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Matakuliah Tahun Versi : H0344/Organisasi dan Arsitektur Komputer : 2005 : 1/1 Pertemuan 14 Operating System 2 1 Learning Outcomes Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa akan mampu : • Menghubungkan prinsip-prinsip memory management proses komputasi 2 Outline Materi • Memory Management 3 Memory management • Swapping • Partitioning • Paging • Virtual memory • Translation lookaside buffer • Segmentation 4 Memory management Swapping Disk storage Disk storage Main memory Operating system Long term queue (a) Simple job scheduling Intermediate queue Completes jobs and user sessions Main memory Operating system Long term queue Completes jobs and user sessions (b) Swapping 5 Memory management Fixed Partitioning Operating system 8M Operating system 8M 8M 2M 4M 6M 8M 8M 8M 8M 8M 8M 12 M 8M 8M 8M (a) Equal size partitions (b) Unequal size partitions 6 Memory management Dynamic Partitioning Operating system 8M Operating system 8M Operating system 8M Operating system 8M Process 1 20 M Process 1 20 M Process 1 20 M Process 2 14 M Process 2 14 M 22 M Process 3 18 M 4M (a) (b) (c) Operating system 8M Operating system 8M Process 1 20 M Process 1 20 M 14 M Process 4 8M Operating system Process 4 6M Process 3 18 M Process 3 4M (e) 18 M 8M Operating system 8M 20 M Process 2 14 M Process 4 6M 8M 8M 6M Process 3 4M (f) (d) 18 M 6M Process 3 4M (g) 18 M 4M (h) 7 Memory management Allocation of free frame Free frame list 13 14 15 18 20 Process A Page 0 Page 1 Page 2 Page 3 Free frame list 20 13 13 0 of A 14 14 1 of A 15 15 2 of A 16 In use 17 In use 18 3 of A 19 In use 16 17 In use In use 18 19 Process A Page 0 Page 1 Page 2 Page 3 In use 20 20 Process A page table (a) Before 13 14 15 18 (b) After 8 Memory management Logical and physical address Page number Logical address 1 Relative address within page 30 Main memory Frame number Physical address 14 Relative address within frame Page 0 of A 13 Page 1 of A 14 Page 2 of A 15 30 16 13 14 17 15 18 Page 3 of A 18 Process A page table 9 Memory management Inverted Page Table Structure Page # Offset Page table Page # Entry Chain Hash Frame # Page # Hash table Inverted page table Offset Real address 10 Memory management Start Return to faulted instruction Operation of paging and Translation Lookaside Buffer CPU checks the TLB Page table entry in TLB? Yes No Access page table Page fault handling routine OS instructions CPU to read the page from disk No Page in main memory? Yes CPU activates I/O hardware Update TLB CPU generates physical address Page transferred from disk to main memory Yes Memory full? No Page table update Page table update 11 Memory management Translation Lookaside Buffer and cache operation TLB operation Virtual address Page # Offset TLB TLB miss TLB hit Cache operation Real address Tag Hit Remainder Value Cache Miss Value Page table Main memory 12