Download Project implementation

IFAD Strategy for
Rural Poverty
Reduction
in the Near East and
North Africa (NENA)
PN Division
Project Management Department
February 2002
The strategy formulation process
Regional
poverty
assessment
Internal IFAD
workshops &
management
meetings
IFAD Strategic
Framework
2002-2006
Draft Regional Strategy
Paper
IFAD Governing
Council
February 2002
NENA strategy
regional workshop
Beirut, May 2002
Final Regional Strategy Paper
Strategy outline
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Introduction
NENA regional overview
Rural poverty in NENA
IFAD experience in NENA
IFAD strategy for poverty
reduction
The NENA countries
• Borrowing and non-borrowing:
– 13 countries: Algeria, Djibouti,
Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco,
Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia,
Turkey, West Bank & Gaza, Yemen.
• Non-borrowing:
– 7 countries: Bahrain, Kuwait, Libya,
Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, UAE
Characteristics of the
NENA region
• Main economy
– Wide range in GNP per capita
– Mixed economic performance
– Evidence of growing inequalities
• The agricultural sector
– Agricultural value-added: 16% of GDP
– 36% of economically active pop.
engaged in agriculture
– Growing dependency on food imports
Characteristics of the
NENA region
• Main population characteristics
– High growth of pop. & labor force
– High dependency ratio
Poverty estimates in
the NENA region
Total Number
300
Number of poor (< $2/day)
273
Number of poor (< $1/day)
250
200
million 150
127
110
100
80
81
55
50
0
Total Population
Rural Population
Differential access to
services
Access to Safe Water
% population 100
Yemen
Tunisia
Morocco
Lebanon
Jordan
Egypt
Urban
Rural
Algeria
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Social indicators in the
NENA region
Illiteracy Rates by Gender
80
Female
Male
70
60
50
% population 40
30
20
Yemen
Turkey
Tunisia
Syria
Sudan
Morocco
Lebanon
Egypt
Djibouti
0
Algeria
10
Who are the rural poor?
• Livelihoods
– Small-scale
farmers
– Nomads &
pastoralists
– Artisanal
fishermen
– Wage laborers
• Personal characteristics
– Displaced people
– Women-headed
households
– Rural unemployed youth
What constraints do the
rural poor encounter?
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Water
Land
Human assets
Technology
Financial services
Institutions
Political environment
IFAD portfolio in the
NENA region
• Since 1979
– 83 projects in 13 countries: agricultural
development (40%); rural development
(20%); credit & finance (10%);
irrigation (9%); livestock (9%);
fisheries (6%); research (5%)
– IFAD investment USD 980 million
– Total co-financing USD 1 260 million
– 14 large TAGs (> USD 100 000 each)
IFAD experience in the
NENA region
• Achievements
– Promotion of participatory approach and
decentralization
– Projects used as models for national
programs
– Adaptation of services to women’s needs
– Support to research programmes
IFAD experience in the
NENA region
• Constraints faced
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Project design complexity & rigidity
Non-sustainability of project outputs
Weak local institutions
Problems with counterpart funding
Limited beneficiary participation
Limited experience in addressing gender
issues
– Slow progress in policy change
Lessons from experience
• Project design
– Simplicity & flexibility
– Programs rather than projects
– Involving community organizations
• Project implementation
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More involvement of IFAD staff
Involving the private sector
Involving community organizations
Link grants w/ project implementation
IFAD strategic objectives
in the NENA region
• Empowerment of the rural poor
• Income diversification for the
rural poor
• Equitable access to resources for
women and men
• Natural resource management
(water, watersheds, rangelands)
Areas of intervention
• Community development for
management of common resources
• Promoting appropriate
technologies
• On-farm long-term investment
• Rural infrastructure
• Rural financial institutions
• Micro-enterprise development
Modalities of implementation
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Program approach instead of projects
Targeting the poorest groups
Participatory approach
Capacity building of local institutions
Devolution to end-users & private
sector
• Integrating women in development
• Supporting research & capacity
building programs through TAGs
Action plan pillars
• Policy dialogue: Catalytic role of IFAD in
several policy areas (land tenure,
development of community organizations,
women in development, etc.)
• Strategic partnerships: working with
govts, donors, research inst’n, NGOs, etc.
Knowledge management: crossfertilization, workshops & seminars,
dissemination of project findings
• Impact management: beneficiary
evaluation, qualitative & quantitative
surveys, etc.