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Name: ___________________________________________________ Period: ________________________________ ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY MID TERM EXAM REVIEW SHEET CHAPTERS 1 & 2: 1. Using a renewable resource or a nonrenewable resource: Mining copper _______________________________ Burning coal in a power plant _______________________________ Filling a car with gasoline _______________________________ Building wooden furniture _______________________________ 2. Which time period? Hunter-gatherers, agricultural revolution, industrial revolution Overhunting of large mammals _______________________________ Growth of cities _______________________________ Shift in the use of fossil fuels _______________________________ Improved quality of life _______________________________ Plants & animals were domesticated _______________________________ most of today’s environmental problems began _______________________________ 3. The 4 steps of the decision-making model: 4. When building a dam, which values are you considering when asking the following questions: Is it right to build a dam here? How many jobs will building the dam generate? _______________________________ Will the dam provide new leisure activities? _______________________________ _______________________________ 5. Developed or developing nation? United States _____________________________ Ethiopia _____________________________ Britain _____________________________ Canada _____________________________ Indonesia _____________________________ France _____________________________ India _____________________________ 6. _________________________________________Amount of land & ocean area needed to support one person. 7. _________________________________________Characterized by the indefinite existence of human populations in a healthy & prosperous condition. 8. _______________________________Would occur if supply of oil declined & the demand remained the same. 9. _______________________________ “Tragedy of the Commons” addresses the conflicts with protecting what? 10. _____________________________________Listing both the merits and expenses involved in implementing a particular environmental solution 11. Why is the ecological footprint left by a citizen of a developed nation larger than that left by a citizen of a developing nation? CHAPTER 11 1. _____________________________The introduction of anything into water that degrades the water quality. 2. _______________________________________________Location of most of Earth’s fresh water 3. ____________________________________ A large area of land that is drained by a river. 4. ____________________________________ An artificial lake created by building a dam. 5. ____________________________________ An underground rock formation that holds water. 6. _____________________________ A hole that is dug or drilled to reach groundwater. 7. _____________________________ Term for water that is safe to drink. 8. What is the relationship between surface water & groundwater? _______________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. __________________________________What is added to water during the treatment process to kill bacteria? 10. What does the 1990 Oil Pollution Act require of all tankers traveling in U.S. waters? ________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 11. What has been done to make areas without adequate fresh water habitable? _____________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12. ____________________________________________Where do most of the pollutants in the ocean come from? 13. ________________________________________________________What is the largest watershed in the U.S.? 14. _____________________________________________ Term for lakes, rivers, and streams (type of fresh water). 15. How is fresh water used in industry? _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 16. What is the cheapest way to provide everyone with more fresh water? __________________________________ 17. Point- or nonpoint- source of pollution: a. Unlined landfill - _____________________________ b. Leaking oil tanker - _____________________________ c. runoff from agricultural feedlots - _____________________________ d. polluted wastewater from a chemical plant - _____________________________ e. leaking gasoline tank at a gas station - _____________________________ 18. Name 3 ways to conserve water at home. _________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ CHAPTER 12 1. _______________________________ Used to remove poisonous gases from industry emissions before they’re released. 2. Which building would most likely have poor indoor air quality: one that is tightly sealed and air-conditioned OR one in an urban area where windows are often open? 3. Rain with a pH below 5.0 is considered what? _____________________________________________________ 4. _____________________________Pollutant that forms when automobile emissions react with oxygen gas and UV rays. 5. Activities such as construction and agriculture are primary sources of: __________________________________ 6. One way radon and asbestos are similar is that they: _______________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 7. What is most air pollution produced from? ________________________________________________________ 8. What is one way light pollution can be decreased from billboards and signs? _____________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. Most of the sulfur dioxide that pollutes the air is produced by what? ____________________________________ 10. What hazardous substance have schools spent over $40 billion to remove? ______________________________ 11. Where does most of the pollution that causes acid rain in southeastern Canada come from? _________________ ________________________________________________ 12. Primary or secondary pollutant: a. Emissions in car exhaust - __________________________________ b. Sulfur dioxide created when electrical power is generated - __________________________________ c. VOCs released by a dry cleaner - __________________________________ d. Smog formed in the presence of sunlight - __________________________________ 13. Describe how temperature inversions work to trap pollution. 14. Name and describe three effects of air pollution on human health. 15. What can you do to reduce air pollution? CHAPTER 13 1. ______________________________________The process by which the atmosphere traps heat that is radiated from Earth’s surface. 2. ______________________________________The term for a predicted increase in Earth’s average temperature caused by human activities & the subsequent release of gases like carbon dioxide. 3. ____________________________________The name for the gases that trap heat that is radiated upward from Earth. 4. __________________________________ Which molecules contain chlorine that can destroy ozone molecules? 5. What damage can UV radiation do to humans? ____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. What is the main cause of acid rain? ___________________________________________________________ 7. True or False - “The thinning of the ozone layer….” a. Occurs over both polar regions. - _____________________________ b. Will take many years to reverse. - _____________________________ c. Is related to seasonal changes. - _____________________________ 8. What happens as the amount of ozone in the stratosphere decreases? __________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. _______________________________________________An international agreement that limits CFC production. 10. __________________________________________ The gas that is most responsible for the greenhouse effect. 11. How is today’s global warming different than Earth’s previous climate changes? ___________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ 12. Will the following increase or decrease as global temperatures continue to rise? a. Sea level - _____________________________ b. Polar ice mass - _____________________________ c. Frequency of major storms & droughts - _____________________________