Download Learning goals for first semester exam

AP Physics 1. Learning goals for first semester final:
Kinematics conceptual
1. Describe the purpose of physics
2. Determine the relationship between two variables
3. Perform interpolation and extrapolations
4. Calculate percent error
5. Create and interpret motion diagrams
6. Create and interpret motion graphs
7. Define speed and acceleration
8. Identify units for kinematic variables
9. Define uncertainty
10. Define and identify precision and accuracy
11. Explain how we acknowledge uncertainty in lab experiments
Kinematics analytic
12. Describe how to measure velocity and acceleration, listing necessary equipment
a. Describe how to deal with uncertainty
13. Describe conditions for an object to speed up and slowdown in terms of velocity and acceleration
14. Use “area under the curve” to calculate displacement and change in velocity
15. Solve mathematical problems around velocity and acceleration by
a. Writing in symbols and units for givens and unknowns
b. Write equation in terms of unknown, checking units when algebra was used
c. Substitute values with units
d. Write answer with correct number of significant figures and units
16. Show derivation of both AP magic equations
Vectors
17. Define vector and scalar. Provide examples
a. Explain difference between distance and displacement, and speed and acceleration
18. Draw vectors and interpret vector drawings
19. Add and subtract vectors graphically
20. Decompose vectors into components
a. Assign component sign according to angle
21. Add and subtract vector components mathematically
22. Find vector, magnitude and direction, from components
23. Solve kinematic problems using components
a. Find ∆𝑣𝑣 and 𝑣𝑣𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 given 𝑣𝑣 , 𝑣𝑣0 , and t
24. Explain how frame of reference influences the description of motion
Relative motion and Projectile motion
25. Solve mathematical problems that involve frames of reference and relative motion
a. Draw vectors in different frames of reference
b. Add and subtract vectors graphically to solve problems in 2-D
c. Build equation for transferring velocity between frames of references in 1-D
d. Use equation to solve frames of reference and relative motion problems in 1-D
26. Define free fall and projectile motion
a. Describe similarities and differences
27. Describe projectile motion in a descriptive way
a. Explain relationship between horizontal and vertical components
b. Explain what the horizontal component of velocity is at any time
c. Explain what vertical component of velocity is at highest point and launching height
28. Write down equations of motion for each component based on projectile motion properties
a. Determine which object arrives first to the ground under different scenarios
b. Find velocity components given magnitude and direction of a velocity vector
c. Find magnitude and direction of a vector given its components
d. Determine the air time of a projectile and the air time until highest point
e. Determine the range of a projectile
f. Determine the maximum height of a projectile
29. Describe lab procedure to find factors that affect the range of a projectile.
Forces: Newton’s Laws of Motion
30. Define inertia
a. Describe inertia’s dependence on mass
31. Explain Newton’s First Law
a. Explain net force
b. Draw free body diagrams
i. Define weight and normal to the surface
c. Calculate graphically net force
d. Describe motion described in Newton’s First Law
32. Explain Newton’s Second Law (acceleration is directly proportional to the net force and inversely
proportional to the mass
i. Describe terms directly related and inversely related
𝑚𝑚
𝑠𝑠
ii. Write units of force in terms of basic units ( 𝑁𝑁 = 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 2 )
b. Construct and interpret graphs: net force vs. mass, net force vs. acceleration (lab activity)
c. Solve mathematical problems using Newton’s Second Law
i. Use free body diagrams in component form to align forces with axis
ii. Calculate an object’s weight
33. Explain Newton’s Third Law
a. Identify pair of forces according to Newton’s Third Law
b. Explain why, in general, paired forces don’t cancel out even though they have the same
magnitude but opposite direction
c. Explain why different objects can accelerate at different rate when paired forces act on
them (Why fly accelerates more than truck when they collide)
34. Solve mathematical problems using all three Newton’s laws
Applying Newton’s Second Law: Friction and apparent weight
35. Define friction and coefficient of friction
36. Explain static and kinetic friction
a. When does each of them apply?
b. Identify which coefficient of friction is greater, and explain why this is the case
37. Draw free body diagrams with friction:
38.
39.
40.
41.
a. On a flat surface and a push at an angle
b. On an incline (find weight components)
Solve problems around friction
a. Calculate force of friction by determining if object will slide or not
Define apparent weight
Explain how apparent weight depends on acceleration
a. What direction of acceleration produces a larger/smaller apparent weight
b. Describe acceleration for different elevator scenarios:
i. Moving up whole speeding up
ii. Moving down while slowing down
iii. Moving down whole speeding up
iv. Moving up while slowing down
Solve problems with apparent weight
Conservation of Mechanical Energy
42. Define energy and describe its importance in Physics.
43. Define and describe mechanical, kinetic and gravitational potential energies
44. Define a system
45. Describe conservation of energy as seen in class
46. Describe how friction affects conservation of mechanical energy.
a. For the particular case of mechanical energy in the absence of friction
47. Solve problems using conservation of mechanical energy