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THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RESPIRATION
ENERGY-RELEASING PROCESS THAT IS FUELED BY
____________________________________
YOU BREATHE ____ LITERS PER MINUTE
REMOVES THE ____________________ PRODUCT CARBON DIOXIDE
NOSE AND THROAT
AIR ENTERS THROUGH ________________________________ – OPENINGS IN
THE NOSE
IT FLOWS TO THE NASAL CAVITY
HEATED BY ____________________VESSELS
MUCUS ___________________________ THE AIR AND TRAPS DUST
PARTICLES AND MICROSCOPIC ORGANISMS
A FRESH BATCH OF ___________________________IS PRODUCED EVERY 20
MINUTES
CILIA PUSH OLD MUCUS TOWARD THE ESOPHAGUS AND INTO THE
________________________________
HYDROCHLORIC ACID DESTROYS MANY
___________________________TRAPPED IN THE MUCUS
SNEEZE
SOME PARTICLES NEVER MAKE IT PAST THE ____________________BECAUSE
THEY ARE SNEEZED OUT
EPIGLOTTIS
SMALL ___________________________________OF TISSUE THAT CLOSES OVER
THE ENTRANCE OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM WHEN FOOD AND
________________________________ARE INGESTED
TRACHEA
KNOWN AS THE _____________________________
BUMPS ARE RINGS OF _______________________________
FLEXIBLE SO YOU CAN BEND YOUR NECK
RIGID TO KEEP THE ______________________ PASSAGE OPEN
HELD TOGETHER BY SMOOTH MUSCLE THAT ENABLES THE
_____________________________________ TO BE CHANGED
MUCUS TRAPS PARTICLES AND ____________________________ THAT
MANAGE TO GET PAST THE NOSE
SWEPT OUT OF TRACHEA AND UP TO THE MOUTH OR NOSE BY
___________________________
IF PARTICLES COLLECT – YOU ______________________________
LARYNX
VOICE BOX – LOCATED AT TOP OF
________________________________________
MADE OF _____________________________________________ THAT JETS
OUT OF THE NECK (ADAM’S APPLE)
LARGER IN MALES BECAUSE THEY GENERALLY HAVE LESS
_________________
VOCAL CORDS
TWO SMALL FOLDS OF ____________________________________THAT
STRETCH ACROSS THE _________________________________
__________________________________TIGHTEN TO NARROW THE SLIT
BETWEEN THEM
RUSHING AIR MAKES THEM _______________________________
HIGH VOICE – TIGHTER CORDS-VIBRATE
____________________________
LOW VOICE – MORE ________________________________– VIBRATE
MORE SLOWLY
PITCH IS DETERMINED BY SIZE OF
___________________________________AND LENGTH OF VOCAL CORDS
TONGUE, LIPS, AND _______________________________,PLUS THE
VIBRATION IN THE ______________________________________CAVITY GIVE
YOUR VOICE A SPECIAL QUALITY
LUNGS
BRONCHI
TWO TUBES THAT BRANCH OFF OF THE __________________________INTO
EACH LUNG
LUNGS
MAIN ORGAN OF __________________________________________________
____________________________CONTINUE TO DIVIDE IN THEM
ALVEOLI
SACS AT ENDS OF THE __________________________________ TUBES
GATEWAYS FOR ______________________________INTO THE BODY
_________________MILLION IN LUNGS SURROUNDED BY CAPILLARIES
AS AIR ENTERS THE ALVEOLI, OXYGEN SEEPS THROUGH THE THIN WALLS INTO
SURROUNDING ______________________________________
BLOOD CARRIES IT THROUGHOUT THE BODY
________________________________________________________________
_______IS EXCHANGED IN THE SAME WAY
2400 KILOMETERS OF AIRWAYS FIT INTO THE CHEST CAVITY
CARBON DIOXIDE AND _______________________________IS
EXCHANGED IN A FEW SECONDS
BREATHE
YOU BREATHE ABOUT 1 LITER OF AIR EVERY ____________SECONDS AT REST
DIAPHRAGM
DOME-SHAPED ________________________________
____________________________________TO BREATHE IN
ALLOWS CHEST TO EXPAND
EXPANSION ALLOWS MORE _______________________FOR AIR IN
YOUR LUNGS
AIR PRESSURE INSIDE ________________________________ALLOWING
AIR TO RUSH IN FROM OUTSIDE
________________________________– DIAPHRAGM RETURNS TO NORMAL
SPACE _______________________________IN CHEST CAVITY
AIR PRESSURE ___________________________________
AIR IS FORCED OUT
THE DIAPHRAGM CAN BE _____________________________OR WORK
AUTOMATICALLY
HICCUP
DIAPHRAGM BECOMS IRRITATED – THE VOCAL CORDS
_______________________SHUT
INCREASED LEVELS OF
____________________________________________________WILL CAUSE
INVOLUNTARY CONTRACTIONS TO STOP
STOPS THE HICCUPS
THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM
EXCRETION
PROCESS IN WHICH ______________________________ IS REMOVED FROM THE
BODY
THE KIDNEYS
ACT AS BODY’S FILTER – REMOVES WASTE AND
____________________________________FROM THE BLOOD
REDDISH BROWN AND SHAPED LIKE KIDNEY BEANS
ONE KIDNEY ON EACH SIDE OF __________________________________
COLUMN JUST ABOVE THE WAIST
1 LITER OF BLOOD IS RECEIVED EACH MINUTE
UREA
____________________________________WASTE FILTERED OUT OF THE BLOOD
BY THE KIDNEYS
PARTS OF THE KIDNEY
NEPHRON
WHERE ACTUAL FILTERING TAKES PLACE
MILLIONS OF ______________________________ FILTERING FACTORIES
CAPSULE
CUP-SHAPED PART OF THE ______________________________________
CARRIES FILTERED MATERIALS TO TINY TWISTING TUBE
MOST_____________________, SALTS AND WATER ARE REABSORBED
LIQUID REMAINING IS URINE
URINE IS _______% WATER
IF THE BODY DID NOT REABSORB MOST OF THE NUTRIENTS, SALTS AND
WATER IT WOULD DIE
URETER
THE NARROW TUBE THAT CONNECTS THE ________________________ TO
THE URINARY BLADDER
YOU HAVE __________________URETERS – ONE FROM EACH KIDNEY TO THE
BLADDER
URINARY BLADDER
MUSCULAR SAC THAT STORES _____________________ BEFORE IT IS RELEASED
URETHRA
CONNECTS URINARY _________________________________ TO THE BODY EXIT
OTHER EXCRETORY ORGANS
LIVER
REMOVES WASTE FROM THE BODY
REMOVES EXCESS _______________________________________– FORMS
UREA
CONVERTS __________________________________________FROM WORNOUT RED BLOOD CELLS INTO BILE
_____________________REMOVES AND DIGESTS MOST BACTERIA THAT
ENTER FROM THE LARGE INTESTINE
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
SKIN
1.5 TO 2 SQUARE METERS – IT IS THE ___________________________ORGAN
0.5 TO 6 MILLIMETERS IN __________________________
EPIDERMIS
______________________LAYER
DEAD, FLATTENED CELLS THAT ARE CONSTANTLY _______________________
INNERMOST LAYER CONTAINS________________________________, ACTIVE
CELLS THAT PRODUCE MORE CELLS
NO _________________________________OR BLOOD VESSELS
DERMIS
________________________________ LAYER
CONTAINS NERVES AND __________________________ VESSELS
THICKER THAN _____________________________________
CONTAINS SMALL FINGERLIKE STRUCTURES – EPIDERMIS ON TOP CREATES
RIDGES
RIDGES ARE ________________________________________
SKIN ALSO CONTAINS_____________________, NAILS, SWEAT AND OIL
GLANDS
HAIR AND ___________________________ARE FORMED FROM SKIN
CELLS THAT ARE FILLED WITH A TOUGH, FIBER-LIKE PROTEIN AND THEN
DIE
SWEAT OR ______________________________________________
WASTE EXCRETED THROUGH THE ___________________________________
SWEAT GLANDS
COILED TUBES CONNECTED TO ______________________________________
HELP BODY GET RID OF EXCESS ________________________, UREA
AND ABOUT 0.5 LITERS OF ___________________________ EVERY DAY
THIS COMBINATION IS KNOWN AS SWEAT OR
____________________________________
SWEAT NOT ONLY RIDS THE BODY OF WASTES, IT HELPS
_________________________________THE BODY
____________________________________
________________________________ FROM THE BODY’S SURFACE
STRENUOUS EXERCISE –_________________LITERS IN 24 HOURS