Download planet earth

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CONTENTS AND RESOURCES
PLANET EARTH
CONTENTS
FIND OUT ABOUT
• The Earth and the Solar System
• Rotation and revolution of the Earth
• The consequences of the Earth’s movements
• Representations of the Earth
• Types of maps
• The use of scale on maps
• The geographic coordinates
KNOW HOW TO
• Differentiate between topographic and thematic maps
• Locate a place on a map
• Calculate distances using map scale
• Interpret a map of time zones
• Use appropriate language to give directions
BE ABLE TO
• Identify the place of the Earth in the Solar System
• Understand how our perceptions of the Earth have been changed
by space technology
• Discuss the conditions in which life is possible
• Think about the use of both exact and approximate figures in referring
to the geographic coordinates
• Reflect on how, and when, we use paper maps and electronic devices
to establish direction
• Understand the significance of time zones around the world
RESOURCES
Reinforcement and extension
Digital resources
• The geographic coordinates
• Libromedia. Planet Earth
• The Earth and the Solar System
• The movement of the Earth
Audio
• Representations of the Earth
• Track 1: pp. 6-7, 'I see Earth!' (students and teachers)
• Map projections
• Track 2: p. 9, activity 5 (students and teachers)
• Track 3: p. 18, activity 3 (students and teachers)
Assessment
• Track 4: p. 21, 'Time zones' (teachers)
• Test of Unit 1
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GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY 1. Photocopiable material © Santillana Educación, S. L.
REINFORCEMENT
SHEET
1. PLANET EARTH
1
Name:
1
Course:
Date:
Write the geographic coordinates.
A. D. B. E. C. F. 10º
20º
0º
20º
10º
30º
40º
50º
•D
30º
30º
•C
20º
20º
F•
•A
10º
10º
0º
0º
•B
10º
10º
20º
20º
•E
Scale
0
30º
455
kilometres
30º
10º
0º
10º
GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY 1. Photocopiable material © Santillana Educación, S. L.
20º
30º
40º
50º
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SHEET
REINFORCEMENT
1. PLANET EARTH
2
Name:
1
Course:
Date:
Complete the representation of the Solar System following these indications:
• Circle the planet Earth.
• Label the four planets closest to the Sun with their names in red.
• Label the four planets furthest from the Sun with their names in blue.
• One of these astronomical bodies is not a planet. (It is the dwarf planet Pluto.) Which one is it?
2
3
Tick (✓) the factors that make life possible on Earth.
The right temperature
The planets
Water
The atmosphere
Are the following sentences True (T) or False (F)? Correct the false sentences in your notebook.
a. The Earth is the right distance from the Sun to experience moderate temperatures. b. Water is found in the lithosphere and is essential to all life forms. c. The atmosphere is the layer of gases surrounding the Earth. d. The biosphere is the solid outer layer of the Earth. 4
Look at the photo. Write the letters and complete the sentences.
The
is the layer of gases surrounding the Earth.
It consists of C
The
is all the Earth’s water.
A
It consists of The
It consists of is the solid outer layer of the Earth.
B
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GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY 1. Photocopiable material © Santillana Educación, S. L.
SHEET
REINFORCEMENT
1. PLANET EARTH
3
Name:
Course:
1
Date:
Look at the illustration and answer the questions.
a. What movement is shown?
b. How long does it take?
c. What consequences does it have?
2
Label the illustration with the following words:
• South pole • night • day
3
• North pole
• axis of rotation Now draw the other movement of the Earth and label it.
a.How long does the Earth take to complete this movement? b. Why are the seasons reversed in each hemisphere? GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY 1. Photocopiable material © Santillana Educación, S. L.
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REINFORCEMENT AND EXTENSION
SHEET
1. PLANET EARTH
4
Name:
1
Course:
Date:
Write the names of the meridians and parallels in the correct place. Colour the western and eastern hemispheres
in different colours.
...........
.................
.................
.................
.............................
......................
..................
.................
...........
2
..............
................... .......
.......................
......
......
...................
Compare the satellite photograph below to the map and answer the questions in your notebook.
.......................
a.Can you see many details in the satellite photo or does it just give a general view? What relief
features
can you see?
......
......................
..........................
...........................
..........................
.....................
b.Is the map identical to the aerial photo? Do you think satellite photos are useful to make maps?
B
A
.............
CE
PACIFIC O
...........................
CANADA
UNITED STATES
AN
A TL A NTIC
O CEA N
............................
MEXICO
............
..................
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GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY 1. Photocopiable material © Santillana Educación, S. L.
SHEET
EXTENSION
1. PLANET EARTH
5
Name:
1
Course:
Date:
How can we represent a sphere like the Earth on the flat surface of a map with little distortion?
Investigate map projections on the Internet and answer the questions below.
a.Why do the three projections in the illustrations work better for some regions than for others? Which is the most
useful one for representing Antarctica? Why?
Cylindrical projection
This projection has the shape
of an imaginary cylinder which
is placed vertically north-south
around the Earth and then
opened up.
It stretches eastwest and provides
a good projection
of the equatorial
and tropical zones.
➞
Conical projection
➞
This is a good way
Meridians are mapped along
of representing the
equally spaced vertical lines
region between the
descending from the top of
tropics and the polar
an imaginary cone. Parallels are
circles.
505399_06_125b_b p cilindrica 505399_06_125b_b p cilindrica
traced along circular arcs running
horizontally around the cone.
Azimuthal projection
Radial lines are mapped on
an imaginary plane, which is
tangent to the Earth. One of
the poles is its central point.
➞
This projection
provides the best
505399_06_125b_d p cónica
representation of
the polar regions.
505399_06_125b_e p cónica
b. What are the Mercator and Peters projections? Investigate and write an explanation of the differences between them.
505399_06_125b_f acimutal
505399_06_125b_e acimutal
c.Find three illustrations of map projections on the Internet and explain them to your classmates.
Discuss why they were made, how they are used and how distorted they are.
GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY 1. Photocopiable material © Santillana Educación, S. L.
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1
ASSESSMENT
Name:
1
Course:
Date:
Explain the difference between the following terms:
• Solstice and equinox: • Parallel and meridian: 2
What conditions make life possible on Earth?
3
Complete the table on the three parts of the Earth’s outer structure.
C
Letter
Name
Characteristics
A
B
A
B
C
4
Atmosphere.
Describe the Earth’s two types of movement.
• Rotation: • Revolution: 22
GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY 1. Photocopiable material © Santillana Educación, S. L.
1. PLANET EARTH
5
Study the map and calculate the distance between the cities.
Cities
Distance
Cities
Distance
Madrid-Moscow
London-Rome
Rome-Berlin
Madrid-Berlin
FEDERACIÓN DE RUSIA
Moscow
Scale
0
280
kilometres
50º
Berlin
London
Madrid
Rome
40º
10º
6
0º
50º
10º
30º
20º
Study the map above and write the approximate geographic coordinates of the following cities.
a.London c.Berlin b.Madrid d.Rome 561819_01_p25_a_politico_Europa_GEODOS
e.Moscow 7
Which meridian or parallel does each letter indicate?
a
Meridian or parallel
A
c
B
C
f
e
D
d
E
F
GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY 1. Photocopiable material © Santillana Educación, S. L.
b
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