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VC papers on HealthCare:
Scoville R, Little K. Comparing Lean and Quality Improvement. IHI White Paper.
Cambridge, Massachusetts: Institute for Healthcare Improvement; 2014.
(Available at ihi.org)
http://www.ihi.org/resources/pages/ihiwhitepapers/comparingleanandqualityimp
rovement.aspx
Martin LA, Neumann CW, Mountford J, Bisognano M, Nolan TW.Increasing
Efficiency and Enhancing Value in Health Care: Ways to Achieve Savings in
Operating Costs per Year. IHI Innovation Series white paper. Cambridge,
Massachusetts: Institute for Healthcare Improvement; 2009. (Available
on www.IHI.org)
http://www.ihi.org/resources/pages/ihiwhitepapers/increasingefficiencyenhancin
gvalueinhealthcarewhitepaper.aspx
Cost, Quality, and Outcomes: The Supply Chain Value Equation
An Executive Thought Leader Forum White Paper, AHRMM
Cost, Quality, and Outcomes: The Supply Chain Value Equation
An Executive Thought Leader Forum White Paper
From First Curve to Second: Hospitals and Care Systems of the Future
Heather Jorna, Vice President, Health Care Innovation, Health Research
and Education Trust (HRET)
http://www.ahrmm.org/ahrmm/kc_documents/whitepapers_case_studies/2013_
AHRMM_Executive_Thought_Leader_Forum.jsp
VC papers on Education:
Antonio K.W. Lau, (2007) "Educational supply chain management: a case
study", On the Horizon, Vol. 15 Iss: 1, pp.15 – 27
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/full/10.1108/10748120710735239
Benatan, E. (2013) inShare What Is Higher Education's Value Chain? 28 July
http://www.informationweek.com/government/leadership/what-is-highereducations-value-chain/d/d-id/1110585?
Dirro, M.; Yarmohammadian, M.H. & Nadi, M.A. (2012) A review on value chain
in higher education, Procedia – Social and Behavioural Sciences, 46: 3942-3846
http://ac.els-cdn.com/S1877042812018939/1-s2.0-S1877042812018939main.pdf?_tid=9ada5908-c45f-11e5-a30600000aab0f01&acdnat=1453835240_5fe2b7690386e975e5e7b14da50eef53
VC Paper on Construction
Atkin, B. (1998) Unravelling the value chain in construction, Proceedings IGLC
http://www.ce.berkeley.edu/~tommelein/IGLC-6/Atkin.pdf
VC Papers on Banking and Finance
Banks & Finance Value Chain 2012
http://www.ncglobaleconomy.com/banks/value.shtml
Laven, M. Tearing up the financial services value chain, Banking
Technology.
http://www.bankingtech.com/143261/tearing-up-the-financial-services-value-chain/
E&YGlobal Limited (nodate) Managing performance through famine and
feast, The value chain framework, EY Building a Better Working World, Ernst &
Young Global Limited
http://www.ey.com/GL/en/Services/Advisory/Managing-performance-through-famine-and-feast--4-Value-chain-framework
Fries, B. (no date) Working Within the Value Chain to Get Financial Services to Micro & Small
Enterprises
http://acdivoca.org/sites/default/files/attach/legacy/site/Lookup/WRFall06-Page10ValueChainsandFinancialServices/$file/WRFall06-Page10-ValueChainsandFinancialServices.pdf
Value Chain Description
The banking and finance value chain is unique because it is based entirely around the production of
services. In this industry, the "raw materials" are lenders and borrowers (private/public firms and
individuals) that appear at both the beginning and the end of the chain. The products provided by this
industry are divided between credit intermediaries (both depository and non-depository) and financial
intermediaries. North Carolina is strongest in depository credit intermediaries, most specifically, in
commercial banks. These institutions primarily collect funds through deposits and lend funds by issuing
loans. These institutions in general capture high levels of value, albeit on average not as high as other
institutions like investment banks. Importantly though, the fine line between the functions of commercial
banks and investment banks is continually becoming thinner, and in many cases in North Carolina,
commercial banks also conduct investment banking services. This trend is serving to improve the
competitiveness of North Carolina firms within the wider banking GVC. Moreover, the banking
transaction does not represent the end of the relationship between the lender and the borrower. Banking
services generally entail the establishment of a relationship between the two and as a result, firms
perform a variety of activities before and after the sale of a product, which allow for multiple streams of
value capture.
Introduction To NCGE Value Chains
Value Chains on the North Carolina in the Global Economy (NCGE)
What is a value chain?
A value chain describes the full range of activities that firms and workers carry out to bring a product or
service from its conception to its end use and beyond. This includes activities such as design,
production, marketing, distribution and support to the final consumer. The activities that comprise a
value chain can be contained within a single firm or divided among different firms and can be contained
within a single geographical location or spread over wider areas. For additional background on the
origins and research associated with this concept, see the Duke-hosted
website,www.globalvaluechains.org.
Value Chain Dimensions
Each industry value chain is composed of three dimensions that work together to produce final products
and services for the market. These include:
Value-Added Activities: Value is created in products and services via a series of six steps: research &
development, design, production, logistics, marketing and services. Each of these varies in importance
based on the industry. In the visual depictions, the top line is composed of the most important valueadding activities for each industry. When you hover the cursor over any “value-adding activities” box
information on the activity and its connection to the supply chain appear.
Supply Chain: Each industry has an input-output process that begins with raw materials and continues
through the making of components and final products, and finally to distribution and sales. In the value
chain visuals, the supply chain is broken into five colors; each representing of the basic stages. When
you place your cursor over these boxes, a description of each activity appears along with statistics
(based on NAICS codes) on the number of firms, employees and average annual wages per employee in
North Carolina (see the Website Overview for information on NAICS codes). The arrows represent the
main stages and the boxes listed below represent specific types of products, processes or markets.
Supporting Industries: The supporting environment includes the entities that support and influence
actors in the supply chain such as trade and professional associations, government agencies, testing and
training facilities, community colleges and universities as well as material and machinery providers. The
entities present in North Carolina are located along the bottom row of the visual. When you hover the
mouse over these boxes the supply chain stages impacted by the supporting industry is highlighted and
statistics or descriptive text is displayed when available.
Value Chain Description
The banking and finance value chain is unique because it is based entirely around the production of
services. In this industry, the "raw materials" are lenders and borrowers (private/public firms and
individuals) that appear at both the beginning and the end of the chain. The products provided by this
industry are divided between credit intermediaries (both depository and non-depository) and financial
intermediaries. North Carolina is strongest in depository credit intermediaries, most specifically, in
commercial banks. These institutions primarily collect funds through deposits and lend funds by issuing
loans. These institutions in general capture high levels of value, albeit on average not as high as other
institutions like investment banks. Importantly though, the fine line between the functions of commercial
banks and investment banks is continually becoming thinner, and in many cases in North Carolina,
commercial banks also conduct investment banking services. This trend is serving to improve the
competitiveness of North Carolina firms within the wider banking GVC. Moreover, the banking
transaction does not represent the end of the relationship between the lender and the borrower. Banking
services generally entail the establishment of a relationship between the two and as a result, firms
perform a variety of activities before and after the sale of a product, which allow for multiple streams of
value capture.
Introduction To NCGE Value Chains
Value Chains on the North Carolina in the Global Economy (NCGE)
What is a value chain?
A value chain describes the full range of activities that firms and workers carry out to bring a product or
service from its conception to its end use and beyond. This includes activities such as design,
production, marketing, distribution and support to the final consumer. The activities that comprise a
value chain can be contained within a single firm or divided among different firms and can be contained
within a single geographical location or spread over wider areas. For additional background on the
origins and research associated with this concept, see the Duke-hosted
website,www.globalvaluechains.org.
Value Chain Dimensions
Each industry value chain is composed of three dimensions that work together to produce final products
and services for the market. These include:
Value-Added Activities: Value is created in products and services via a series of six steps: research &
development, design, production, logistics, marketing and services. Each of these varies in importance
based on the industry. In the visual depictions, the top line is composed of the most important valueadding activities for each industry. When you hover the cursor over any “value-adding activities” box
information on the activity and its connection to the supply chain appear.
Supply Chain: Each industry has an input-output process that begins with raw materials and continues
through the making of components and final products, and finally to distribution and sales. In the value
chain visuals, the supply chain is broken into five colors; each representing of the basic stages. When
you place your cursor over these boxes, a description of each activity appears along with statistics
(based on NAICS codes) on the number of firms, employees and average annual wages per employee in
North Carolina (see the Website Overview for information on NAICS codes). The arrows represent the
main stages and the boxes listed below represent specific types of products, processes or markets.
Supporting Industries: The supporting environment includes the entities that support and influence
actors in the supply chain such as trade and professional associations, government agencies, testing and
training facilities, community colleges and universities as well as material and machinery providers. The
entities present in North Carolina are located along the bottom row of the visual. When you hover the
mouse over these boxes the supply chain stages impacted by the supporting industry is highlighted and
statistics or descriptive text is displayed when available.