Download Untitled

Terms and Names:
H-Bomb
Dwight Eisenhower
Eisenhower Doctrine
Brinkmanship
Nikita Khrushchev
Francis Gary Powers
U-2 Incident
John Foster Dulles
Warsaw Pact
Central Intelligence Agency
Set-Up:
The United States and the Soviet Union came to the
brink of nuclear war during the 1950s!
-Arms Race between US and USSR started after the Soviets
detonated their own atomic bomb in 1949.
-The US then pushed forward to create the H-bomb or
Hydrogen bomb. It would be 67x more destructive than the
A-bomb dropped on Hiroshima.
-The Soviets developed and detonated their own within a
year of the US.
-This starts an arms race for firepower and superiority
between the two sides
-During the race for the H-bomb a new president is
elected.
-Former WWII hero, all-star, and legend born in Texas but
raised in Abilene, Kansas…Dwight D. Eisenhower
-Foreign policy under the Eisenhower administration was
instituted by Secretary of State John Foster Dulles.
American foreign policy centered around trimming tradition
military assets and expanding the Air Force so that nuclear
warfare could be used as a threat with immediacy. This
threat would deter the spread of communism according to
Dulles
-This policy would be matched by the USSR
-This policy became known as BRINKMANSHIP
-The Cold War spreads beyond the borders of the US and
USSR as the two sides try to gain influence and favor in the
Middle East, Latin America, and Europe.
-The CIA will gather intelligence and carry out secret
missions that are meant to gain strategic power and
influence over the USSR
-The Cold War spreads beyond the borders of the US and
USSR as the two sides try to gain influence and favor in the
Middle East, Latin America, and Europe.
-The CIA will gather intelligence and carry out secret
missions that are meant to gain strategic power and
influence over the USSR
A result of the Suez
Crisis was the
introduction of the
Eisenhower Doctrine.
Essentially extending
the Truman doctrine
to the Middle East.
-In the midst of all this,
Stalin dies in 1953. His
replacement is a guy named
Nikita Khrushchev.
Relations between the US
and USSR actually got
better, but inclusion of West
Germany in NATO and it’s
rearmament re-stressed
those relations.
-When Nikita Khrushchev takes power
-Denounces Stalinism and has grave moved outside Kremlin
-Relations with China are fractured
-Sought peaceful coexistence with the capitalist nations
-Launched Sputnik
-Put first man in space
-Crushed a revolt in Hungary
-Oversaw the building of the Berlin Wall
-In power during the Cuban Missile Crisis
-As the US and USSR compete globally for power and
influence the USSR will counter the United States formation
of NATO by creating the Warsaw Pact in 1955
East Germany
Poland
Czechoslovakia
Hungary
Romania
Bulgaria
Albania
Soviet Union
The Space Race informally began with the launch of Sputnik on
10.4.1957 by the Soviets
This shocked Americans who panicked at the thought that the Soviets
had technologically caught up to the United States
America’s first attempt at launching a satellite failed, but they
managed to put one in orbit on 1.31.1958
LEGO SPUTNIK
In 1955, The four leaders of the United States, Great Britain, France,
and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics met in Geneva,
Switzerland to discuss German unification and arms control.
President Eisenhower introduces his “Open Skies Policy” to the
group.
-The dismissal of this policy led to secret U-2 flights over Soviet
territory.
-This wasn’t the best kept secret though
-Eventually, Francis Powers, a U-2 pilot was shot down over Soviet
air space and captured
-Eisenhower denied spying on the USSR, but soon had to admit to
the task
-this angered Khrushchev who called off an upcoming summit on
arms control and pulled an invitation for Eisenhower to visit the
Soviet Union
These events reignited the tension between the two sides.