Download Botany Ch16 Classification

Chapter 16
Lecture Outline
Plant Names and
Classification
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Outline

Introduction

Binomial System of Nomenclature
• The International Code of Botanical Nomenclature

Domain & Kingdom Concept

Classification of Major Groups

The Species Concept
Classification of
Major Groups

3 domains:
• Bacteria,
• Archaea,
• Eukarya

Domains broken up
into Kingdoms
• Eukarya
1. Protista
2. Fungi
3. Plantae
4. Animalia
• Kingdoms broken up into
Phyla
PLANT PHYLA
For the Plant Kingdom: There are approximately 12
Phyla
Phylum Bryophyta
Phylum Coniferophyta
Phylum Polypodiophyta
Phylum ??? = Angiosperms
The Domain & Kingdom Concept

TAXONOMIC CLASSIFICATION– grouping of
similar organisms into groups
MEMORY AID
• Domain
Do
• Kingdom
Keep
• Phylum
Philip’s
• Class
Clothes
• Order
On
• Family
For
• Genus
Goodness
• Species
Sakes
Binomial System of Nomenclature

Binomial System
of Nomenclature
• All species given
a unique two word
name
representing the
GENUS and
SPECIES names.
–
Spearmint:
Mentha spicata L.
A page
from
Species
Plantarum
by
Linnaeus

Classification of Major Groups
Example: onion
Domain
Eukarya
Kingdom:
Plantae
Phylum:
Angiosperm
Class:
Monocot
Genus:
Species:
Allium
Allium cepa L.
Allium Flavum
Allium
Schoenoprasum

Example: California Rose
Domain
Eukarya
Kingdom:
Plantae
Phylum:
Angiosperm
Class:
Order:
Family:
Eudicot
Rosales
Rosaceae
Geum macrophyllum
Spiraea douglassii
Genus:
Species:
Rosa
Rosa californica
Rosa Gymnocarpa
Rosa Woodsii
Class:
Order:
Family:
Moncot
Liliales
Liliaceae
• COMMON NAMES: Unreliable
Examples
–
Dicentra cucullaria - Many common names:
Dutchman’s breeches, little-boy’s breeches,
monkshood, boys-and-girls, soldier’s cap, white
hearts,…, plus others in different languages
–
Monkshood is common name for Dicentra cucullaria and
for Aconitum species, which is in a different family.
The International Code of Botanical
Nomenclature

Book that standardizes rules governing the
naming and classification of plants
• Two steps for a new plant species:
–
Latin description of plant must be published in a journal or
other public publication.
–
Author must designate type specimen that is deposited in a
herbarium.
The Species Concept

Morphological species concept - A species
is defined by morphology.

Interbreeding species concept - A species is
a population capable of interbreeding and is
reproductively isolated from other groups.

Ecological species concept - A species is a
group of related individuals that occupy a
unique ecological niche.