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South Hackensack Middle School Curriculum Content Area: Social Studies Course Title: U.S. History – Colonization, Revolution, and the Constitution The World before the Opening of the Atlantic New Empires in the Americas Grade Level: 7th 20-24 days 20-24 days The English Colonies 20-24 days The American Revolution 20-24 days Forming a Government Citizenship and the Constitution 20-24 days 20-24 days Launching the Nation 20-24 days The Jefferson Era 20-24 days Date Revised: July 2015 Board Approved on: August 20, 2015 SOUTH HACKENSACK MIDDLE SCHOOL CURRICULUM Content Area: Social Studies Unit Title: UNIT 1 - The World before the Opening of the Atlantic, Beginnings-1500 Target Course/Grade Level: 7th grade Projected Target: 20-24 days Unit Summary – Many scholars believed humans migrated to the Americas across a land bridge from Asia during the last Ice Age. Native American societies developed across Mesoamerica and South America, while diverse cultures developed across North America. Increased trade, including slave trade, helped West African kingdoms gain power. A surge in trade and new ideas also had a dramatic impact on Europe. Primary interdisciplinary connections: Language Arts, Math, Computers, Art, Science 21st Century Themes: Global Awareness Use 21st century skills to understand and address global issues. Learn from and work collaboratively with individuals representing diverse cultures, religions and lifestyles in a spirit of mutual respect and open dialogue in personal, work and community contexts. Understanding other nations and cultures, including the use of Non-English languages Environmental Literacy Demonstrate a knowledge and understanding of society's impact on the natural world Civic Literacy Participating effectively in civic life through knowing how to stay informed and understanding government processes. 21st Century Skills: 9.1.8.B.1 – Use multiple points of view to create alternative solutions 9.1.8.C.2 – Demonstrate use of compromise, consensus, and community building strategies for carrying out different tasks, assignments and projects Technology: 8.1 Educational Technology – All students will use digital tools to access, manage, evaluate, and synthesize information in order to solve problems individually and collaboratively to create and communicate knowledge. 8.1.8.A.5 – Select and use appropriate tools and digital resources to accomplish a variety of tasks and to solve problems. Learning Targets Common Core Standards RH.6-8.4 Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including vocabulary specific to domains related to history/social studies. RH.6-8.5 Describe how a text presents information (e.g., sequentially, comparatively, causally). RH.6-8.7 Integrate visual information (e.g., in charts, graphs, photographs, videos, or maps) with other information in print and digital texts. WHST.6-8.1b Support claim(s) with logical reasoning and relevant, accurate data and evidence that demonstrate an understanding of the topic or text, using credible sources. WHST.6-8.9 Draw evidence from informational texts to support analysis reflection, and research. WHST.6-8.10 Write routinely over extended time frames (time for reflection and revision) and shorter time frames (a single sitting or a day or two) for a range of discipline-specific tasks, purposes, and audience Content Statements • Indigenous societies in the Western Hemisphere migrated and changed in response to the physical environment and due to their interactions with Europeans. • European exploration expanded global economic and cultural exchange into the Western • European exploration expanded global economic and cultural exchange into the Western Hemisphere. CPI # Cumulative Progress Indicator (CPI) 6.1.8.A.1.a Compare and contrast forms of governance, belief systems, and family structures among African, American groups. 6.1.8.B.1.a DescribeEuropean, migration and and Native settlement patterns of Native American groups, and explain how these patterns affected interactions in different regions of the Hemisphere. 6.1.8.C.1.b Western Explain why individuals and societies trade, how trade functions, and the role of trade during this period. 6.1.8.D.1.a Compare and contrast gender roles, religion, values, cultural practices, and political systems of Native American groups. 6.1.8.D.1.b Explain how interactions among African, European, and Native American groups began a cultural transformation. 6.1.8.B.2.b Compare and contrast how the search for natural resources resulted in conflict and cooperation among European colonists and Native American groups in the World. Analyze the power struggle among European countries, and determine its 6.1.8.D.2.a New impact on people living in Europe and the Americas. 6.1.8.D.2.b Compare and contrast the voluntary and involuntary migratory experiences of different groups of people, and explain why their experiences differed. Unit Essential Questions Unit Enduring Understandings Native American societies developed across How did American, African, and European cultures differ from one another Mesoamerica and South America. before 1500? Many diverse Native American cultures How were the Aztecs and Incas similar? developed across the different geographic regions of North America. What different methods did Native American groups of the Southwest use to Using trade to gain wealth, Ghana, Mali, adapt to their dry climate? and Songhai were West Africa’s most powerful kingdoms. How did Europeans change life in the New ideas and trade changed Europeans’ lives. Americas? Unit Learning Targets Students will learn ... • Label a world map & key countries involved in early exploration • Compare and contrast forms of government, belief systems, and family structures among the Aztecs, Incas, & Mayas • Discuss how trade linked Europe, Africa, & Asia • Identify the origins of the Age of Exploration, tying in the Crusades, Renaissance, & Protestant Reformation • Create a timeline for European Exploration • Read and analyze primary source documents from various explorers • Identify new technologies that helped with exploration • Create a chart classifying explorers & their accomplishments • Use maps to trace the routes of the explorers & explain their interaction with other cultures Key Vocabulary migration hunter-gatherer culture pueblos kivas totems teepees hajj mosques reason democracy knights join-stock companies Writing Activities Daily “Do Now’s” Travelogue: A travelogue allows people who did not make the trip to experience some of the same sights, sounds, and thoughts that the traveler did. Write a travelogue after reading each section, describing what a place in one of those regions might have been like. Differentiation At Risk RAFT Assignments Provide choices and private space Graphic Organizer for North American Exploration “Turn and talk” summaries of sections Special Education Extended time for testing Errorless learning i.e. test correction opportunities Provide copy of notes Open book assessment Preferential seating Provide word bank In‐class support Enrichment Student debate over the treatment of Native Americans throughout American history. Research more information about the main ideas of Greek philosophers, Plato, Socrates, and Aristotle. ELL Reading Study Guides. Feudalism graphic organizer chart. Flash Cards Evidence of Learning Summative Assessment Quarterlies Unit and Chapter Tests Travelogue Writing Assignment Equipment needed: LCD Projector Poster board/Markers/White board Textbooks Computer/speakers Teacher Resources: Holt McDougal: United States History Various Authors: Junior Scholastic Magazine Formative Assessments Exit Tickets Do Now’s Lesson Quizzes Notebook Checks Lesson Plans Lesson Chapter 1 Lesson 1 The Earliest Americans Chapter 1 Lesson 2 Native American Cultures Chapter 1 Lesson 3 Trading Kingdoms of West Africa Chapter 1 Lesson 4 Europe before Transatlantic Travel Teacher Notes: Curriculum Development Resources Past Curriculum Guides Holt McDougal: United States History Teacher’s Edition Internet Resources Common Core/NJCCCS Timeframe 5-6 days 5-6 days 5-6 days 5-6 days SOUTH HACKENSACK MIDDLE SCHOOL CURRICULUM Content Area: Social Studies Unit Title: UNIT 2 - New Empires in the Americas Target Course/Grade Level: 7th grade Progress Target: 20-24 days Unit Summary – The Portuguese ushered in an era of exploration in the 1400s. This was followed by Christopher Columbus’ voyages, which paved the way for other explorers to sail the Americas. As the Spanish established a large empire in the Americas, other European nations challenged Spain’s dominance. Between the 1520s and 1860s, about 12 million enslaved Africans were shipped across the Atlantic where Europeans forced them to work in their newly formed colonies. Primary interdisciplinary connections: Language Arts, Math, Computers, Art, Science 21st Century Themes: Global Awareness Use 21st century skills to understand and address global issues. Learn from and work collaboratively with individuals representing diverse cultures, religions and lifestyles in a spirit of mutual respect and open dialogue in personal, work and community contexts. Environmental Literacy Demonstrate a knowledge and understanding of society's impact on the natural world Civic Literacy Participating effectively in civic life through knowing how to stay informed and understanding government processes. 21st Century Skills: 9.1.8.F.3 – Relate the use of new of technologies at home, in the workplace, and in other settings to incidences of ethical and/or unethical behavior Technology: 8.1 Educational Technology – All students will use digital tools to access, manage, evaluate, and synthesize information in order to solve problems individually and collaboratively to create and communicate knowledge. 8.1.8.A.5 – Select and use appropriate tools and digital resources to accomplish a variety of tasks and to solve problems. Learning Targets Common Core Standards RH.6-8.4 Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including vocabulary specific to domains related to history/social studies. RH.6-8.5 Describe how a text presents information (e.g., sequentially, comparatively, causally). RH.6-8.8 Distinguish among fact, opinion, and reasoned judgment in a text. WHST.6-8.1b Support claim(s) with logical reasoning and relevant, accurate data and evidence that demonstrate an understanding of the topic or text, using credible sources. WHST.6-8.9 Draw evidence from informational texts to support analysis reflection, and research. WHST.6-8.10 Write routinely over extended time frames (time for reflection and revision) and shorter time frames (a single sitting or a day or two) for a range of discipline-specific tasks, purposes, and audiences. Content Statements The colonists adapted ideas from their European heritage and from Native American groups to develop new political and religious institutions and economic systems. The slave labor system and the loss of Native American lives had a lasting impact on the development of the United States and American culture. CPI # 6.1.8.A.1.a Cumulative Progress Indicator (CPI) Compare and contrast forms of governance, belief systems, and family structures among African, American groups. 6.1.8.B.1.a DescribeEuropean, migration and and Native settlement patterns of Native American groups, and explain how these patterns affected interactions in different regions of the Westernwhy Hemisphere. 6.1.8.C.1.b Explain individuals and societies trade, how trade functions, and the role of trade during this period. 6.1.8.D.1.a Compare and contrast gender roles, religion, values, cultural practices, and political systems of Native American groups. 6.1.8.D.1.b Explain how interactions among African, European, and Native American groups began a cultural transformation. 6.1.8.B.2.b Compare and contrast how the search for natural resources resulted in conflict and cooperation among European colonists and Native American groups in the World. Analyze the power struggle among European countries, and determine its 6.1.8.D.2.a New impact on people living in Europe and the Americas. 6.1.8.D.2.b Compare and contrast the voluntary and involuntary migratory experiences of different groups of people, and explain why their experiences differed. Unit Essential Questions Unit Enduring Understandings How did the slave trade affect West Africa? Europeans explored the world, searching for new lands and new trade routes. How did Columbus’ voyage lead to a Christopher Columbus’ voyage led to dispute between Spain and Portugal? new exchanges between Europe, Africa, How did the Columbian Exchange and the and the Americas. slave trade affect the economies and the people of Europe, Africa, and the Americas? Spain established a large empire in the Americas. Why do you think the King of Spain commanded Catholic priests to teach Other European nations challenged Spain in the Americas. Native Americans about Christianity? Europeans forced millions of African Which European empire in North slaves to work in their colonies. America do you think was most successful? Why were African slaves who came from different cultures and spoke different languages, able to form an African American culture? Unit Learning Targets Vikings were skilled sailors, and they were the first Europeans to reach North America. Prince Henry the Navigator established a school for sailors and provided financial support to the Portuguese, who sailed around Africa and found a sea route to Asia. Christopher Columbus sailed across the Atlantic and reached a continent that was previously unknown to him, leading other explorers to sail to the Americas as well. Spanish conquistadors conquered the Aztec and Inca empires, and treated these people harshly by forcing them to work on plantations and in mines, European nations and explorers raced to establish empires in North America, and searched for a Northwest Passage to the Pacific Ocean. When European diseases wiped out much of the Native American population, the colonists looked for another labor source. Europeans enslaved millions of Africans and sent them to work in their colonies, who developed a distinct culture. Key Vocabulary astrolabe caravels Line of Demarcation circumnavigate Columbian Exchange conquistadors encomienda system plantations Protestants charter Northwest Passage Spanish armada immune Middle Passage African Diaspora Writing Activities Daily “Do Now’s” Descriptive writing assignment: Imagine you are a Native American, looking at Columbus’ boat on the horizon. What is going through your mind? Expository writing: Write a diary entry from both an Aztec and Inca perspective. Linking to Today: Compare European adventures to that of present day humans who wish to explore Mars one day. Persuasive writing: Write a letter inviting people, such as mapmakers and shipbuilders, to move to Portugal to teach. Include offers of financial assistance to conduct research on oceanic navigation. Differentiation At Risk RAFT Assignments and Vocabulary Word Maps “Turn and talk” summaries of sections Modified assessments Special Education Extended time for testing and errorless learning i.e. test correction opportunities Provide copy of notes and word bank Open book assessment Preferential seating and In‐class support Enrichment Student debate over the treatment of Native Americans throughout American history. Research more information about the main ideas of Greek philosophers, Plato, Socrates, and Aristotle. ELL Create an illustrated guide to the Middle Passage Reading Study Guides. North American Exploration graphic organizer, page 49. Evidence of Learning Summative Assessment Quarterlies Unit and Chapter Tests Diary entry project on experiences through the Middle Passage Opinion paper: Should we still celebrate Columbus Day in America? Equipment needed: LCD Projector Poster board/Markers/White board Textbooks Computer/speakers Teacher Resources: Holt McDougal: United States History Columbus Diary Entries Formative Assessments Exit Tickets Do Now’s Lesson Quizzes Notebook Checks Lesson Plans Lesson Chapter 2 Lesson 1 Europeans Set Sail Chapter 2 Lesson 2 Europeans Reach the Americas Chapter 2 Lesson 3 Spain Builds an Empire Chapter 2 Lesson 4 The Race for Empires Chapter 2 Lesson 5 Beginnings of Slavery in the Americas Teacher Notes: Curriculum Development Resources Past Curriculum Guides Holt McDougal: United States History Teacher’s Edition Internet Resources Common Core/NJCCCS Timeframe 4 days 4-5 days 4-5 days 4-5 days 4-5 days SOUTH HACKENSACK MIDDLE SCHOOL CURRICULUM Content Area: Social Studies Unit Title: UNIT 3 - The English Colonies Target Course/Grade Level: 7th grade Projected Target: 20-24 days Unit Summary – In 1607 a group of colonists established the first permanent English settlement in North America. Hoping to gain religious freedom. English colonists began to establish settlements along the Atlantic Coast. Varied ways of life developed in these colonies as settlers adapted to different environments. English settlers came into conflict with Native Americans and the French, causing the French and Indian War, which Great Britain won in 1763. Colonists were angered when they were expected to pay taxes to pay for the war, and they began to protest British laws. Primary interdisciplinary connections: Language Arts, Math, Computers, Art, Science 21st Century Themes: Global Awareness Use 21st century skills to understand and address global issues. Learn from and work collaboratively with individuals representing diverse cultures, religions and lifestyles in a spirit of mutual respect and open dialogue in personal, work and community contexts. Understanding other nations and cultures, including the use of Non-English languages Civic Literacy Participating effectively in civic life through knowing how to stay informed and understanding government processes. 21st Century Themes: 9.1.8.B.1 – Use multiple points of view to create alternative solutions Technology: 8.1 Educational Technology – All students will use digital tools to access, manage, evaluate, and synthesize information in order to solve problems individually and collaboratively to create and communicate knowledge. 8.1.8.A.5 – Select and use appropriate tools and digital resources to accomplish a variety of tasks and to solve problems. Learning Targets Common Core Standards RH.6-8.4 Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including vocabulary specific to domains related to history/social studies. RH.6-8.5 Describe how a text presents information (e.g., sequentially, comparatively, causally). RH.6-8.7 Integrate visual information (e.g., in charts, graphs, photographs, videos, or maps) with other information in print and digital texts. RH.6-8.8 Distinguish among fact, opinion, and reasoned judgment in a text. WHST.6-8.1b Support claim(s) with logical reasoning and relevant, accurate data and evidence that demonstrate an understanding of the topic or text, using credible sources. WHST.6-8.9 Draw evidence from informational texts to support analysis reflection, and research. WHST.6-8.10 Write routinely over extended time frames (time for reflection and revision) and shorter time frames (a single sitting or a day or two) for a range of discipline-specific tasks, purposes, and audiences. Content Statements Disputes over political authority and economic issues contributed to a movement for independence in the colonies. CPI # 6.1.8.A.2.a Cumulative Progress Indicator (CPI) Determine the roles of religious freedom and participatory government in various North colonies. 6.1.8.A.2.b American Explain how and why early government structures developed, and determine the impact of these early structures on theand evolution of American and and institutions. 6.1.8.A.2.c Explain how race, gender, status affected social,politics economic, political opportunities during Colonial times. 6.1.8.B.2.a Determine factors that impacted emigration, settlement patterns, and regional identities of the colonies. 6.1.8.B.2.b Compare and contrast how the search for natural resources resulted in conflict and cooperation among European colonists and Native American groups in the New World.slavery and indentured servitude to Colonial labor systems. 6.1.8.C.2.a Relate 6.1.8.C.2.b Explain the system of mercantilism and its impact on the economies of the colonies and Europeanthe countries. 6.1.8.C.2.c Analyze impact of triangular trade on multiple nations and groups. Unit Essential Questions Unit Enduring Understandings What events led to a conflict between Despite a difficult beginning, the Southern colonies soon flourished. the Jamestown settlers and the Powhatan Confederacy? English colonists traveled to New England to gain religious freedom. Why were slaves in high demand in the Southern colonies? People from many nations settled in the Middle colonies. What factors led the Pilgrims to leave England and settle in America? The English colonies continued to grow despite many challenges. How did the climate and terrain of New England make slavery unpopular in this Tensions developed as the British area? government placed tax after tax on the colonies. What led to diverse populations of New York and New Jersey? In what ways were women essential to the middle colonies? How was the Enlightenment similar to the Great Awakening? Defend the British decision to ban colonists from settling on the western frontier. What caused the French and Indian War, and how did it affect North America? Unit Learning Targets What were the causes and significance behind both thefreedom Boston Massacre and Boston Religious and economic opportunities were motives for founding other southern Tea Party? colonies, including Maryland, the Carolinas, and Georgia. Jamestown was the first permanent English settlement, where daily life was challenging towards the beginning of their experiences. Pilgrims and Puritans came to America to avoid religious persecution, and subsequently tied religion and government together in their new colonies. New England economy was based on trade and farming, and there was a strong emphasis on education. The economy of the middle colonies was supported by trade and staple crops. Colonial governments were influenced by political changes in England, while in America the French and Indian War gave England control of more land in North America. British efforts to raise taxes on colonists sparked protests such as the Boston Tea party and led to other incidents such as the Boston Massacre. Key Vocabulary indentured servants slave codes Toleration Act of 1649 Puritans Pilgrims immigrants Mayflower Compact staple crops Quakers town meeting English Bill of Rights triangular trade Great Awakening Enlightenment Stamp Act of 1765 Committees of Correspondence Boston Massacre Boston Tea Party Intolerable Acts Quartering Act Writing Activities Daily “Do Now’s” Expository writing: Write a diary entry comparing experiences of Jamestown settlers. Linking to Today: Compare 21st century protests to the Boston Tea Party and Boston Massacre incidents. Are there any similarities? Persuasive writing: Half the class will write a letter to the King imploring him to end the taxes and why you believe they are unfair, while the other half will write the response, telling the colonists while taxes are necessary. Differentiation At Risk RAFT Assignments Vocabulary Word Maps “Turn and talk” summaries of sections Modified assessments Make your own Mayflower Compact and decide with a partner on ten rules that should be obeyed. List consequences that should occur if those rules are broken Special Education Extended time for testing and errorless learning i.e. test correction opportunities Provide copy of notes and word bank Open book assessment Preferential seating and In‐class support Enrichment Simulate discussion and debate around the Mayflower Compact through a skit. Mock Trial of the Boston Massacre trials involving the defense of British soldiers. Demonstrate how a joint-stock company works. ELL Create an illustrated guide mapping out resources in the New England, Middle, and Southern colonies. Reading Study Guides. Virginia Venn Diagram comparing and contrasting Indentured Servants and Slave Labor. Evidence of Learning Summative Assessment Quarterlies Chapter Tests and Section Quizzes. Create a map of the original Jamestown colony. Write a diary entry from both the Pilgrim’s perspective and Squanto’s perspective. Opinion paper: Should we still celebrate Thanksgiving? Equipment needed: LCD Projector Poster board/Markers/White board Textbooks Computer/speakers Teacher Resources: Holt McDougal: United States History Mayflower Compact Text Formative Assessments Exit Tickets Do Now’s Lesson Quizzes Notebook Checks Lesson Plans Lesson Chapter 3 Lesson 1 The Southern Colonies Chapter 3 Lesson 2 The New England Colonies Chapter 3 Lesson 3 The Middle Colonies Chapter 3 Lesson 4 Life in the English Colonies Chapter 3 Lesson 5 Conflict in the Colonies Teacher Notes: Curriculum Development Resources Past Curriculum Guides Textbook Teacher’s Edition Internet Resources Common Core/NJCCCS Timeframe 4-5 days 4-5 days 4-5 days 4-5 days 4 days SOUTH HACKENSACK MIDDLE SCHOOL CURRICULUM Content Area: Social Studies Unit Title: The American Revolution Target Course/Grade Level: 7th grade Projected Target: 20-24 days Unit Summary – Colonial resentment against Britain increased; shots were fired in April of 1775, starting the Revolutionary War. On July 4th, 1776, the Declaration of Independence was approved. Though they received help from France and Spain, the Patriots faced obstacles in fighting the British. When the war against Britain spread to the South, Americans defeated British forces and gained their independence. Primary interdisciplinary connections: Language Arts, Math, Computers, Art, Science 21st Century Themes: Global Awareness Use 21st century skills to understand and address global issues. Learn from and work collaboratively with individuals representing diverse cultures, religions and lifestyles in a spirit of mutual respect and open dialogue in personal, work and community contexts. Understanding other nations and cultures, including the use of Non-English languages Environmental Literacy Demonstrate a knowledge and understanding of society's impact on the natural world Civic Literacy Participating effectively in civic life through knowing how to stay informed and understanding government processes. 21st Century Skills: 9.1.8.B.1 – Use multiple points of view to create alternative solutions Technology: 8.1 Educational Technology – All students will use digital tools to access, manage, evaluate, and synthesize information in order to solve problems individually and collaboratively to create and communicate knowledge. 8.1.8.A.5 – Select and use appropriate tools and digital resources to accomplish a variety of tasks and to solve problems. Learning Targets Common Core Standards RH.6-8.4 Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including vocabulary specific to domains related to history/social studies. RH.6-8.5 Describe how a text presents information (e.g., sequentially, comparatively, causally). RH.6-8.7 Integrate visual information (e.g., in charts, graphs, photographs, videos, or maps) with other information in print and digital texts. RH.6-8.8 Distinguish among fact, opinion, and reasoned judgment in a text. WHST.6-8.1b Support claim(s) with logical reasoning and relevant, accurate data and evidence that demonstrate an understanding of the topic or text, using credible sources. WHST.6-8.9 Draw evidence from informational texts to support analysis reflection, and research. WHST.6-8.10 Write routinely over extended time frames (time for reflection and revision) and shorter time frames (a single sitting or a day or two) for a range of discipline-specific tasks, purposes, and audiences. Content Statements Disputes over political authority and economic issues contributed to a movement for independence in the colonies. CPI # Cumulative Progress Indicator (CPI) 6.1.8.A.3.a Examine the ideals found in the Declaration of Independence, and assess the extent to which they were fulfilled for women, African Americans, and Native Americans during this time period. 6.1.8.A.3.c Determine the role that compromise played in the creation and adoption of the Constitution and Bill of Rights. 6.1.8.A.3.f Explain how political parties were formed and continue to be shaped by differing perspectives regarding the role and power of federal government. 6.1.8.B.3.a Assess how conflicts and alliances among European countries and Native American groups impacted the expansion of the American colonies. 6.1.8.B.3.c Use maps and other geographic tools to evaluate the impact of geography on the execution and outcome of the American Revolutionary War. 6.1.8.B.3.d Explain why New Jersey’s location played an integral role in the American Revolution. 6.1.8.C.3.b Summarize the effect of inflation and debt on the American people and the response of state and national governments during this time. 6.1.8.D.3.b Explain why the Declaration of Independence was written and how its key principles evolved to become unifying ideas of American democracy. 6.1.8.D.3.c Analyze the impact of George Washington as general of the American revolutionary forces and as the first president of the United States. 6.1.8.D.3.d Analyze how prominent individuals and other nations contributed to the causes, execution, and outcomes of the American Revolution. 6.1.8.D.3.e Examine the roles and perspectives of various socioeconomic groups (e.g., rural farmers, urban craftsmen, northern merchants, and southern planters), African Americans, Native Americans, and women during the American Revolution, and determine how these groups were impacted by the war. 6.1.8.D.3.f Analyze from multiple perspectives how the terms of the Treaty of Paris affected United States relations with Native Americans and with European powers that had territories in North America. Unit Essential Questions How would you evaluate the performance of the Continental Army in the early battles of the war? Defend George III’s response to the Declaration of Rights and the Olive Branch Petition. What arguments did the authors of the Declaration of Independence give for declaring the colonies free from British control? Why did the authors of the Declaration of Independence fail to address the rights of women, Native Americans, and African Americans in the document? Why do you think European nations supported the colonists rather than Great Britain? How might relations between Great Britain and its former colonies be affected by the war? Unit Enduring Understandings The tensions between the colonies and Great Britain led to armed conflict in 1775. The colonies formally declared their independence from Great Britain. Patriot forces faced many obstacles in the war against Britain. The war spread to the southern colonies, where the British were finally defeated. Unit Learning Targets The First Continental Congress demanded certain rights from Great Britain, while the Second Continental Congress created the Continental Army to fight the British when peaceful methods failed. Some colonists were forced to choose sides when independence was declared (Patriots vs. Loyalists) The Declaration of Independence did not address the rights of all the colonists. While the winter of Valley Forge tested the strength of Patriot troops, France and Spain helped the Patriots fight the British. The British and the Americans officially ended the war by signing the Treaty of Paris of 1783. Key Vocabulary First Continental Congress Second Continental Congress Patriots minutemen Redcoats Common Sense Declaration of Independence Loyalists mercenaries Battle of Trenton Battle of Saratoga Battle of Yorktown Treaty of Paris of 1783 Writing Activities Daily “Do Now’s” Expository writing: Write a diary entry by Paul Revere before he made his midnight ride. Choosing Sides Persuasive Writing: Write letters from both Ben Franklin and his son, William Franklin, trying to convince each other to join the Patriots or Loyalists side. Divide the class into groups and have them write sections of Declaration of Independence in modern English. Differentiation At Risk RAFT Assignments Vocabulary Word Maps “Turn and talk” summaries of sections Modified assessments Draw a chart listing the strengths and weaknesses of the Continental Army vs. The British Army Graphic Organizer listing key people/groups and their contributions to helping the Americans win the war, page 131. Special Education Extended time for testing and Errorless learning i.e. test correction opportunities Open book assessment/Provide notes and word bank Preferential seating and In‐class support Enrichment Organize students into small groups and ask them to imagine they are TV reporters covering the announcement of the Declaration of Independence. One group will cover the Colonial stations, and the other will cover the British stations. Each group will create a script for their news report, presenting both major arguments for, and criticisms against the Declaration of Independence. ELL Create posters for Patriot recruitment. Have students illustrate major battles and troops movements on a map of the colonies. Evidence of Learning Summative Assessment Quarterlies Chapter Tests and Section Quizzes. Create a Revolutionary War Battlefield model Equipment needed: LCD Projector Textbooks Computer/speakers Teacher Resources: Holt McDougal: United States History Declaration of Independence Excerpts from Benjamin Franklin and William Frankin’s memoirs. Formative Assessments Exit Tickets Do Now’s Lesson Quizzes Notebook Checks Lesson Plans Lesson Chapter 4 Lesson 1 The Revolution Begins Chapter 4 Lesson 2 Declaring Independence Chapter 4 Lesson 3 The Struggle for Liberty Chapter 4 Lesson 4 Independence! Teacher Notes: Timeframe 5-6 days 5-6 days 5-6 days 5-6 days Curriculum Development Resources Past Curriculum Guides Textbook Teacher’s Edition Internet Resources Common Core/NJCCCS SOUTH HACKENSACK MIDDLE SCHOOL CURRICULUM Content Area: Social Studies Unit Title: UNIT 5 - Forming a Government Target Course/Grade Level: 7th grade Projected Target: 20-24 days Unit Summary – American colonists formed state and federal governments based on English laws, Enlightenment ideas, and American models of government. The federal government established by the Articles of Confederation lacked the power to rule effectively, however. To remedy this problem, American leaders wrote a new constitution that created a stronger central government. Eventually, the required nine states ratified the U.S. Constitution. Primary interdisciplinary connections: Language Arts, Math, Computers, Art, Science 21st Century Themes: Global Awareness Learn from and work collaboratively with individuals representing diverse cultures, religions and lifestyles in a spirit of mutual respect and open dialogue in personal, work and community contexts. Understanding other nations and cultures, including the use of Non-English languages Civic Literacy Participating effectively in civic life through knowing how to stay informed and understanding government processes. 21st Century Skills: 9.1.8.C.2 – Demonstrate the use of compromise, consensus, and community building skills for carrying out different tasks, assignments, and projects Technology: 8.1 Educational Technology – All students will use digital tools to access, manage, evaluate, and synthesize information in order to solve problems individually and collaboratively to create and communicate knowledge. 8.1.8.A.5 – Select and use appropriate tools and digital resources to accomplish a variety of tasks and to solve problems. Learning Targets Common Core Standards RH.6-8.4 Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including vocabulary specific to domains related to history/social studies. RH.6-8.5 Describe how a text presents information (e.g., sequentially, comparatively, causally). RH.6-8.7 Integrate visual information (e.g., in charts, graphs, photographs, videos, or maps) with other information in print and digital texts. RH.6-8.8 Distinguish among fact, opinion, and reasoned judgment in a text. WHST.6-8.1b Support claim(s) with logical reasoning and relevant, accurate data and evidence that demonstrate an understanding of the topic or text, using credible sources. WHST.6-8.9 Draw evidence from informational texts to support analysis reflection, and research. WHST.6-8.10 Write routinely over extended time frames (time for reflection and revision) and shorter time frames (a single sitting or a day or two) for a range of discipline-specific tasks, purposes, and audiences. Content Statements The fundamental principles of the United States Constitution serve as the foundation of the United States government today. CPI # 6.1.8.A.3.c 6.1.8.A.3.d 6.1.8.A.3.g 6.1.8.B.3.b Cumulative Progress Indicator (CPI) Determine the role that compromise played in the creation and adoption of the Constitution and Bill of Rights. Compare and contrast the Articles of Confederation and the United States Constitution in terms of the decision-making powers of national government. Evaluate the impact of the Constitution and Bill of Rights on current day issues. Determine the extent to which the geography of the United States influenced the debate on representation in Congress and federalism by examining the New Jersey and Virginia plans. Unit Essential Questions What kind of government would you form if your country just gained independence from a monarchy? What events and ideas affected the writing of the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution? Unit Enduring Understandings The Articles of Confederation provided a framework for a national government. Problems faced by the young nation made it clear that a new Constitution was needed, which provided a framework for a stronger national government. Unit Learning Targets The Articles of Confederation laid the base for the first national government of the United State. Many Americans called for changes in the national government. The issue of representation led to the Great Compromise, which led to the creation of the U.S. Constitution. This created federalism and a balance of power. Key Vocabulary Magna Carta Constitution suffrage Articles of Confederation ratification tariffs interstate commerce inflation depression Constitutional Convention Virginia Plan New Jersey Plan popular sovereignty federalism amendments Writing Activities Daily “Do Now’s” Expository writing: Write an invitation to delegates explaining why there needs to be a Constitutional Convention to fix the Articles Write the “Preamble” in modern English Differentiation At Risk RAFT Assignments and Vocabulary Word Maps “Turn and talk” summaries of sections Modified assessments Special Education Extended time for testing Errorless learning i.e. test correction opportunities Provide copy of notes Open book assessment Preferential seating Provide word bank In‐class support Enrichment Hold a scripted meeting of the Constitutional Convention. “Origins of the Constitution” (page 156-157) - Students will connect and compare past documents to locate their influence within the U.S. Constitution. ELL Students can form a school government, listing all the rules they believe would be needed to run a fair government, citing the difficulties of the task throughout the process. Evidence of Learning Summative Assessment Quarterlies Chapter Tests and Section Quizzes. Compare the New Jersey and Virginia Plan Equipment needed: LCD Projector Textbooks Computer/speakers Teacher Resources: Holt McDougal: United States History The Constitution Formative Assessments Exit Tickets Do Now’s Lesson Quizzes Notebook Checks Lesson Plans Lesson Chapter 5 Lesson 1 The Articles of Confederation Chapter 5 Lesson 2 The New Nation Faces Challenges Chapter 5 Lesson 3 Creating the Constitution Chapter 4 Lesson 4 Ratifying the Constitution Timeframe 5-6 days 5-6 days 5-6 days 5-6 days Teacher Notes: Curriculum Development Resources Past Curriculum Guides Textbook Teacher’s Edition Internet Resources Common Core/NJCCCS SOUTH HACKENSACK MIDDLE SCHOOL CURRICULUM Content Area: Social Studies Unit Title: UNIT 6 - Citizenship and the Constitution Target Course/Grade Level: 7th grade Projected Target: 20-24 days Unit Summary – The framers of the U.S. Constitution developed a federal system, dividing power between the state and federal governments. A system of checks and balances divides federal power among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government. To address concerns about individual rights, the first Congress added 10 amendments, known as the Bill of Rights, to the Constitution. In addition to these rights, all U.S. citizens have certain responsibilities to society. Primary interdisciplinary connections: Language Arts, Math, Computers 21st Century Themes: Global Awareness Use 21st century skills to understand and address global issues. Learn from and work collaboratively with individuals representing diverse cultures, religions and lifestyles in a spirit of mutual respect and open dialogue in personal, work and community contexts. 21st Century Skills: 9.1.8.B.1 – Use multiple points of view to create alternative solutions Technology: 8.1 Educational Technology – All students will use digital tools to access, manage, evaluate, and synthesize information in order to solve problems individually and collaboratively to create and communicate knowledge. 8.1.8.A.5 – Select and use appropriate tools and digital resources to accomplish a variety of tasks and to solve problems. Learning Targets Common Core Standards RH.6-8.4 Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including vocabulary specific to domains related to history/social studies. RH.6-8.5 Describe how a text presents information (e.g., sequentially, comparatively, causally). RH.6-8.7 Integrate visual information (e.g., in charts, graphs, photographs, videos, or maps) with other information in print and digital texts. RH.6-8.8 Distinguish among fact, opinion, and reasoned judgment in a text. WHST.6-8.1b Support claim(s) with logical reasoning and relevant, accurate data and evidence that demonstrate an understanding of the topic or text, using credible sources. WHST.6-8.9 Draw evidence from informational texts to support analysis reflection, and research. Content Statements The fundamental principles of the United States Constitution serve as the foundation of the United States government today. CPI # 6.1.8.A.3.c 6.1.8.A.3.d 6.1.8.A.3.g Cumulative Progress Indicator (CPI) Determine the role that compromise played in the creation and adoption of the Constitution and Bill of Rights. Compare and contrast the Articles of Confederation and the United States Constitution in terms of the decision-making powers of national government. Evaluate the impact of the Constitution and Bill of Rights on current day issues. Unit Essential Question How do the ideas in the Constitution affect the lives of Americans? Unit Enduring Understandings The U.S. Constitution balances the powers of the federal government among the legislative, executive, and the judicial branches. The Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution to define clearly the rights and freedoms of citizens. Unit Learning Targets The First Amendment of the Constitution guarantees basic freedoms to individuals, while other amendments protect the rights of the accused, the states, and their citizens. Citizens are expected to fulfill a number of important duties, while involvement in government and the community is encouraged. Key Vocabulary federal system impeach veto pardons petition due process indict double jeopardy eminent domain naturalized citizens deport draft electoral college Writing Activities Daily “Do Now’s” Write the Bill of Rights in modern English. Which amendment is the most important to you as a citizen, explain why. Differentiation At Risk RAFT Assignments and Vocabulary Word Maps “Turn and talk” summaries of sections Modified assessments Draw a chart illustrating the Separation of powers according to the U.S. Constitution Special Education Extended time for testing and errorless learning i.e. test correction opportunities Provide copy of notes Open book assessment Preferential seating Provide word bank In‐class support Enrichment Hold a class vote using the rules from the Electoral College. Debate whether or not the Electoral College system of voting is still relevant in the 21st century. ELL List the process needed to become a citizen of the United States. Answer real questions from the U.S. citizenship test. Evidence of Learning Summative Assessment Quarterlies Chapter Tests and Section Quizzes. Bill of Rights/Amendment Quiz Equipment needed: LCD Projector Textbooks Computer/speakers Teacher Resources: Holt McDougal: United States History The Constitution Formative Assessments Exit Tickets Do Now’s Lesson Quizzes Notebook Checks Lesson Plans Lesson Chapter 6 Lesson 1 Understanding the Constitution Chapter 6 Lesson 2 The Bill of Rights Chapter 6 Lesson 3 Rights and Responsibilities of Citizenship Teacher Notes: Timeframe 10-12 days 5-6 days 5-6 days Curriculum Development Resources Past Curriculum Guides Textbook Teacher’s Edition Internet Resources Common Core/NJCCCS SOUTH HACKENSACK MIDDLE SCHOOL CURRICULUM Content Area: Social Studies Unit Title: UNIT 7 - Launching the Nation Target Course/Grade Level: 7th grade Projected Target: 20-24 days Unit Summary – With the Constitution ratified, U.S. leaders set about creating a new federal government. These leaders faced numerous challenges, including how to pay off the national debt, how to respond to foreign threats, and how to resolve domestic conflicts. President George Washington and his administration set many precedents. Not all Americans agreed on the best course of government, however. As a result, political parties developed, although Washington warned against them. Primary interdisciplinary connections: Language Arts, Math, Computers 21st Century Themes: Global Awareness Learn from and work collaboratively with individuals representing diverse cultures, religions and lifestyles in a spirit of mutual respect and open dialogue in personal, work and community contexts. st 21 Century Themes: 9.1.8.F.2 – Explain how rules, laws and safety practices protect individual rights in the global workplace Technology: 8.1 Educational Technology – All students will use digital tools to access, manage, evaluate, and synthesize information in order to solve problems individually and collaboratively to create and communicate knowledge. 8.1.8.A.5 – Select and use appropriate tools and digital resources to accomplish a variety of tasks and to solve problems. Learning Targets Common Core Standards RH.6-8.4 Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including vocabulary specific to domains related to history/social studies. RH.6-8.5 Describe how a text presents information (e.g., sequentially, comparatively, causally). RH.6-8.8 Distinguish among fact, opinion, and reasoned judgment in a text. WHST.6-8.1b Support claim(s) with logical reasoning and relevant, accurate data and evidence that demonstrate an understanding of the topic or text, using credible sources. WHST.6-8.9 Draw evidence from informational texts to support analysis reflection, and research. WHST.6-8.10 Write routinely over extended time frames (time for reflection and revision) and shorter time frames (a single sitting or a day or two) for a range of discipline-specific tasks, purposes, and audiences. Content Statements The fundamental principles of the United States Constitution serve as the foundation of the United States government today. CPI # 6.1.8.A.3.e 6.1.8.A.3.f 6.1.8.C.3.b Cumulative Progress Indicator (CPI) Determine why the Alien and Sedition Acts were enacted and whether they undermined civil liberties. Explain how political parties were formed and continue to be shaped by differing perspectives regarding the role power of American federal government. Summarize the effect of inflation andand debt on the people and the response of state and national governments during this time. Unit Essential Question Unit Enduring Understandings What important events occurred during the President Washington and members of terms of the first two U.S. presidents? Congress established a new national government. Treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton developed a financial plan for the national government. The U.S. faced significant foreign and domestic challenges under Washington. The development of political parties in the U.S. contributed to differing ideas about the role of the federal government. Unit Learning Targets Americans had high expectations for their new nation. Hamilton tackled the problem of settling national and state debt by creating a national bank to strengthen the U.S. economy. Key Vocabulary precedent national debt bonds speculators privateers political parties Alien and Sedition Acts Writing Activities Daily “Do Now’s” Read the Primary Source article on page 241, detailing the differences in beliefs between Hamilton and Jefferson regarding the citizens’ participation in government. Which do you agree with in terms of modern times and why? Differentiation At Risk RAFT Assignments Vocabulary Word Maps “Turn and talk” summaries of sections Modified assessments Venn Diagram comparing Washington and Adams difficulties in leading the country. Special Education Extended time for testing and errorless learning i.e. test correction opportunities Provide copy of notes/word bank/open book assessments/Preferential seating/In-class support Enrichment Compare the national debt issue between the past and present. ELL Research how a bank operates as a business and why debt and interest is important to them. Evidence of Learning Summative Assessment Quarterlies Chapter Tests and Section Quizzes. Create a press release outlining the Neutrality Proclamation (page 244) Equipment needed: LCD Projector Textbooks Computer/speakers Teacher Resources: Holt McDougal: United States History Early map of the United States Formative Assessments Exit Tickets Do Now’s Lesson Quizzes Notebook Checks Lesson Plans Lesson Chapter 7 Lesson 1 Washington Leads a New Nation Chapter 7 Lesson 2 Hamilton and National Finances Chapter 7 Lesson 3 Challenges for the New Nation Chapter 7 Lesson 4 John Adams’ Presidency Teacher Notes: Curriculum Development Resources Past Curriculum Guides Textbook Teacher’s Edition Internet Resources Common Core/NJCCCS Timeframe 5-6 days 5-6 days 5-6 days 5-6 days SOUTH HACKENSACK MIDDLE SCHOOL CURRICULUM Content Area: Social Studies Unit Title: UNIT 8 - The Jefferson Era Target Course/Grade Level: 7th grade Projected Target: 20-24 days Unit Summary – Thomas Jefferson’s presidency was marked by expansion and conflict. The nation almost doubled in size, and exploration led to new knowledge of the West. Expansionism and impressments caused conflict with Native Americans as well as a war with Britain. Primary interdisciplinary connections: Language Arts, Math, Computers 21st Century Themes: Global Awareness Use 21st century skills to understand and address global issues. Civic Literacy Participating effectively in civic life through knowing how to stay informed and understanding government processes. 21st Century Skills: 9.1.8.C.1 – Demonstrate the use of compromise, consensus, and community building strategies for carrying out different tasks, assignments, and projects Technology: 8.1 Educational Technology – All students will use digital tools to access, manage, evaluate, and synthesize information in order to solve problems individually and collaboratively to create and communicate knowledge. 8.1.8.A.5 – Select and use appropriate tools and digital resources to accomplish a variety of tasks and to solve problems. Learning Targets Common Core Standards RH.6-8.4 Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including vocabulary specific to domains related to history/social studies. RH.6-8.5 Describe how a text presents information (e.g., sequentially, comparatively, causally). RH.6-8.7 Integrate visual information (e.g., in charts, graphs, photographs, videos, or maps) with other information in print and digital texts. RH.6-8.8 Distinguish among fact, opinion, and reasoned judgment in a text. WHST.6-8.1b Support claim(s) with logical reasoning and relevant, accurate data and evidence that demonstrate an understanding of the topic or text, using credible sources. WHST.6-8.9 Draw evidence from informational texts to support analysis reflection, and research. WHST.6-8.10 Write routinely over extended time frames (time for reflection and revision) and shorter time frames (a single sitting or a day or two) for a range of discipline-specific tasks, purposes, and audiences. Content Statements Westward movement, industrial growth, increased immigration, the expansion of slavery, and the development of transportation systems increased regional tensions. CPI # Cumulative Progress Indicator (CPI) 6.1.8.A.4.a Explain the changes in America’s relationships with other nations by analyzing policies, treaties, tariffs, and agreements. 6.1.8.B.4.a Assess the impact of the Louisiana Purchase and western exploration on the expansion and economic development of the United States. 6.1.8.B.4.b Map territorial expansion and settlement, as well as the locations of conflicts with and removal of Native Americans. Unit Essential Question How did the events of the Jefferson Era strengthen the nation? Unit Enduring Understandings Thomas Jefferson’s election began a new era in American government, including the addition of the Louisiana Purchase. Unit Learning Targets The election of 1800 marked the first peaceful transition in power from one political party to another. Marbury v. Madison increased the power of the judicial branch of government. As American settlers moved West, control of the Mississippi River became more important to the United States. The effects of the War of 1812 included prosperity and national pride. Key Vocabulary judicial review Louisiana Purchase impressment embargo War Hawks Battle of New Orleans Writing Activities Daily “Do Now’s” Persuasive Writing: Write campaign speeches for Thomas Jefferson and John Adams. Report Card Activity: Make a report card for Thomas Jefferson’s first presidency. Differentiation At Risk RAFT Assignments and Vocabulary Word Maps “Turn and talk” summaries of sections “Who What Where When Why” Activity on Thomas Jefferson, page 271 Special Education Extended time for testing and errorless learning i.e. test correction opportunities Provide copy of notes/word bank/open book assessment/Preferential seating/In class support Enrichment Primary Source reading of the Marbury v. Madison court case ELL Create a map of the Louisiana purchase and note the states that reside in that area today. Research why it was named the “Louisiana Purchase” Evidence of Learning Summative Assessment Quarterlies Chapter Tests and Section Quizzes. Map out key battles of the War of 1812. Equipment needed: LCD Projector Textbooks Computer/speakers Teacher Resources: Holt McDougal: United States History Early map of the United States Formative Assessments Exit Tickets Do Now’s Lesson Quizzes Notebook Checks Lesson Plans Lesson Chapter 8 Lesson 1 Jefferson Becomes President Chapter 8 Lesson 2 The Louisiana Purchase Chapter 8 Lesson 3 The Coming of War Chapter 8 Lesson 4 The War of 1812 Teacher Notes: Curriculum Development Resources Past Curriculum Guides Textbook Teacher’s Edition Internet Resources Common Core/NJCCCS Timeframe 5-6 days 5-6 days 5-6 days 5-6 days Technical Terms *All terms should be taught in context rather than in isolation. These terms should be addressed after conceptual understanding. Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative language such as metaphors and similes. Determine the meaning of general academic and domain-specific words and phrases in a text relevant to a grade 5 topic or subject area. Know and apply grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding words. Identify word meanings through context clues and through the use of resources (glossary, dictionary, or other technological resources). Use letter-sound knowledge when decoding words; Divide into syllables; Determine words parts, including roots, prefixes, and suffixes. Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases based on grade 5 reading and content, choosing flexibly from a range of strategies. *Listed above are the teaching strategies to be utilized in conjunction with any and all vocabulary in various genres, themes, and writing assignments. CCR (Career/College Readiness)/Interdisciplinary Connections CRP1. Act as a responsible and contributing citizen. CRP2. Apply appropriate academic and technical skills. CRP4. Communicate clearly and effectively and with reason. CRP5. Consider the environmental, social and economic impacts of decisions. CRP6. Demonstrate creativity and innovation. CRP7. Employ valid and reliable research strategies. CRP8. Utilize critical thinking to make sense of problems and persevere in solving them. CRP10. Plan education and career paths aligned to personal goals. CRP11. Use technology to enhance productivity. CRP12. Work productively in teams while using cultural global competence.