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MID-TERM FINAL REVIEW Multiple Choice - 50 Questions 2 points per question = 100 points total Multiple Choice - 50 Questions 2 points per question = 100 points total 2 BONUS questions! The 50 questions will come from actual AP exams. We will spend time on Wednesday reviewing for the exam. The grades on the exam will be "scaled." The terms below come directly from the exam, so be sure to know these! SUMMARY OF UNITS DURING FIRST SEMESTER UNIT TITLE One Two Three Four Five Colonial America Formation of Government/Growth of Democracy Expansion and Reform The Civil War & Reconstruction The Development of the Industrial U.S. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS PERIOD pre-1760 to 1776 1777-1789 1789-1812 1812-1850 1850-1860 1860-1877 1877-1900 QUESTIONS -> PERCENT OF TEST 9 = 18 % 5 = 10 % 7 = 14 % 9 = 18 % 5 = 10 % 4=8% 11 = 22 % As stated above, the 50 questions will come from actual AP exams. We will spend at least one, and perhaps two days reviewing for the exam. You will have an opportunity to gain VALUABLE extra credit points on Tuesday, April 3 by writing 10 review questions. For your ten questions, you must write 2 questions dealing with presidents or presidential elections, 2 questions dealing with economic issues, 2 questions dealing with foreign policy issues, 2 questions dealing with social history, and 2 questions of YOUR choice. Question format: The questions must be multiple choice, with 5 choices (a, b, c, d, or e). They must be TYPED. Late questions will NOT be accepted. This is extra credit! What a deal! Rememb er to format you r questions pro perly!!! Terms to review for the Term One Final in AP United States History Gr oup s Free-Soil Party Populist Party (Peoples Party) Knights of Labor Industrial Workers of the World Know-Nothing Party American Federation of Labor Other Transcendentalism Nativism the "American System" Hartford Convention Deisim Electoral College Popular Sovereignty Factory System/Lowell System Great Awakening A Century of Dishonor Pe ople Alexander Hamilton Thomas Jefferson George Whitefield Joseph Smith Abigail Adams Ralph Waldo Emerson James Fenimore Cooper Helen Hunt Jackson La ws/ Sta tu te s/ Pr ocla ma ti ons Bill of Rights tariff of Abominations (1828) Articles of Confederation Congressional Reconstruction Proclamation of 1763 Dawes Act of 1887 Sherman Anti-Trust Act Monroe Doctrine Black Codes Fourteenth Amendment Declaration of Independence Quebec Act of 1774 Emancipation Proclamation Washington's Neutrality Proclamation of 1793 Plessy v Ferguson Marbury v Madison Terms to review for the Term One Final in AP United States History Gr oup s Free-Soil Party - was a political group organized in Buffalo, N.Y., in 1848. The party opposed the extension of slavery into the territories and the admission of new slave states to the Union. Many members of the party had once belonged to the Liberty Party (see LIBERTY PARTY). The Free Soil Party was joined and strengthened by a discontented faction of the Democratic Party in New York that was known as the Barnburners. Populist Party (Peoples Party) - In 1891, the farmers' alliances met with delegates from labor and reform groups in Cincinnati, Ohio, and discussed forming a new political party. They formed the People's Party, usually called the Populist Party, a year later in St. Louis, Missouri. In 1892, the party nominated James B. Weaver of Iowa for President and James G. Field of Virginia for Vice President. Their platform called for free silver, government ownership of railroads and telegraph and telephone lines, and many political reforms. The candidates did not win, but they received more than a million popular votes and 22 electoral votes. Nine Populists were elected to Congress. Knights of Labor - Labor was one of the most important early labor organizations in America. It was the first to organize all workers into a single union, rather than into separate trade unions. Its official name was The Noble Order of the Knights of Labor. It became powerful when a strike forced railroads owned by Jay Gould to meet its demands in 1885. Membership rose from about 100,000 to 700,000 within a year. However, the Knights lost a second strike against Gould's railroads in 1886. That defeat, and the antilabor feelings that followed the Haymarket Riot in Chicago, caused the group's membership to decline. Industrial Workers of the World - was a radical labor organization founded in 1905 to oppose the conservative policies of the American Federation of Labor (AFL). The AFL used craft unions, which separated workers by skills and trades. The IWW wanted to replace the craft unions with an organization of industrial unions. These unions would organize workers without regard to skill or trade. Members of the IWW, often called Wobblies, acted through strikes, boycotts, and sabotage. The Wobblies shared many of the aims and methods of syndicalism, a movement to abolish capitalism and national government (see SYNDICALISM). In 1908, the Wobblies rejected the use of political action. They hoped to lead a general strike to overthrow the capitalist system. They would then create a classless, socialist society in which workers would control the government and economy through industrial unions. But the IWW had far too few members to achieve such a goal. Know-Nothing Party – restrict and immigrant rights R American Federation of Labor - In 1881, Samuel Gompers and other leaders organized a federation that, unlike the Knights of Labor, included only wage earners. It was called the Federation of Organized. Trades and Labor Unions of the United States and Canada. In 1886, the federation was reorganized and changed its name to the American Federation of Labor (AFL). Gompers became the AFL's first president. He served as its president for 37 years--from 1886 to 1894 and from 1896 until his death in 1924. Under Gompers' leadership, the AFL stressed wage increases and other job demands instead of political issues. The group's chief means of achieving its goals was collective bargaining. Another AFL tactic was the use of marks called union labels to identify goods manufactured by its members. The federation urged shoppers to "look for the union label" and buy union-made products. Other Transcendentalism - was a philosophy that became influential during the late 1700's and 1800's. It was based on the belief that knowledge is not limited to and solely derived from experience and observation. It thus opposed the philosophy of empiricism--that knowledge comes from experience. Transcendentalism also stated that the solution to human problems lies in the free development of individual emotions. According to transcendentalism, reality exists only in the world of the spirit. What a person observes in the physical world are only appearances, or impermanent reflections of the world of the spirit. People learn about the physical world through their senses and understanding. But they learn about the world of the spirit through another power, called reason. The transcendentalists defined reason as the personal, independent, and intuitive capacity to know what is absolutely true. Nativism – growing resentment towards immigrants the "American System" – purpose Hartford Convention – what was it and ramifications Deisim – philosophy Electoral College – elected president – originally provided for in constitution Popular Sovereignty – settlers decide if slavery will be permitted in that state Factory System/Lowell System – plan to promote and expand textile manufacturing Great Awakening – resulted in dividing Congregational & Presbyterian churches A Century of Dishonor – about – wrongs to native Americans inflicted by the federal government by Helen Hunt Jackson La ws/ Sta tu te s/ Pr ocla ma ti ons Bill of Rights – motivations tariff of Abominations (1828) – consequence – enunciation of a policy of nullification Articles of Confederation – greatest achievement (orderly settlement of the west) - which powers did continental congress hesitate to give to it powers denied to parliament Congressional Reconstruction – why did congress impose radical reconstruction measures – black codes, race riots in Memphis and New Orleans, election of former Confederates, response of Southern legislatures to the fourteenth amendment - when did it end and why Republican and Democratic parties effected a compromise after 1876 presidential election Proclamation of 1763 – purpose Dawes Act of 1887 - broke up tribal land holdings. In 1893, Congress created the Dawes Commission to help settle problems with the Five Civilized Tribes. Under the Curtis Act of 1898, Congress gradually dissolved tribal laws and courts, and brought the Indians under the laws and courts of the United States. Provision was made for the incorporation and government of towns. An act in 1901 made all the Indians of the Indian Territory citizens of the United States. By 1900, the population of the Indian Territory had grown to nearly 400,000, with six times as many whites as Indians. The demand for state government was strong. A constitution for the proposed state of Sequoyah was approved by the people in 1905. But Congress had other plans. In 1906, it passed an enabling act by which Oklahoma and Indian Territory could join to become a single state. Under the terms of this act, the state of Oklahoma was admitted to the Union on Nov. 16, 1907. The Indian Territory ceased to exist. Sherman Anti-Trust Act - During the late 1800's, business leaders in several major industries brought nearly all of their competitors under common control by forming a type of organization called a trust. They eliminated most of the remaining competition by cutting prices to force smaller firms out of business. The trusts then limited production and raised prices. A public outcry against abuses by the trusts led to the passage of the Sherman Antitrust Act in 1890. The act outlaws any contract, combination, or conspiracy in restraint of trade. It also prohibits any person or business from monopolizing or attempting to monopolize any market. Monroe Doctrine – what was the overall purpose – asserted US independence in the realm of foreign Policy Black Codes – limited socioeconomic opportunities of blacks Fourteenth Amendment Declaration of Independence – what did it do (better yet what didn’t it do) Quebec Act of 1774 - Act provided for French civil law and an appointed governor and council in the province of Quebec. The act also extended Quebec's borders south to the Ohio River. Emancipation Proclamation – effects strengthens moral cause of union Washington's Neutrality Proclamation of 1793 – made in response to what Plessy v Ferguson Marbury v Madison – determine constitutionality of Congressional acts Pe ople Alexander Hamilton – financial programs – funding national debt, tax on liquor, Bank of US, assumption of state debts Thomas Jefferson – how did he calm the nation after election of 1800 We are all republicans we are all federalists American government was above party politics George Whitefield - was an Anglican preacher and evangelist. In Britain, Whitefield played an important part in the founding of Methodism. In the American Colonies, he became a leader of a series of religious revival movements called the Great Awakening Joseph Smith - was the founder and first president of the Mormon Church, officially called the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Several other churches recognize him as their founder. The largest of these is the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. Those who follow Smith's teachings regard Smith as a prophet of God. Abigail Adams – John Adams wife Ralph Waldo Emersonc-espoused what principles individual inspiration, self-reliance, dissent, and non conformity James Fenimore Cooper - was an American novelist and social critic. He is best known for The LeatherStocking Tales, five novels about Natty Bumppo, a frontiersman. The character has other names in the series, including Leatherstocking. In The Leather-Stocking Tales, Cooper became the first author to seriously portray American frontier scenes and characters. Helen Hunt Jackson – wrote about – wrongs to native Americans inflicted by the federal government Th e Res t women in colonial America – lost control of her property after she married workers in textile mills in early America - tended to be young unmarried women from rural New England salutary neglect – allowed colonists to do what – make trade arrangements to acquire needed products from other countries immigrants in first half of century versus second half – largest were Irish first half followed by German, second half tended to be from southern and eastern Europe Slavery in North America – rapidly increases towards the end of the 1600s with the development of tobacco educational reform in antebellum years – compulsory school attendance laws passed, use of state and local money to pay for education, establishment of teacher training schools, standardized length for school year American labor movement – attempted to accomplish goals through strikes