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Slide 1 ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Organizing the Globe Jaywalking Geography Introduction to the globe ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 2 What is Geography? • Geography is the science that deals with the living and non-living things on earth and how they affect each other. – Physical –the study of the natural features and phenomena of the earth – Human –the study of the patterns and processes that shape human society Slide 3 ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Mapping the Globe • The globe is a scale model of the earth. • Grid: Pattern of lines circling the globe eastwest and north-south. • Lines of Latitude are drawn in east-west direction. • Lines of Longitude are drawn in north-south direction. ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 4 Latitude Lines ___________________________________ ___________________________________ • Lines measure distance north and south of the equator. • Equator: The imaginary line that circles the globe halfway between Earth’s North Pole and South Pole. – Tropics – 23 ½ Latitude (Torrid Zone=area between the tropics) • Tropic of Cancer • Tropic of Capricorn • Lines of latitude are • called Parallels Slide 5 ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Latitude ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Longitude & Latitude Slide 6 Longitude Lines • Lines measured east and west of the prime meridian. ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ • Prime Meridian: Imaginary line drawn from the North Pole through Greenwich, England to the South Pole. ___________________________________ • Lines of Longitude are called meridians. ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 7 ___________________________________ Get ready to sing!! • Latitude and Longitude Song ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 8 Hemisphere = half of world • The equator divides the globe into two halves or hemispheres. • The Prime Meridian & the 180 degree meridian divide the world into the Eastern and Western Hemisphere. ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ • Northern, Southern, Eastern, & Western Hemisphere • USA in the North-Western quadrant Slide 9 Hemispheres ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Which Hemisphere is the United States located? ___________________________________ Slide 10 Continents and Oceans • There are seven continents: – Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America – Asia is the largest and five time the size of Australia, which is the smallest ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 11 ___________________________________ Continents ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Can you Name and locate all seven continents? Slide 12 ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Answers: ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 13 ___________________________________ Ocean Areas • There are four ocean areas: – Atlantic, Arctic, Indian and Pacific Oceans ___________________________________ ___________________________________ • A possible fifth called the Southern Ocean ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Can you locate the 5 major Oceans? Slide 14 Answers: ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 15 Learning Log Question -You Respond • Globes and maps are very different. • What are the advantages and disadvantages of each? ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 16 What is a map? I’m the map • A generalized view of an area, usually some portion of Earth’s surface, as seen from above at a greatly reduced size – Any geographical image of the environment ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ • A two-dimensional representation of the spatial distribution of selected phenomena ___________________________________ • Cartographers or mapmakers develop many ways of drawing the Earth on a flat surface. ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 17 ___________________________________ Why make maps? ___________________________________ • To represent a larger area than we can see ___________________________________ • To show a phenomenon or process we can’t see with our eyes ___________________________________ • To present information concisely • To show spatial relationships Slide 18 Types of World Maps • Robinson Projection – Semi round –distortion on ends • Mercator Projection – Square -major distortion on ends • Thematic Maps = maps with a theme – – – – – Population -Resources Climates -Highways Political -Precipitation/Rain Topography = Landforms & Elevation Region = an area that shares similar properties ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 19 ___________________________________ Represent a larger area ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 20 Shows Spatial Relationships ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 21 Regional Map ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 22 Topographic Map ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 23 ___________________________________ Vocabulary • ology = “the study of” – Psychology = the study of the “mind” – Sociology = the study of “society” – Anthropology= the study of human advancement • human evolution and ancient cultures (i.e. bones) – Chronology = the study of “events in time” – Archaeology = the study of “artifacts” • man made items • What other “ology” words are there and their meaning? Slide 24 Prehistory vs. History ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ • History: the study of written records • Prehistory: the study of events before written records were kept • Bias: a mental leaning or inclination • Primary Sources – first hand information about people or events • Secondary Sources – an account given by people who did NOT witness or participate in the event ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________
