on high value, rare, or sensitive species and/or communities
A. High - Is known to cause degradation of multiple species or communities and/or is expected to have
severe impacts and/or will impact the entire region
B. Moderate - Causes or has potential to cause degradation of one or more species of communities, with
moderate impact and/or within only a portion of the region
C. Low - Has limited potential to cause degradation of one more species or communities, with limited
impact and/or within a very limited region
D. No impact
E. Unknown
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6.5 Introduction of diseases, parasites or travelers
(What level of impact could the species' associated diseases, parasites, or travelers have on other species
in the assessment area? Is it a host and/or vector for recognized pests or pathogens, particularly other
nonnative organisms?)
A. High - Is known to spread multiple organisms and/or is expected to have severe impacts and/or will
impact the entire region
B. Moderate - Spreads or has potential to spread one or more organisms, with moderate impact and/or
within only a portion of region
C. Low - Has limited potential to spread one or more organisms, with limited impact and/or within a very
limited region
D. No impact
E. Unknown
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6.6 Level of genetic impact on native species
(Does this invasive species have the ability to hybridize with native species?)
A. High - Is known to cause genetic changes to multiple species (e.g. hybridization), and/or is expected to
have severe impacts and/or will impact the entire region
B. Moderate - Causes or has potential to cause genetic changes in one or more species, with moderate
impact and/or within only a portion of the region
C. Low - Has limited potential to cause genetic changes in one or more species, with limited impact
and/or within a very limited region
D. No impact
E. Unknown
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6.7 Vulnerability to predators
A. Lacks natural predators
B. Few predators only in its home range, and not in the Bering Sea or neighboring regions
C. Few predators present in the Bering Sea and neighboring regions, and/or multiple predators in its
native range
D. Multiple predators present in the Bering Sea or neighboring regions
E. Unknown
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7. Socioeconomic Impacts
7.1 Infrastructure
A. High - Is known to cause degradation to infrastructure and/or is expected to have severe impacts and/or
will impact the entire region
B. Moderate - Causes or has the potential to cause degradation to infrastructure, with moderate impact
and/or within only a portion of the region
C. Low - Has limited potential to cause degradation to infrastructure, with limited impact and/or within a
very limited region
D. No impact
E. Unknown
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7.2 Commercial fisheries and aquaculture
A. High - Is known to cause degradation to fisheries and aquaculture and/or is expected to have severe
impacts and/or will impact the entire region
B. Moderate - Causes or has the potential to cause degradation to fisheries and aquaculture, with moderate
impact and/or within only a portion of the region
C. Low - Has limited potential to cause degradation to fisheries and aquaculture, with limited impact
and/or within a very limited region
D. No impact
E. Unknown
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7.3 Subsistence
A. High - Is known to cause degradation to subsistence resources and/or is expected to have severe
impacts and/or will impact the entire region
B. Moderate - Causes or has the potential to cause degradation to subsistence resources, with moderate
impact and/or within only a portion of the region
C. Low - Has limited potential to cause degradation to subsistence resources, with limited impact and/or
within a very limited region
D. No impact
E. Unknown
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7.4 Recreation
A. High - Is known to cause degradation to recreation opportunities and/or is expected to have severe
impacts and/or will impact the entire region
B. Moderate - Causes or has the potential to cause degradation to recreation opportunities, with moderate
impact and/or within only a portion of the region
C. Low - Has limited potential to cause degradation to recreation opportunities, with limited impact
and/or within a very limited region
D. No impact
E. Unknown
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7.5 Human health and water quality
A. High - Is known to pose a threat to human health and/or is expected to have severe impacts and/or will
impact the entire region
B. Moderate - Causes or has the potential to pose a threat to human health, with moderate impact and/or
within only a portion of the region
C. Low - Has limited potential to pose a threat to human health, with limited impact and/or within a very
limited region
D. No impact
E. Unknown
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8. Feasibility of prevention, detection and control – Not included in invasiveness score
8.1 History of management, containment, and eradication
A. Attempted and unsuccessful
B. Not attempted
C. Attempted and successful
D. Unknown
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8.2 Cost and methods of management, containment, and eradication
A. Major long-term investment, or is not possible and/or control methods do not exist
B. Major short term, or moderate long term investment and/or control methods are being studied
C. Easy and inexpensive (minor investment) and/or control methods are established and effective
D. Unknown
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8.3 Current efforts for outreach and education
A. No education or outreach takes place
B. Some educational materials are available and passive outreach is used (e.g. signs, information cards)
C. Educational materials are available and outreach occurs only sporadically
D. Programs and materials exist and are readily available
E. Unknown
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8.4 Regulatory barriers to prevent introductions and transport
A. Little to no regulatory restrictions, and no surveillance takes place
B. Little to no regulatory restrictions, but surveillance takes place
C. Regulatory oversight and trade restrictions
D. Strict prohibition and some infrastructure for interception
E. Transport and trade are illegal
F. Unknown
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