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Contents
Preface ix
Acknowledgements xi
Authors and Contributors xiii
Tables and Figures xv
Introduction On the Social Origins of Rhetoric and Rhetorical Systems
PART I
CLASSICAL RHETORICAL THEORY
1
31
Major Figures 32
Key Concepts 33
CHAPTER 1
The World of Greece and Rome
35
Aeschines and Demosthenes 42
Women’s Role in Rhetorical Traditions, by Beth Waggenspack
Aspasia of Miletus, by Beth Waggenspack 46
Phryne and the Rhetoric of Gesture, by Audrey Kali 49
43
CHAPTER 2
Plato’s Moral-Philosophical View of Rhetoric
53
CHAPTER 3
The Scientific Approach of Aristotle
CHAPTER 4
The Education of the Citizen-Orator: Isocrates, Cicero, Quintilian
CHAPTER 5
The Christianization of Rhetorical Thought from Roman Times
to the Renaissance 99
67
83
Women’s Rhetoric from Medieval to Enlightenment Times, by Beth Waggenspack
PART II
BRITISH/CONTINENTAL THEORY AND ENLIGHTENMENT RHETORIC
112
119
Major Figures 120
Key Concepts 123
CHAPTER 6
Neoclassicism, the Belletristic Movement, and the Rhetoric of Hugh Blair
125
Prelude to the Platform: Woman’s Transition to the Public Sphere, by Beth Waggenspack 140
CHAPTER 7
The Epistemologists
149
Descartes vs. Vico: Debate on the Theory of Knowledge
168
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CHAPTER 8
The Rhetorics of Campbell and Whately
171
CHAPTER 9
The Elocutionary Movement
CHAPTER 10
American Experimentations with Rhetoric 1785–1930 205
191
Mercy Otis Warren’s Contribution to the Rhetorical Tradition, by Sandra J. Sarkela 232
CHAPTER 11
Women Emerge as Speakers: Nineteenth-Century Transformations of Women’s
Role in the Public Arena, by Beth Waggenspack 237
PART III
CONTEMPORARY RHETORICAL THEORY
255
Major Figures 257
Key Concepts 258
Section A: Rhetoric Centered upon Language and Meaning
CHAPTER 12
I.A. Richards and a Meaning-Centered Theory of Rhetoric
The Significant Symbol
CHAPTER 13
259
261
268
Kenneth Burke’s Theory of Dramatistic Rhetoric
273
Kenneth Burke and the “New Rhetoric,” by Marie Hochmuth [Nichols]
Dramatism: Later Contributions of Kenneth Burke 284
CHAPTER 14
CHAPTER 15
Richard Weaver and Rhetoric as Value
291
Language Is Sermonic, by Richard M. Weaver
296
The Rhetorics of Ernesto Grassi and Jurgen Habermas
274
307
Section B: Rhetoric Centered upon Argument 317
CHAPTER 16
Stephen Toulmin on the Nature of Argument
319
Toulmin on Argument: An Interpretation and Application, by Wayne E. Brockriede
and Douglas Ehninger 322
Toulmin on Understanding and Logic 331
Logic and the Criticism of Arguments, by Stephen Toulmin 336
CHAPTER 17
Chaim Perelman on Practical Reasoning
347
The New Rhetoric: A Theory of Practical Reasoning, by Chaim Perelman
Perelman on the Rational and the Reasonable 369
CHAPTER 18
Michel Meyer and a Problematic Theory of Rhetoric
Section C: Rhetoric as Discourse in Postmodern Flux
371
379
CHAPTER 19
Toward a Rhetoric for the New Millennium
CHAPTER 20
Marshall McLuhan on the Medium and the Message
CHAPTER 21
Michel Foucault on Knowledge and Inquiry
381
How Power Generates Understanding and Discourse
CHAPTER 22
350
403
411
416
Berlin’s “Memorial for the Murdered Jews of Europe” and the Problem
of a Postmodern Monumental Rhetoric, by Joel McKim 427
The Voice of Loss: The Transformative Rhetoric of Take Back the Memorial, by Theresa A.
Donofrio 435
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Section D: Rhetoric as a Discourse of Political-Cultural Change 441
CHAPTER 23
Protest Rhetoric and Social Movements
CHAPTER 24
The Cherokee Way: A Rhetorical Analysis of Principal Chief Chadwick A.
“Corntassel” Smith’s Speech “Let Us Build One Fire,”
by Lynda Dee Dixon 461
CHAPTER 25
The Study of African American Rhetoric, by Melbourne S. Cummings
and Jack L. Daniel 471
CHAPTER 26
Into the Twenty-First Century: Contemporary Directions in Women’s Rhetoric,
by Beth Waggenspack 491
Section E: Rhetoric Reaching for New Lines of Synthesis
443
503
CHAPTER 27
Intercultural Rhetoric, by Alberto Gonzalez and Hsin-I Cheng 505
CHAPTER 28
Cultural Assumptions of East and West: Japan and the United States,
by Roichi Okabe 513
CHAPTER 29
The Interplay of Digital Technology, Rhetorical Practice and Research Strategy,
by Elisia L. Cohen 527
CHAPTER 30
Oratory, Democracy, and the Culture of Participation,
by J. Michael Sproule 537
Index
545