Download Threatened species in Lake Macquarie City

2015/2016 State of the Environment Report – June 2016
THREATENED SPECIES
Species known or likely to occur in Lake Macquarie which are listed as
threatened under the Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995.
EPBC Act - Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999
CE-Critically Endangered, E- Endangered, V-Vulnerable
MS-Marine Species, Migratory Species (B-Bonn, J-JAMBA, C-CAMBA, K-ROKAMBA)
* Recorded in Lake Macquarie City
Schedule 1 - Endangered
Community
Corresponding LHCCREMS Community
EPBC
Act
ENDANGERED ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES (in the Sydney bioregion)
Sydney Freshwater Wetlands
MU 45 Lepironia Swamp
*
Swamp Oak Floodplain Forest
MU 40 Swamp Oak - Rushland Forest
MU40a Phragmities Rushland
MU 41 Swamp Oak Sedge Forest
*
Freshwater Wetlands on Coastal Floodplains
MU 46 Freshwater Wetland Complex
*
River-flat eucalypt forest on coastal
floodplain
MU5 Alluvial Tall Moist Forest
MU 38 Redgum Rough-barked Apple Swamp
Forest
MU 42 Riparian Melaleuca Swamp Woodland
MU 37 Swamp Mahogany - Paperbark Forest
*
Swamp Sclerophyll forest on coastal
floodplain
MU 37 Swamp Mahogany - Paperbark Forest
MU 42 Riparian Melaleuca Swamp Woodland
MU42a Melaleuca Scrub
MU 43 Wyong Paperbark Forest
*
Hunter Lowlands Redgum Forest
MU 19 Hunter Lowland Redgum Forest
Littoral Rainforest
MU4 Littoral Rainforest
Coastal Saltmarsh
Mu47a Saltmarsh
Lower Hunter Spotted Gum - Ironbark
Forest
Themeda grassland
MU17 Lower Hunter Spotted Gum - Ironbark
Forest
MU48 Coastal Clay Heath
MU51 Coastal Headland Complex
MU1 Coastal Wet Gully Forest
MU1a Coastal Warm Temperate - Subtropical
Rainforest
MU 54 Sandstone Hanging Swamps
*
*
*
*
Duffys Forest
Quorrobolong Scribbly Gum Woodland
Lowland Rainforest of Subtropical Australia
Coastal Upland Swamp in the Sydney Basin
Bioregion
V
*
*
CE
*
E
ENDANGERED POPULATIONS
Eucalyptus parramattensis subsp.
parramattensis in Wyong and Lake
Macquarie LGAs
CE
*
Common name
Species name
EPBC
Act
ENDANGERED SPECIES
INSECTS
Giant Dragonfly
Petalura gigantea
*
AMPHIBIANS
Giant Barred Frog
Mixophyes iteratus
Green & Golden Bell Frog
Litoria aurea
Stuttering Frog
Mixophyes balbus
*
*
*
REPTILES
Broad-headed Snake
Hoplocephalus bungaroides
V
Leathery, Leatherback Turtle
Dermochelys coriacea
E,MS,B
Loggerhead Turtle
Caretta caretta
BIRDS
Australasian Bittern
Botaurus poiciloptilus
E
Australian Painted-snipe
Rostratula australis
E,MS,C
Black-necked Stork
Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus
Bush Stone Curlew
Burhinus magnirostris
Curlew Sandpiper
Calidris ferruginea
*
*
*
Little Tern
Sterna albifrons
*
Pied Oystercatcher
Haematopus longirostris
Southern Giant-petrel
Macronectes giganteus
E,MS,B
Swift Parrot
Lathamus discolor
*
*
*
MAMMALS
Brush-tailed Rock Wallaby
Petrogale penicillata
*
V
Eastern Quoll
Dasyurus viverrinus
*
Dugong dugon
Southern Right Whale
PLANTS
Bynoe’s Wattle
V
V
E,MS,B
CE,MS,B,
C,J,K
MS,B,C,J,
K
CE,MS
E
MARINE MAMMALS NB in Coastal Waters Adjacent to City/LGA
Blue Whale
Balaenoptera musculus
Dugong
E
E,B
MS,B
Eubalaena australis
*
*
Acacia bynoeana
*
V
E,B
Caladenia porphyrea
Thick lip Spider Orchid, Daddy Long Legs
Caladenia tessellata
V
Coastal Spurge
Chamaesyce psammogeton
Red Helmeted Orchid
Corybas dowlingii
White Flowered Wax Plant
Cynanchum elegans
Spider Orchid
Dendrobium maleleucaphilum
Yellow Gnat-orchid
Genoplesium baueri
E
Angus’s Onion Orchid
Microtis angusii
E
Coastal Groundsel (1920 record)
Senecio spathulatus
Magenta Lilly Pilly
Syzygium paniculatum
Horned Pond Weed
Zannichellia palustris
*
*
*
*
*
*
E
V
Schedule IA – Critically Endangered
CRITICALLY ENDANGERED SPECIES
BIRDS
Beach Stone Curlew
Hooded Plover
Esacus neglectus
Thinornis rubricollis
Red Goshawk
Erythrotriorchis radiatus
Regent Honeyeater
Xanthomyza hrygia (Anthochaera hrygia)
PLANTS
Corunastylis Charmhaven / Wyong Midge
Orchid 2
Wyong Sun Orchid
Wyong Midge Orchid 1
MS
MS
*
*
V
CE,J
Corunastylis sp. Charmhaven (NSW896673)
CE
Thelymitra sp. adorata
CE
Genoplesium insigne (Corunastylis insignis in
EPBC)
*
CE
*
*
*
*
*
V
Schedule II – Vulnerable
VULNERABLE ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES (in the Sydney bioregion)
Lower Hunter Valley Dry Rainforest
MU3 Hunter Valley Dry Rainforest
VULNERABLE SPECIES
AMPHIBIANS
Giant Burrowing Frog
Heleioporus australiacus
Green-thighed Frog
Litoria brevipalmata
Littlejohn’s Tree Frog/Heath Frog
Litoria littlejohni
Red-crowned Toadlet
Pseudophryne australis
Wallum (Tinkling) Froglet
Crinia tinnula
MAMMALS
Brush-tailed Phascogale
Phascogale tapoatafa
Koala
Phascolarctos cinereus
Long-nosed Potoroo
Potorous tridactylus
Common (Eastern) Bent-winged Bat
Miniopterus schreibersii oceanensis/ Miniopterus
schreibersii bassanii
Myotis adversus
Large-footed Mouse-eared Bat
(Fishing Bat, Southern Myotis)
Greater Broad-nosed Bat
Scoteanax rueppellii
Yellow-bellied Sheath-tailed Bat
Saccolaimus flaviventris
Little Bent-wing Bat
Miniopterus australis
Golden-tipped Bat
Kerivoula papuensis
Eastern Free-tail Bat (Eastern Little MastiffBat)
Great Pipistrelle (Eastern (False) Falsistrelle)
Mormopterus norfolkensis
Large-eared Pied Bat
Chalinolobus dwyeri
Eastern Cave Bat
Eptesicus troughtoni (Vespadelus troughtoni)
Grey-headed Flying-fox
Pteropus poliocephalus
Falsistrellus tasmaniensis
*
*
*
*
V
V
V
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
V
V
Eastern Pygmy-possum
Cercartetus nanus
Eastern Chestnut Mouse
Pseudomys gracilicaudatus
Squirrel Glider
Petaurus norfolcensis
Yellow-bellied Glider
Petaurus australis
Tiger (Spotted-tailed) Quoll
Dasyurus maculatus
Parma Wallaby
Macropus parma
*
*
*
*
*
MARINE MAMMALS NB in Coastal Waters Adjacent to City/LGA
New Zealand Fur Seal
Arctocephalus forsteri
E
MS
Australian Fur Seal
Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus
Humpback Whale
Megaptera novaeangliae
Sperm Whale
Physeter catadon
REPTILES
Green Turtle
Chelonia mydas
Heath Monitor or Rosenberg’s Goanna
Varanus rosenbergi
Pale-headed Snake
Hoplocephalus bitorquatus
Stephen's Banded Snake
Hoplocephalus stephensii
*
BIRDS
Black Bittern
Ixobrychus flavicollis
Comb-crested Jacana
Irediparra gallinacea
Mongolian Plover (Lesser Sand Plover)
Charadrius mongolus
*
*
*
Great Knot
Calidris tenuirostris
*
Large (Greater) Sand-Plover
Charadrius leschenaulti
*
Antipodean Albatross
Diomedea antipodensis
E,MS,B,C,
J,K
CE,MS,B,
C,J,K
V,MS,B,C
,J,K
V,MS,B
Gibson’s Albatross
Diomeda gibsoni
V,MS,B
Black-browed Albatross
Diomedea melanophrys
Little Lorikeet
Glossopsitta pusilla
Hooded Robin (south-eastern form)
Melanodryas cucullata cucullata
Brown Treecreeper (south-eastern
subspecies
Speckled Warbler
Climacteris picumnus victoriae
White-fronted Chat
Epthianura albifrons
Varied Sittella
Daphoenositta chrysoptera
Diamond Firetail
Stagonopleura guttata
Black-chinned Honeyeater
Melithreptus gularis gularis
Grey-crowned Babbler (eastern subspecies)
Pomatostomus tempoalis temporalis
Blue-billed Duck
Oxyura australis
Freckled Duck
Stictonetta naevosa
Flame Robin
Petroica phoenicea
Scarlet Robin
Petroica boodang
Wompoo Fruit -dove
Ptilinopus magnificus
Rose-crowned Fruit-dove
Ptilinopus regina
Superb Fruit-dove
Ptilinopus superbus
Turquoise Parrot
Neophema pulchella
Powerful Owl
Ninox strenua
Barking Owl
Ninox connivens
Masked Owl
Tyto novaehollandiae
Pyrrholaemus sagittata
*
*
MS
V,B
B
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
V,MS,B
V,MS,B
MS
MS
Sooty Owl
Tyto tenebricosa
Sooty Oystercatcher
Haematopus fuliginosus
Osprey
Pandion haliaetus
Spotted Harrier
Circus assimilis
Square-tailed Kite
Lophoictinia isura
Little Eagle
Hieraaetus morphnoides
Glossy Black-cockatoo
Calyptorhynchus lathami
Gang Gang Cockatoo
Callocephalon fimfriatum
Terek Sandpiper
Xenus cinereus
Sooty Tern
Sterna fuscata
Black-tailed Godwit
Limosa limosa
*
*
Northern Giant-petrel
Macronectes halli
*
PLANTS
Charmhaven Apple
Angophora inopina
Netted Bottle Brush
Callistemon linearifolius
Leafless Tongue Orchid
Cryptostylis hunteriana
Port Jackson Heath
Epacris purpurascens var. purpurascens
Newcastle Doubletail
Diuris praecox
Camfield’s Stringybark
Eucalyptus camfieldii
Drooping Red Gum, Earp’s Dirty Gum
Eucalyptus parramattensis subsp. decadens
Small-flower Grevillea
Grevillea parviflora subsp. parviflora
(a herb)
Maundia triglochinoides
Biconvex Paperbark
Melaleuca biconvexa
Tall Knotweed
Persicaria elatior
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Villous Mintbush
Coastal Headland Pea
Prostanthera densa
Pultenaea maritima
Eastern Underground Orchid
Rhizanthella slateri
Heath Wrinklewort
Rutidosis heterogama
Black-eyed Susan
Tetratheca juncea
Glandular Pink-bell
Tetratheca glandulosa
Austral Toadflax
Thesium australe
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
MS,B
B
B
MS,B,C,J,
K
MS
MS,B,C,J,
K
V,MS,B
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
*
*
*
*
*
E
V
V
V
Species listed as threatened under the EPBC Act 1999 but not the TSC Act
1995
New Holland Mouse (Pseudomys novaehollandiae) – vulnerable under EPBC Act
Greater Glider (Petauroides volans) – vulnerable under EPBC Act
Eastern Curlew (Numenius madagascariensis) – critically endangered under EPBC Act
Bar-tailed Godwit (Limosa lapponica menzbieri) – critically endangered under EPBC Act
Red Knot (Calidris canutus) – endangered under EPBC Act
ROTAP Species Known to Occur
Callistemon shiressii (3RC-)
Eucalyptus fergusonii subsp. fergusonii (3KC-)
Gonocarpus salsoloides (3RCa)
Typhonium eliosurum (3RC-)
Macrozamia pauli-guilielmi subsp flexuosa (2K) (syn. Macrozamia flexuosa)
Arthrochilus prolixus (2K) Elbow Orchid
Key Threatening Processes Listed Under Schedule 3 of the Threatened
Species Conservation Act 1995
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
Anthropogenic Climate Change
Bushrock Removal
Predation by the Feral Cat (Felis catus)
Invasion of native plant communities by Bitou Bush (Chrysanthemoides
monilifera)
Predation by the European Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes)
Predation by Mosquito Fish (Gambusia holbrooki)
High Frequency Fire resulting in the disruption of life cycle processes in
plants and animals and loss of vegetation structure and composition
Loss or Degradation (or both) of sites used for hill-topping by butterflies
Clearing of native vegetation
Alteration to the natural flow regimes of rivers and streams and their
floodplains and wetlands
Competition and grazing by the feral European Rabbit (Oryctolagus
cuniculus)
Competition from feral honeybees Apis mellifera
Infection by Psittacine species and populations
Infection of Native Plants by Phytophthora cinnamomi
Infection of frogs by amphibian chytrid fungus causing the disease
chytridiomycosis
Invasion of native plant communities by exotic perennial grasses
The entanglement in or ingestion of anthropogenic debris in marine and
estuarine environments
Removal of dead wood, dead trees and logs
Predation, habitat degradation, competition and disease transmission by
Feral Pigs (Sus scrofa)
Competition and habitat degradation by Feral Goats (Capra hircus)
Herbivory and environmental degradation caused by feral deer
Alteration of habitat following subsidence due to long wall mining
Death or injury to marine species following capture in shark control
programs on oceans and beaches
Invasion and establishment of exotic vines and scramblers
Invasion and establishment of the Cane Toad (Bufo marinus)
Invasion establishment and spread of Lantana (Lantana camara)
The loss of hollow-bearing trees
Bell Miner Associated Dieback
Predation and Hybridization by Feral Dogs
Invasion of Native Plant Communities by African Olive (Olea europaea)
Introduction and Establishment of Exotic Rust Fungi of the order Pucciniales
pathogenic on plants of the family Myrtaceae as a Key Threatening Process
The Invasion and establishment of escaped exotic garden plants, including
aquatic plants
33. Aggressive exclusion of birds from woodland and forest habitat by abundant
Noisy Miners (Manorina melanocephala)
Federal Key Threatening Processes Listed Under Environmental Protection
and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
Competition and land degradation by rabbits
Competition and land degradation by unmanaged goats
Dieback caused by the root-rot fungus (Phytophthora cinnamomi)
Incidental (or by catch) of seabirds during oceanic long line fishing
operations
Infection of amphibians with chytrid fungus resulting in chytridiomycosis
Injury and fatality to vertebrate marine life caused by ingestion of , or
entanglement in harmful marine debris
Land clearance
Loss and degradation of native plant and animal habitat by invasion of
escaped garden plants including aquatic plants
Loss of terrestrial climatic habitat caused by anthropogenic emissions of
greenhouse gases
Predation by European Fox
Predation by Feral Cats
Predation, habitat degradation, competition and Disease Transmission by
Feral Pigs
Psittacine Circoviral (beak and feather) disease affecting psittacine species
The biological effects, including lethal toxic ingestion, caused by Cane Toads
(Bufo marinus)
The reduction in the biodiversity of Australian native fauna and flora due to
the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta (fire ant)
Aggressive exclusion of birds from potential woodland and forest habitat by
over-abundant noisy miners (Manorina melanocephala)
Novel biota and their impact on biodiversity
List of Relevant State Recovery Plans
•
•
•
•
•
Koala Recovery Plan, November 2008
Barking Owl draft Recovery Plan, February 2003
Little Tern Recovery Plan, October 2003
Green & Golden Bell Frog draft Recovery Plan, February 2005
Magenta Lilly Pilly draft Recovery Plan
(replaced by National recovery plan for Magenta Lilly Pilly (Syzygium paniculatum), 2012)
•
•
•
•
•
Yellow-bellied Glider Recovery Plan, February 2003
Large Forest Owl Recovery Plan, October 2006
Brush-tailed Rock Wallaby Recovery Plan, March 2008
Bush Stone Curlew Recovery Plan, February 2006
Red Goshawk Recovery Plan, October 2006
List of Relevant State Threat Abatement Plans
•
Bitou Bush and Boneseed Threat Abatement Plan, July 2006
•
•
Predation by Red Fox Threat Abatement Plan, December 2001
Predation by Plague Minnow Threat Abatement Plan, August 2003
List of Relevant Federal Recovery Plans
•
•
•
•
National Recovery Plan for threatened Albatrosses & Giant Petrels, 2011 Commonwealth Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water,
Population and Communities
Recovery Plan for Marine Turtles in Australia, July 2003 – Environment
Australia
Humpback Whale Recovery Plan 2005-2010, May 2005 – Department of
Environment & Heritage
Regent Honeyeater (Xanthomyza phrygia) Recovery Plan 1999-2003, May
1999 – Department of Natural Resources and Environment
(replaced by Draft National Recovery Plan for Regent Honeyeater (Anthochaera phrygia), July
2015 – Department of the Environment)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Swift Parrot (Lathamus discolor) Recovery Plan, 2001 - Tasmanian
Department of Primary Industries Water & Environment
Blue, Fin & Sei Whale Recovery Plan, 2005-2010 – Department of
Environment and Heritage.
National Recovery Plan for Microtis angusii, 2010 - Department of
Environment, Climate Change and Water
National Recovery Plan for the wallum sedgefrog and other wallumdependent frog species, 2006 – State of Queensland Environmental
Protection Agency
National Recovery Plan for the Thick-lip Spider Orchid Caladenia tessellata,
July 2010 – State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment
National recovery plan for Magenta Lilly Pilly (Syzygium paniculatum), 2012 NSW Office of Environment and Heritage
National Recovery Plan for the Grey Nurse Shark, (Carcharias taurus), 2014 Department of the Environment
National Recovery Plan for the Spotted-tailed Quoll Dasyurus maculatus, May
2016 - Victorian Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning
Blue Whale Conservation Management Plan: a Recovery Plan under the
Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999, 2015 –
Department of the Environment
List of Relevant Federal Threat Abatement Plans
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Beak and feather disease affecting endangered psittacine species (2005)
Competition and land degradation by unmanaged goats (2008)
Competition and land degradation by rabbits (2008)
Incidental catch or by catch of seabirds during longline fishing operations
(2006)
Infection of amphibians with chytrid fungus resulting in chytridiomycosis
(2006)
Predation by European red fox (2008)
Predation by Feral cats (2015)
•
•
•
•
•
Predation, habitat degradation, competition and disease transmission by
feral pigs (2005)
Disease in natural ecosystems caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi (2014)
Impacts on marine debris on vertebrate marine life (2009)
Biological effects, including lethal toxic ingestion, caused by Cane Toads
(2011)
Threat abatement plan for the incidental catch (or bycatch) of seabirds
during oceanic longline fishing operations (2014)
Species known or likely to occur in Lake Macquarie which are listed as
threatened under the Fisheries Management Act 1994.
Schedule IA – Critically Endangered
SPECIES PRESUMED EXTINCT
FISH
Green Sawfish
Pristis zijsron
V
CRITICALLY ENDANGERED SPECIES
BIRDS
Grey Nurse Shark
Carcharias taurus
*
CE
Posidonia australis in Lake Macquarie
*
E
*
V,B
ENDANGERED POPULATION
Strap weed in Lake Macquarie
ENDANGERED SPECIES
FISH
Southern Bluefin Tuna (oceanic continental
shelf waters offshore of LGA)
INSECT
Adams Emerald Dragonfly
Thunnus maccoyii
Archaeophya adamsi
VULNERABLE SPECIES
FISH
Great White Shark
Carcharodon carcharias
Black (Rock) Cod
Epinephelus daemelii
V
Key Threatening Processes listed under the Fisheries Management Act
1994
1. The introduction of fish to fresh waters within a river catchment outside their
natural range
2. The removal of large woody debris
3. The degradation of native riparian vegetation along NSW water courses
4. The installation and operation of instream structures and other mechanisms
that alter natural flow regimes of rivers and streams.
5. Shark meshing program
6. Hook and Line Fishing in areas important for the survival of threatened fish
species
7. The introduction of non-indigenous fish and marine vegetation to the coastal
waters of NSW
8. Human-caused Climate Change
List of Relevant Recovery Plans under the Fisheries Management Act 1994
•
Draft recovery Plan Grey Nurse Shark (Carcharias taurus) (2002)
(replaced by National Recovery Plan for the Grey Nurse Shark, (Carcharias taurus), 2014 Department of the Environment)
•
Final Recovery Plan Black Cod (Epinephelus daemelii) (January 2011, Fisheries
Conservation and Aquaculture Branch Port Stephens Fisheries Institute)
List of Relevant Threat Abatement Plans under the Fisheries Management
Act 1994
•
Removal of large woody debris from NSW rivers and streams (July 2007)