Download Earth Science Unit Test Review

 Date: _________________________________ Topic 1: Our Sun Key Questions: 1. Describe composition of Sun. What type of star is it? How long does it take light from Sun to reach us? 2. Identify the features of the Sun on a diagram. Why do sunspots appear dark? 3. Describe the layers of the Sun and be able to label them. 4. Describe how the Sun generates its energy, and how the energy is transferred. 5. Infer how Sun would affect Earth if we did not have a magnetic field. What effects does it have? 6. Relate the solar activity cycle with sunspots, solar flares, and prominences. 7. Compare and contrast a solar flare to a coronal mass ejection. 8. How long does a solar cycle last? How far away from the Sun are we? 9. What will happen to our Sun? How long before this happens? What will our Sun become? Topic 2: Spectral Analysis Key Questions: 1. What is a spectrum? What are the three types? What causes each? 2. Describe how scientists use different spectra to figure out a stars composition? 3. Compare and contrast absorption spectra to emission spectra. Be able to conduct a spectral analysis. Topic 3: Stars Key Questions: 1. What are constellations? What are circumpolar constellations? 2. What are star clusters? What types occur? 3. Explain the difference between an open cluster and globular cluster. 4. What are binary stars? How do we locate binary stars? 5. How does the Doppler effect indicate a stars movement towards or away from Earth? Topic 4: Stellar Position, Distance, and Properties
Key Questions: 1. Know the different units of measure for stellar distance. 2. What is parallax? Explain how it is used to measure the distance to a star. 3. Explain the difference between absolute and apparent magnitude. What influences these values? 4. Relate stellar temperature to colour. 5. What does a HR diagram depict? 6. Explain the relationship between radius and mass as seen in an HR diagram. Topic 5: Stellar Evolution Key Questions: 1. How do stars form? Explain how mass determines a stars evolution. 2. Determine how the lifetimes of stars depend on mass. 3. Describe why only the most massive stars are important contributors in enriching the galaxy with heavy elements. 4. Explain how universe would be different if massive stars didn’t explode at end of their lives. 5. Compare and contrast the lifecycle of a small star and a massive star. 6. What are red giants? White dwarfs? Red supergiant? Supernovas? Neutron stars? Pulsars? Black hole? Topic 6: Galaxies Key Questions: 1. How did astronomers determine where Earth is located within the Milky Way? 2. What are variable stars? Where is our galactic center? 3. Describe the shape of the Milky Way in detail. How was this determined? 4. What basic shapes can galaxies be? 5. Where in the Milky Way are new stars being formed? 6. Compare and contrast population 1 and 2 stars. 7. What is the local group? Who are the largest members? 8. What is Hubble’s Law? How do we know that the universe is expanding?