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1
America under Franklin Pierce and James Buchanan, 1853-1860:
The Kansas-Nebraska Act, the Utopian Movements, the Dred Scott Decision,
and the Election of Lincoln
from the series America’s Era of Expansion and Reform, 1817-1860
PRE-TEST
Directions: Answer each of the following either True or False:
1. Abraham Lincoln ran for President as a Republican.
True _____ False _____
2. The Missouri Compromise was no longer in effect in 1855.
True _____ False _____
3. The Dred Scott Decision was an agreement to restrict trade with Mexico.
True _____ False _____
4. The Gadsden Purchase added more land to the United States than the Louisiana Purchase.
True _____ False _____
5. Shakers were the people who, in the 19th century, worked to create new railroads in America.
True _____ False _____
© 2003 Ancient Lights Educational Media
Published and Distributed by United Learning
All rights to print materials cleared for classroom duplication and distribution.
Name _________________
2
America under Franklin Pierce and James Buchanan, 1853-1860:
The Kansas-Nebraska Act, the Utopian Movements, the Dred Scott Decision,
and the Election of Lincoln
from the series America’s Era of Expansion and Reform, 1817-1860
POST-TEST
A. Fill in the blanks:
1. The southern parts of today's states of Arizona and New Mexico were acquired in
the ______________________ .
2. In the 1850s, most trade goods headed to California arrived by ships that had to _________________.
3. The ___________________was formed to stop the spread of slavery.
4. When South Carolina withdrew from the Union of States, President ____________ was in charge of the
country.
5. The shelling of Fort Sumter was the start of America's _____________.
B. What was the basis of the lawsuit filed by Dred Scott?
C. Name the three main Supreme Court rulings contained in the Dred Scott Decision.
© 2003 Ancient Lights Educational Media
Published and Distributed by United Learning
All rights to print materials cleared for classroom duplication and distribution.
Name _________________
3
America under Franklin Pierce and James Buchanan, 1853-1860:
The Kansas-Nebraska Act, the Utopian Movements, the Dred Scott Decision,
and the Election of Lincoln
from the series America’s Era of Expansion and Reform, 1817-1860
VIDEO QUIZ
Directions: Answer the following either True or False.
1. The Gadsden Purchase added land to America's northwest region.
True _____
False _____
2. The Kansas-Nebraska Act outlawed slavery in the new U.S. territories. True _____
False _____
3. The Dred Scott Decision ended America's Civil War.
True _____
False _____
4. President Buchanan decided not to use military force to keep
the Union together.
True _____
False _____
5. The Republican Party was founded to help stop the spread of slavery. True _____
False _____
© 2003 Ancient Lights Educational Media
Published and Distributed by United Learning
All rights to print materials cleared for classroom duplication and distribution.
Name _________________
4
America under Franklin Pierce and James Buchanan, 1853-1860:
The Kansas-Nebraska Act, the Utopian Movements, the Dred Scott Decision,
'JSitkophd and the Election of Lincoln
from the series America’s Era of Expansion and Reform, 1817-1860
CROSSWORD PUZZLE
1
2
3
4
5
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7
8
9
10
Across:
3. This state joined the Union a little more than a
month after the first slave state seceded.
4. This Supreme Court Decision of 1857 upset
many people who were against slavery.
7. This religious group founded ideal communities
where people lived and worked together in peace
and harmony.
8. This military installation was the first to be
attacked in the Civil War.
9. This state was the first to secede from the
Union.
10. This man debated Abraham Lincoln in Illinois in
1858.
© 2003 Ancient Lights Educational Media
Down:
1. This 1854 law caused the Missouri Compromise
to be repealed.
2. This 1853 deal added land to the southwestern
United States.
5. This man was President right before Abraham
Lincoln.
6. In the 19th century, these people worked to halt
slavery in the United States of America.
Published and Distributed by United Learning
All rights to print materials cleared for classroom duplication and distribution.
Name _________________
5
America under Franklin Pierce and James Buchanan, 1853-1860:
The Kansas-Nebraska Act, the Utopian Movements, the Dred Scott Decision,
and the Election of Lincoln
from the series America’s Era of Expansion and Reform, 1817-1860
TIMELINE
1849
• 23,000 miners come to California for the Gold
Rush.
1858
• The Lincoln-Douglas Debates over slavery begin in
the race for the Senate in Illinois.
• Pikes Peak Gold Rush begins in Denver.
• Discovery of the Comstock Lode of gold and silver
in Nevada—America's richest mining discovery.
• Butterfield Overland Stagecoach line begins. It runs
between Tipton, Missouri, and San Francisco,
California. The trip takes three weeks.
• First transatlantic telegraph cable is completed
between Ireland and Newfoundland.
• Minnesota becomes a state.
1852
• Franklin Pierce wins the race for President.
• The book Uncle Tom's Cabin by Harriet Beecher
Stowe arouses great sentiment against slavery.
• The Cumberland Road, or National Road, is completed between Cumberland, Maryland, and
Vandalia, Illinois, 41 years after it was started.
• Steamboats are the most common form of trans- 1859
• Militant Abolitionist John Brown and 17 others raid
portation on the big rivers of the United States.
a federal military base in Harper's Ferry, Virginia,
hoping to start a slave rebellion.
1853
• The Gadsden Purchase from Mexico adds territory • World's first oil well is drilled in Titusville,
Pennslyvania.
to the southwest United States.
• Oregon becomes a state.
• The Washington Territory is created.
1854
• Kansas-Nebraska Act is introduced by Senator
Stephen Douglas of Illinois. It establishes the new
territories of Kansas and Nebraska from American
Indian land. It advocates "popular sovereignty,"
meaning that each state can decide whether to accept
or reject slavery within its borders. President Pierce
supports the Act.
• Kansas is opened up to settlement.
• The Republican Party is established by anti-slavery
groups opposed to the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
• Trade with Japan begins.
1856
• Democrat James Buchanan wins the race for U.S.
President.
• First railroad bridge across the Mississippi at Rock
Island, Illinois.
• Militant Abolitionist John Brown raids a pro-slavery group at Pottawattamie Creek in Kansas.
• Senator Brooks from South Carolina beats Senator
Sumner of Massachusetts with a cane on the floor of
the U.S. Senate over his remarks about slavery.
1860
• Abraham Lincoln is elected President.
• South Carolina withdraws from the Union.
1861
• Southern states form the Confederate States of
America.
• Telegraph wires span the U.S. from New York City
to San Francisco.
• Kansas is granted statehood.
• Dakota and Colorado Territories are formed.
• Confederate troops fire on Union forces in Charleston, South Carolina’s harbor.
• Nevada Territory is formed.
Timeline Activity
Fill in the correct date:
1. Kansas-Nebraska Act ______
2. Pierce elected President ______
3. Lincoln elected President ______
4. Dakota Territory formed _______
1857
• Dred Scott Decision by Supreme Court.
5. First railroad bridge over the Mississippi _______
• First passenger elevator, invented by Elisha Otis, is
installed in New York City department store.
© 2003 Ancient Lights Educational Media
Published and Distributed by United Learning
All rights to print materials cleared for classroom duplication and distribution.
Name _________________
6
America under Franklin Pierce and James Buchanan, 1853-1860:
The Kansas-Nebraska Act, the Utopian Movements, the Dred Scott Decision,
and the Election of Lincoln
from the series America’s Era of Expansion and Reform, 1817-1860
VOCABULARY LIST
Fort Sumter - A fort across the Charleston harbor
from Fort Moultrie. See above.
Brown, John - Militant white abolitionist who was
Gadsden Purchase - An 1853 purchase from
hanged for his violent anti-slavery activities.
Mexico that added land to what are now the southern
portions of Arizona and New Mexico.
Buchanan, James - 15th U.S. President.
Butterfield Overland Stage Line - The company garrison - Troops stationed at a town.
that, in 1858, started the first regular overland public
transportation service between the Pacific Coast and Garrison, William Lloyd - White abolitionist and
publisher of the Liberator newspaper.
Missouri, using horse-drawn coaches.
California Trail - The southern branch of the Ore- gold rush - A rapid migration of people into an area
gon Trail that ended at Sutter's Fort in Sacramento, where gold has been recently discovered.
California; first used by pioneers in 1841.
ideal communities - Communities where people
Civil War - The deadly war between the Confederate lived and worked together in order to improve and
slave states and the forces of the United States from perfect themselves spiritually; also called Utopian
communities.
1861-1865 (620,000 soldiers die).
Confederate States of America - The government
formed by those slave states that seceded from the
Union in 1860 and 1861 (Arkansas, Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Tennessee, Georgia,
Florida, South Carolina, North Carolina, and
Virginia). Note that some slave states (Missouri,
Kentucky, Delaware, and Maryland), did not join the
Confederacy.
inauguration - The formal ceremony at which a
President takes the oath of office.
Kansas-Nebraska Act - A law of 1854 that established the territories of Kansas and Nebraska and that
made slavery possible in them by repealing the
Missouri Compromise.
Lincoln, Abraham - 16th U.S. President.
Confederacy, The - Same as the Confederate States
Lincoln-Douglas Debates - A series of famous
of America.
debates over the expansion of slavery that took place
Democratic Party - A political party founded by in Illinois between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen
Douglas during the Senate race in 1858.
Andrew Jackson and his supporters.
Douglas, Stephen - Illinois Senator and force behind Mexican War - The war between the United States
the Kansas-Nebraska Act. Douglas publicly debated and Mexico, 1846-1848.
Lincoln over slavery in 1858.
Mexican Cession - The land Mexico was forced to
sell to the United States at the end of the Mexican
Douglass, Frederick - Abolitionist; escaped slave.
War.
Dred Scott Decision - A landmark 1857 Supreme
Missouri Compromise - A law enacted in 1820 that
Court decision over slavery.
permitted slavery in Missouri but made it illegal in
Fort Moultrie - A fort in Charleston, South the rest of the land of the Louisiana Purchase, north
Carolina’s harbor from which Confederate troops of a line along the southern border of Missouri.
fired on Union troops at Fort Sumter at the start of
(Continued on Blackline Master 7)
the Civil War.
© 2003 Ancient Lights Educational Media
Published and Distributed by United Learning
All rights to print materials cleared for classroom duplication and distribution.
Name _________________
7
America under Franklin Pierce and James Buchanan, 1853-1860:
The Kansas-Nebraska Act, the Utopian Movements, the Dred Scott Decision,
and the Election of Lincoln
from the series America’s Era of Expansion and Reform, 1817-1860
Oregon Trail - A rough track that ran 2,000 miles
from Independence, Missouri, to the Willamette
Valley of Oregon from the 1840s to the 1860s. The
Oregon Trail was the longest of the pioneer trails
used in America's westward expansion.
Willamette River Valley - The fertile valley of the
Willamette River. It lies between the Coast Range
and the Cascade Mountains in the present-day state
of Oregon. It was the destination of the pioneers on
the Oregon Trail.
Pierce, Franklin - 14th U.S. President.
Vocabulary Activity:
pioneers - The first settlers to arrive in a region pre- Directions: By consulting the vocabulary list, find
viously unsettled by whites.
the correct word (or words) to fill in the blanks.
Popular Sovereignty - The doctrine whereby citi- 1. The election of Lincoln caused South Carolina
zens in new territories were allowed to decide for to ___________ from the Union.
themselves if they wished to have slavery.
2. The doctrine of _________________ allowed
Republican Party - A political party founded in citizens of the territories to decide if they wanted
Ripon, Wisconsin, in reaction to the Kansas-Neb- to have slavery.
raska Act of 1854. Republicans fought the expansion
of slavery.
3. The Dred Scott Decision involved the issue
of ____________.
Santa Anna, Antonio Lopez de - Dictator of
Mexico.
4. The _________________ was repealed because
of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
Scott, Dred - The Missouri slave who filed a famous
lawsuit to try to obtain his freedom.
5. In 1858, Abraham Lincoln debated Senator
______________ in Illinois.
secede - To withdraw formally from membership in
an organization, association, or alliance.
secession - Same as above.
Shakers - A religious sect that formed ideal communities in 19th century America.
states’ rights - The belief that individual states
should have more power than the federal government. People in the southern slave states favored
strong states’ rights as a way of avoiding federal laws
on slavery.
Taney, Roger - The Supreme Court Chief Justice
who issued the Dred Scott Decision.
Tubman, Harriet - An escaped slave who worked to
abolish slavery.
Utopian communities - Same as ideal communities.
© 2003 Ancient Lights Educational Media
Published and Distributed by United Learning
All rights to print materials cleared for classroom duplication and distribution.