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Chapter 20, Section 1 Pages 680-685 Alaska/Turner Thesis -Russia sells Alaska to U.S. for $7.2 million in Notes Mrs. Rapier-Chismar Japan/Expansionist Mood -Japan blocks trade for 250 years 1867 -1853 Matthew C. Perry sails to Japan and the Pacific -Japan was impressed with Perry's Warships as a frozen wasteland -Japan sets out to industrialize their nation -Secretary of State William Seward supported the presents the Japanese with a letter demanding purchase of Alaska as a stepping stone to trade in Japan open trade with he U.S. -Called "Seward's Folly" and "Seward's Icebox" by and opens trade with the U.S. with the Treaty of Americans who opposed the purchase and saw it Kanagawa (1854) -Alaska turns out to be full of resources, including -Until the late 1800s, the U.S. followed a policy of isolationism gold (Klondike Gold Rush) -Frederick Jackson Turner writes a thesis stating -Late 1800s Americans embark on a Manifest that the western frontier defined American history Destiny that required overseas expansion -Promoted overseas expansion -New approach to Manifest Destiny promoted China Promoting Economic Growth-Samoa grant them land and trading rights not want to be closed out of global markets due to -European powers and Japan force China to -1899 Secretary of State John Hay calls for European powers and Japan to keep an "open door" in China-allowing all nations equal trade in China ( Open Door Policy) U.S. economic growth overseas -U.S. needs new markets for its goods and does European imperialism -Alfred T. Mahan argued that the prosperity of the U.S. depended on trade and in order to increase trade, a strong navy was needed to protect -Chinese who were opposed to foreign influence American foreign markets Fists (Boxers) Christian missionaries established the Righteous and Harmonious -1900-Boxers lead a rebellion that led to the deaths of many westerners and Chinese Christians -Racism played a part in overseas expansion and -Samoa -chain of islands in the Pacific -Britain, Germany, and U.S. all want access tot the Samoan Islands and send warships, creating a -Many foreigners sought protection inside tense environment -Western nations sent in troops to put down averts war Beijing the rebellion -John Hay reissues the Open Door Policy after the rebellion to encourage foreign nations from dividing up China into separate territories -A major typhoon damages many warships and -1899-U.S. and Germany divide the Samoan Islands between themselves with no say from the natives of Samoa Hawaii -U. S. sees Hawaii as a potential military and commercial outpost -1820 American missionaries arrive in Hawaii, followed later by Americans who set up sugar plantations -1887 American planters force Kalakaua (HI king) to accept a new constitution that gave the planters more power -1891 Queen Liliuokalani refused to recognize the 1887 constitution which leads American planters to form an uprising and convince a U.S. official to land 50 U.S. Marines in HI-ends queen's resistance to the constitution -President Cleveland refuses to annex HI (rebellion was illegal) -Under McKinley, the U.S. annexes HI on 7-7-1898
