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Verbs: 1. Action: tell what the subject is doing. Ex) running, walk, jog, talk, bike 2. Linking: connects (links) a subject to a noun or an adjective in the predicate. ***Common linking verbs: forms of “be” (is, are, was, were, am, been, being) Ex) A hurricane is a tropical cyclone. Ex) The storm is larger than the one before. 3. Helping: completes the main verb in many sentences. Ex) A category 1 hurricane will result in minimal harm. Ex) A category 3 hurricane has hit the town of Burnley. Verbs (tenses): 1. Past tense: expresses action or a state of being that was completed in the past. Usually add “-ed” 2. Present tense: expresses action or a state of being that is happening now or that happens continually or regularly. 3. Future tense: expresses action or a state of being that WILL take place. 4. Past participle: when you add the helping verbs has, had, have Irregular Verbs: do not follow the ed rule. Instead of adding ed to show past tense, the verb changes. Present: Past: Past participle: Write wrote I have written Swim swam I have swum jumped I have jumped Regular: Jump Complete Sentences: 1. Complete sentences have a subject and a predicate. Subject: who or what does something Predicate: what does the subject do Sentence errors: 1. Fragments: Incomplete thoughts. **To make sure your sentences are complete, they have to have: 1. A subject 2. A verb 3. A complete thought Run-ons: putting together two or more complete thoughts without punctuation. ***three ways to fix run-ons 1. Semicolon 2. Period, capitalize the letter of the next sentence 3. Comma conjunction (FANBOYS). Rambling: continuous use of “and” Wordy sentences: unnecessary repetition. Misplaced Modifiers: when a descriptive phrase is improperly located in a sentence and appears to describe the wrong word or idea.