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Combined Heat and Power plants –
carbon AND cost saving?
Daman Ranby – Director
Ashley Allsop – Head of Sustainability
Overview
Increasing Fuel Costs
Part L of the Building Regulations 2010
Corporate Social Responsibility
Energy Reduction Initiatives
Marketing Opportunities
The Bottom Line!
Combined Heat & Power – The Basics
A “Generator” of Electricity & Hot Water
For Reciprocating Engines:
• Fuels - Natural Gas, Bio Oil & Bio Gas
• Electrical Power Outputs up to to 10MW
100% Fuel
>30% Electricity
Engine
<20% Losses
50% Heat
Combined Heat & Power – The Basics
Combined Heat & Power – The Basics
930kWe Output CHP
Combined Heat & Power – The Basics
5.7MWe Output CHP
Combined Heat & Power – The Basics
The UK Electricity Grid Mix <45% Efficient
Grid Electricity Generation produces 0.517Kg/CO2/kWh
Expensive Energy 10pence/kWh
100% Fuel
Power
Station Mix
50% Electricity
Grid Losses
45% Electricity
Waste Heat
Combined Heat & Power – The Basics
“The basic principle of CHP is that you generate high cost
electricity using low cost gas with less emissions”
Combined Heat & Power – The Basics
CHP
Gas Boiler & Grid
20Kg CO2
100KW Heat
Heat
Demand
100KW Heat
25Kg CO2
20Kg CO2
100KW Power
Power
Demand
100KW Power
52Kg CO2
10Kg CO2
Total 50Kg CO2
50KW Losses
150KW Losses
Included
Total 77Kg CO2
When to Consider CHP
At the beginning of a project
Installing new boiler plant.
Replacing/refurbishing existing plant.
Reviewing electricity supply.
Reviewing standby electrical generation capacity or plant.
Creating Heat Islands – Consider your neighbours!
How CHP Integrates Into Your Factory
Island or Synchronised Mode
Single/Modular Lead CHP covering base heat profile
Usually Heat Led
Additional plant space
Acoustic treatment of plant spaces
Piping Modifications
Base Heating Load
Hot Water
Load
CHP
CHPHours
OperationCHP
Extended
Hours
Time
Case Study - Background
Feasibility Study completed
Need for replacement steam boiler plant
Site hot water demand 8000 Litres per hour
Electricity demand always above 800KVA
Site operation 24/7
CHP allowed to run 8000 hours per year
Capital Purchase agreed
Case Study - Plant
CHP Plant
Gas Input 2500kW
Electrical Power 930kWe
Thermal Output 1300kWt
Installed cost, approx. £1m
Case Study - Fuel
Fuel Inputs
Natural Gas – 2500 kW x 8000 hours = 20,000 MWh
Cost of Gas Used = 20,000 MWh x 3.5p = £700k
100% Fuel
Case Study - Outputs
Outputs
Electricity
8000 hours x 930kWe = 7,440 MWh
Value of Electricity Produced = 7,440 MWh x 10p = £744k
Climate Change Levy Avoided 7,440 MWh x 0.485p = £36k
Heat
8000 hours x 1300kWt = 10,400 MWh
Value of Heat Produced = 10,400 MWh x 3.5p = £364k
Climate Change Levy Avoided 10,400 MWh x 0.165 = £17k
Case Study - Maintenance
Operating Costs
Maintenance 7,440 MWh x 1.5p = £111k p.a.
CHP down time costs?
Case Study - Returns
Financial Summary Per Annum
Gas Input
£700k
Maintenance
£111k
Electricity
(£744k)
Heat Output
(£364k)
Less CCL
(£53k)
Total Approx. Saving
(£350,000)
Case Study
Case Study - Investment
Capital
£1M
Savings p.a.
(£350k)
Total Approx. Payback
2.8 years
Return on Investment ROI
35%
CO2 Traditional Route
5,905 tons
CO2 produced by CHP
3,960 tons
Pros & Cons
Over-sizing Plant
Reduced operating hours
Life Time Costs, Servicing, Shutdowns
Good Quality CHP - CHPQA – CCL Exempt
Attracts Enhanced Capital Allowances
And Finally…..!
Correctly Designed CHP will –
• Reduce CO2 emissions
• Reduce running costs
• Promote CSR
• Improve the bottom line!
Questions
Daman Ranby
Office 01159 758595
Mobile 07871 545566
Email [email protected]
Useful websites and
Documents
Useful websites:
www.chpa.co.uk;
www.carbontrust.co.uk
www.CIBSE.co.uk
CIBSE AM12
GPG388