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Muscles: I. II. III. Types a. Skeletal b. Cardiac c. Smooth Differ in a. Cell structure b. Body location c. How they are stimulated to contract Similarities a. Elongated i. Reason they are called muscle fibers b. shorten and contract c. terminology i. myo and mys mean muscle ii. sarco means flesh IV. Skeletal muscle (terms to remember skeletal, striated and voluntary) a. Fibers packed together to make skeletal muscle b. Attach to the skeleton c. Cover bones to make contours smooth d. Fibers are i. Cigar shaped ii. Multinucleate iii. Some up to 1 foot in length iv. So large they can be seen with the naked eye 1. antigravity muscles 2. example hip e. known as striated i. fibers appear striped f. g. h. i. ii. only muscle that is under conscious control can contract with great force tires very easily must rest after short periods of activity bundled together with connective tissue Endomysium (sheathing on outside of muscle fibers) Perimysium covering on a group of fibers (several sheathed fibers wrapped together) Fibers wrapped together form a fascicle Bind many fascicles together to with an outer coat called an epimysium Bind these together into cordlike tendons or sheet like aponeuorses --these connect to bones, cartilage or each other. V. Smooth muscle (terms to remember….visceral, nonstriated and involuntary) a. No striations b. Involuntary c. Location i. Walls of visceral organs 1. stomach 2. urinary bladder 3. respiratory passages d. propels substances along a tract e. microscopic i. spindle-shaped ii. single nucleus iii. sheets or layers 1. one circular the other longitudinally f. can work for long and slow periods g. take care of “housekeeping” activities i. move food through digestive tract ii. force feces out of distal digestive tract iii. can work tirelessly VI. Cardiac Muscle (key terms …cardiac, striated, involuntary) a. Found only in heart b. Similar to the other two muscle types i. Striated like skeletal ii. Involuntary like smooth c. found in spiral shapes or figure 8 patterns VII. Muscle functions a. Produces movements b. Maintains posture c. Stabilizes joints d. Generates heat