Download THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM

THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM
Use the above figure for 1-4.
1. The I band is indicated by letter __
2. The A band is indicated by letter __.
3. The portion of the sarcomere that disappears during a contraction is indicated by __.
4. The myofilament that slides during a contraction is indicated by letter __.
5. Only _ muscle cells are multinucleated.
6. The __ zone of a sarcomere contains no actin.
7. The heads of the myosin myofilaments are called _- __.
8. The gap between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber it supplies is called the __ __.
9. The sliding filament theory of muscle contraction involves sliding of the __ filament.
10. The only energy source that can be used to directly power muscle activity is __.
11. A smooth, sustained contraction is called __.
12. The end of the muscle that moves when a muscle contracts is called the __.
13.
An autoimmune muscular disease of adulthood that is characterized by a shortage
of acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction is __ __.
14.
Which of the following is NOT a function of the muscular system:
a. producing movement b. maintaining posture
c. stabilizing joints
d. generating heat e. hematopoiesis
15.
Neurotransmitters are stored within __.
a. myofibrils
b. motor units
c. motor end plates
d. motor neuron endings
e. synaptic clefts
16.
An elaborate network of membranes in skeletal muscle cells that function in
calcium storage is the __.
a. sarcolemma
b. mitochondria
c. myofibrillar network d. sarcoplasmic reticulum
17.
During muscle contraction , myosin cross bridges attach to active sites of __.
a. myosin filaments
b. actin filaments
c. thick filaments
d. Z lines
18.
The major function of the SR in muscle contraction is to:
a. make and store phosphocreatine
b. synthesize myosin
c. regulate intracellular calcium concentration d. store ATP
19.
After nervous stimulation of the muscle cell has ceased, the calcium:
a. is destroyed by cholinesterase
b. is chemically bound to the filaments
c. is reabsorbed into the SR
d. is actively pumped into the extracellular fluid for storage until the next
contraction
20.
Observe the list of muscle actions below. Which of them would NOT be classified as
an ISOTONIC contraction?
a. pushing against a brick wall b. lifting a glass of water
c. writing a letter
d. tying your shoe
21.
Muscle tone is:
a. the feeling of well-being following exercise
b. the ability of a muscle to maintain a contraction against an outside force
c. the condition of athletes after intensive training
d. a state of sustained partial muscular contraction that is vital for the health
of muscles
22.
A muscle group that works with and assists the action of a prime mover is a(n) __.
a. antagonist only
b. fixator only c. synergist only
d. antagonist and synergist
e. antagonist and fixator
23.
In flexing the forearm at the elbow, the:
a. biceps brachii acts as an antagonist
b. triceps brachii acts as an antagonist
c. deltoid acts as an antagonist
d. deltoid acts as a synergist
e. triceps brachii acts as a synergist
24.
Which of the following muscles is involved in inversion at the ankle joint?
a. tibialis anterior b. hamstrings c. quadriceps group d. peroneus
25.
Paralysis of which of the following would make an individual unable to flex the
knee?
a. hamstrings b. gluteals c. gastrocnemius d. sartorius
26.
Which of the following criteria is NOT used in naming muscles:
a. relative size of the muscle
b. number of origins of the muscle
c. shape of the muscle
d. action of the muscle
e. method of attachment of muscle to bone
True or False
27.
SR is vital to the integrity of muscle contraction.
28.
Skeletal muscles need nerve stimulation for contraction to occur.
29.
A contraction in which the muscle does not shorten but its tension increases is
called ISOMETRIC.
30.
Muscle fatigue and soreness are caused by a buildup of pyruvic acid.
31.
Oxygen debt refers to the oxygen required to make CP.
32.
An aponeurosis is a ropelike piece of muscle fascia that forms indirect connections
to muscles of the leg.
33.
Muscle contraction will always promote movement of body parts regardless of how
they are attached.
34.
The effect of the neurotransmitter on the muscle cell membrane is to modify its
permeability properties temporarily.
35.
When a muscle fiber contracts, the I bands diminish, the H zones disappear, and
the A bands move closer together but do not diminish in length.
36.
The insertion of the biceps brachii is on the radius.
37.
The mastoid process attachment of the sternocleidomastoid muscle represents its
insertion.
38.
Plantar flexion at the ankle joint is accomplished by the tibialis anterior.
39.
The most superficial muscle of the abdominal wall is the rectus abdominis.
Match the following:
40.
Muscle that opposes and reverses
action of another muscle
41.
Muscle that stabilizes the origin of
another muscle
42.
Muscle that aids another by promoting
the same movement
43.
Main muscle used in turning the head
to say “no”
44.
Broad muscle of the back that inserts on
the humerus
45.
“Kissing” muscle
46.
“Smiling” muscle
ANSWERS
1. B
2. A
3. D
4. C
5. skeletal
6. H
7. cross bridges
8. synaptic cleft
9. actin
10. ATP
11. tetanus
12. insertion
13. myasthenia gravis
14. e
15. d
16. d
17. b
18. c
19. c
20. a
21. d
22. c
23. b
24. a
25. a
26. e
27. T
28. T
29. T
30. F
31. F
32. F
33. F
34. T
35. T
36. T
37. T
38. F
39. T
40. ac
41. c
42. b
43. e
44. ae
45. a
46. ad
a. orbicularis oris
b. synergist
c. fixator
d. masseter
e. sternocleidomastoid
ab. prime mover
ac. antagonist
ad. zygomaticus
ae. latissimus dorsi
bc. orbicularis oculi
bd. trapezius