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Animalia Annelids, Arthropods, and Echinoderms By: Abby Nerenhausen & Brock Franko Annelids Members of the class Polychaeta are marine worms. Members of the class Oligocheata are earthworms. Members of the class Hirudinea are parasitic worms. Reproduction occurs through an exchange of sperm packets Annelids Annelids that burrow are very similar to the ones of the open ocean – – – – Body cavity Segmentation Organ system Bristles Move by using… External bristles called satae satae fleshy appendeges calles parapodia Annelid- Latin word for anus meaning “ring” Organ System Cephalization – Ganglia & Nerve Chords – Led to the development of the brain Make movement of segments of annelids possible Majority of Annelids have closed Circulatory System – Moves Blood Faster Annelids don't have actual hearts – Enlarged Blood vessels serves as heart Under greater pressure Ex. Earth worms Also do not have lungs or gills 12000 Know species – – – Close to 8000 species of polychaete worms 3100 species of Oligochaete (earth worms) 600 species of leeches Range in size (1mm-3m) Evolution of Annelids Evolved from the sea Pholeychaete antecessor group – Oligochaetes evolved from these Leeches evolved from these Polychaete- marine worms – – – Feed on small animals Others burrow tunnels Eat by pumping water through body Some iridescent Have heads Polychaete Fertilization Either male of female – – Usually fertilize externally Males have no distinct sex organs to produce sperm – – Sperm produced from cells in males coelem Females usually attach eggs to rocks Egg fertilized by sperm released into water Will result in growth of larvae After time change to juvenile polychaetes Arthropods 9 important characteristics 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Jointed appendages Segmentation Head Exoskeleton Compound eyes Spiricles Circulation Malpighian tubules Wings Arthropods Shed exoskeleton to grow Signaled by hormones – Forms back by a couple of hours 3 groups of Athropods – – – Chelicerata (spiders and scorpions) Crustace (crabs and lobsters) Uniramia (insects and millipedes) Arthropods Members of the class crustacea – 5 pairs of legs and 2 body regions – Respiration use gills Also chilopoda – Many body segments with one pair of legs per segment – Lobsters, crabs Centipede respiration use trachea and spiricles Most undergo a change of metamorphis Arachnids 3 major orders 1. 2. 3. – – Scorpions Spiders Mites Of the class arachnida Reproduction for arthropods and arachnids are internal fertilization (sexually) Respiration Use book lungs – Hollow flat plates, that air circulates through. Hemolymph flows through the plates and is exchanges with carbon dioxide and oxygen Crustaceans Aquatic Group called decapods – Greek for deka meaning 10 and pous meaning foot Most common food source in the marine food chain is.. – – – – tiny copepods Minute ostracods Fairy shrimp Water flees Echinoderms Adult echinoderm body has no head, brain, or complex sensing organs 4 major characteristics – – – – Endoskeleton Five part radial symmetry Water-vascular system Coelomic circulation and respiration Echinoderms 5 living classes are… – – – – – – Sea stars Feather stars and sea lillies Brittle stars Sea urchins and sand dollars Sea cucumbers Sea stars brittle stars Reproduction