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Electromagnetic Waves Electromagnetic Waves • Light waves that transmit energy through matter and space. • Astronomers use electromagnetic waves to learn about the universe Telescopes and satellites in space gather information about the universe using electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic Waves include • • • • • • • Radio waves Microwaves Infrared waves Visible Light Ultraviolet waves X-Rays Gamma Rays Electromagnetic Waves • Waves of energy that travel through matter or space by electric and magnetic fields. • The only type of waves that can travel through empty space. Electromagnetic Waves • Wavelength – the distance between waves. • Frequency – the number of waves passing a point per second. Electromagnetic Spectrum Shows the electromagnetic waves in order from longest to shortest wavelength and lowest to highest frequency Frequency • Higher frequency waves have shorter wavelengths and carry more energy. Spectroscope/Spectrometer • An instrument used by scientists to collect light from stars and separate the colors of light into a spectrum. • They’re like a prism that spreads visible light into the colors of light. Visible Light Spectrum From lowest to highest frequency red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet Spectral Analysis Light gives scientists information about objects in the universe including… • • • • Their Motion Their Distance Their Composition Their Temperature Star Spectrum • The lines in a stars spectrum enable scientists to determine their composition and temperature. The dark lines show scientists what elements are found in the Sun.
