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Transcript 
Cell Cycle
Regulation
What factors control a cell’s
advancement through the cell cycle?
Why is regulation of the cycle
important?
40%
Approximately 39.6 percent
of men and women will be
diagnosed with cancer at
some point during their
lifetime.
(based on 2010-2012 data)
(cancer.gov)
The Hallmarks of Cancer
www.insidecancer.org
Type of Cancer
Classification can be based on:
1 – type of tissue in which
the cancer originates
2 – location in the body
where the cancer first
developed
Histological Types
There are five main cancer
classifications based on the
tissue type where the
cancer originated.
Histological Types
Carcinoma
Originates in epithelial tissue.
90% of cancers are carcinomas.
Histological Types
Sarcoma
Originates in
connective
tissue.
Histological Types
Myeloma
Begins in the cells of the immune
system.
Myelomas are cancer of the bone
marrow, particularly of the cells
that produces antibodies (plasma
cells).
Histological Types
Histological Types
Leukemia
Originates in bone marrow
(overproduction of immature
WBCs which don’t perform as
well).
Histological Types
Histological Types
Lymphoma
Originates in
lymphatic
glands.
Histological Types
Cell Cycle
Checkpoints
http://outreach.mcb.harvard.edu/animations/checkpoints.swf (long - spindle checkpoint focus)
Growth Factors
Example of a Growth Factor: Erythropoietin
Contact Inhibition
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WSxvEjfXXhQ
Cyclins and Kinases
Make observations.
Cyclins and Kinases
Internal proteins that regulate the cycle.
Cyclins turn CDKs “ON.”
Signal Transducers
and Transcription
Factors
Src protein = signal transducer
Ras protein = signal transducer
Myc protein = transcription factor
Results in the
production of the
myc protein from
the myc gene.
Myc protein = transcription factor
it transcribes the gene for cyclin
Rb and E2F
E2F protein = transcription factor
transcribes genes that make cyclins and
other proteins that replicate DNA.
Myc and E2F
p53
P53 and P21
BRCA
P53 and BAX
Proto-oncogenes and
Tumor Suppressors
Types of Proto-oncoproteins
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