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Coastal communities and fisheries Adapting to a changing environment Newlyn harbour, Cornwall Kirsten Abernethy Lecturer in Environmental Social Science, Environment Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter Global changes affecting fisheries • Declines in marine fish stocks • Climate change • Economic changes & energy Importance of sustainable fisheries for food security • Dependence on fish for nutrition, income & employment • Economic benefits & buffer against shock • Globally integrated problem Fuelling the decline of UK fishing communities? …a globally integrated problem…? Abernethy, K.E., Trebilcock, P., Kebede, B., Allison, E.H. & Dulvy, N.K. (2010) Fuelling the decline in UK fishing communities? ICES Journal Of Marine Science, 67, 1076-1085. FSBI Newlyn, Cornwall, UK, 2008 Fuel cost as proportion of trip gross earnings (%) Fuelling the decline in UK fishing communities? 60 70 50 otter trawl 30 scallop dredger gill netter crab potter 10 50 2007 2008 40 Fuel pence litre 30 20 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 0 1999 10 1998 Unit price beam trawl Fuelling the decline in UK fishing communities? Significant drop in income & inability to innovate Belief that fishing fleet will significant reduce A likely loss of shore jobs and infrastructure Negative social impacts on the wider community 60 Fuel pence litre 50 Monkfish £kg Dover sole £kg Hake £kg Megrim £kg 40 30 20 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 0 1999 10 1998 Unit price Why were fisheries hit so hard? Fuelling the decline of UK fishing communities? …a globally integrated problem…? Fresh product sold at auction market… ….fishers are “price takers, not price makers” Fewer merchants at the market Greater merchant access to local and global markets Fish prices High demand Less vessels Less fish Greater quality fish 5 years on… Were the economists or fishermen right? Have fishers adapted and innovated?