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© www.rubytuesdaybooks.com/scienceKS1 Your Heart, Lungs and Blood This resource has been prepared for teachers who are teaching young students about their hearts, lungs and blood. 1 Puffing and Panting When you’re running a race, your brain tells your muscles to move your bones fast! You won’t get very far, though, unless you can breathe. To create energy, your muscles and other body parts need a gas called oxygen. You take in oxygen when you breathe in air through your nose and mouth. The faster you run, the more oxygen your body needs to create energy. So your brain tells you to breathe faster and faster until you are puffing and panting! Air Inside a lung Your blood carries the oxygen to every part of your body where it is needed. Windpipe Air rushes from your nose and mouth down your windpipe into your lungs. How does oxygen get into your body? In your lungs, oxygen is absorbed, or soaked up, into your blood. Lung As blood flows through your body, it also collects a gas called carbon dioxide. This gas is poisonous to your body. Your blood carries this gas to your lungs. You then use your lungs to breathe the gas out. 2 Your Beating Heart At the end of a race, you will probably feel your heart beating fast. Why? It’s your heart’s job to pump, or push, your blood around your body. Then your blood can carry oxygen from your lungs to your muscles and other body parts. Your heart usually beats, and pumps, about 80 times each minute. When you do exercise, it must beat faster to deliver more oxygen to make more energy. That’s why when you move around fast, your heart beats fast, too. Your blood has many important jobs to do. For example, it delivers nutrients from your food to where they are needed in your body. Together, nutrients and oxygen give you energy. Vein Heart Artery Your blood travels around your body through thousands of kilometres of tubes called veins and arteries. 3 The main ingredient in your blood is a watery liquid called plasma. White blood cells Red blood cells Your blood also contains red blood cells and white blood cells. What Is Blood Made Of? Inside a blood vessel Your white blood cells attack germs and help you fight illnesses. d blo od cell Oxygen Re Red blood cells deliver oxygen to cells that need it. 4