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Cellular Respiration Aerobic and Anaerobic Metabolism Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm Glycolysis Simplified (greatly ) If oxygen is available (aerobic), then pyruvate enters the Krebs cycle If oxygen is not available(anaerobic), then pyruvate undergoes fermentation Aerobic respiration Synonymous Terms • Krebs cycle • Citric acid cycle • Tri-carboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle) Mitochondrial Structure The Krebs cycle takes place across inner membrane space (matrix) of the mitochondrion ElectronTransport The Role of Oxygen (O2) Oxygen is the terminal (final) electron acceptor Oxygen is needed only in the very LAST step of cellular respiration! ½ O2 + 2H+ + 2e- H2O Mitochondrial Structure Infoldings (cristae) increase the area of membrane surface available for electron transport Aerobic Respiration C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + 38 ATP The Krebs cycle and electron transport take place in the mitochondria The Krebs cycle and electron transport maximize ATP yield 38 ATP vs. 2 ATP for fermentation Anaerobic Respiration (Alcohol Fermentation) C6H12O6 → 2 CH3CH2OH + 2 CO2 + 2 ATP glucose ethyl alcohol carbon dioxide Alcohol fermentation takes place in yeast and some bacteria, and yields only the 2 ATP produced in glycolysis Anaerobic Respiration (Lactic Acid Fermentation) C6H12O6 → 2 C3H6O3 + 2 ATP glucose lactic acid Lactic acid fermentation takes place in animal cells and some bacteria and fungi; it yields only the 2 ATP produced in glycolysis.