Download Ap Review Exam Ch. 1

Ap Review Exam Ch. 1-30
1. Which of the following were both Chinese inventions?
A. sternpost rudder and magnetic compass
B. astrolabe and magnetic compass
C. lateen sail and astrolabe
D. square sail and sternpost rudder
E. magnetic compass and the lateen sail
2. The center of Islamic learning in west Africa was
A. Kilwa.
B. Jenne.
C. Gao.
D. Timbuktu.
E. Mbanza.
3. After the arrival of the Europeans,
A. the east Asian societies quickly fell under indirect European economic control.
B. the rapid spread of Christianity threatened the very survival of Buddhism.
C. the east Asian societies immediately fell under direct European control.
D. the east Asian societies quickly copied the ways of the more advanced Europeans.
E. east Asian societies largely controlled their own affairs until the nineteenth century.
4. The explosion of witch-hunting in the sixteenth century was most probably caused by
A. a dramatic increase in the practice of demonology.
B. the publication of Copernicus's theories.
C. the conquest of Spain by Islamic forces.
D. tensions between Catholics and Protestants.
E. the fear caused by the prominent role that women were increasingly playing in the Catholic church.
5. Up through the eighth century, the chief foreign threat to the eastern Roman Empire was
A. the resurgence of power by the Ptolemies in Egypt.
B. the Germanic tribes.
C. the Guptas in India.
D. the Sasanid emperors.
E. neo-Greek military generals.
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6. The Mongols brought about greater integration among Eurasian peoples by all of the following means except
A. increased trade.
B. resettlement of conquered peoples.
C. a common state religion.
D. diplomatic missions.
E. the establishment and maintenance of a courier network.
7. In which of the following societies did women enjoy the most freedom and opportunity?
A. Mesopotamia
B. Egypt
C. Hebrews
D. Assyria
E. India
8. Which of the following pairings between Germanic tribes and the area they invaded is incorrect?
A. Ostrogoths and Italy
B. Visigoths and Italy
C. Lombards and Italy
D. Burgundians and southern Gaul
E. Franks and northern Gaul.
9. The first complex society developed in the southern Mesopotamian land of
A. Akkad.
B. Assyria.
C. Sumer.
D. Babylonia.
E. Palestine.
10. Of all the new crops that spread throughout the Islamic world via trade, which one proved the most important?
A. sugarcane
B. oranges
C. indigo
D. cotton
E. henna
11. Just as the kingdoms of west Africa depended on trans-Saharan trade, the kingdoms of east Africa depended on
A. Egyptian trade.
B. Indian Ocean trade.
C. trans-Atlantic trade.
D. south African trade.
E. Persian Gulf trade.
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12. The Council of Trent
A. rooted out the Arian heresy.
B. successfully reached a compromise in the early Protestant movement between Luther and Calvin.
C. played a key role in Henry VIII's break with the Catholic church.
D. took steps to reform the Catholic church.
E. launched the witch-hunts of the sixteenth century.
13. The Swahili city-states
A. succeeded in uniting Africa for the first time.
B. strongly maintained their Christian roots.
C. dominated trade along the east African coast.
D. became the dominant political force in west Africa after the collapse of the Mali kingdom.
E. spread Islam throughout Africa.
14. Most of the actual exploration of the Pacific Ocean was carried out by the
A. Spanish.
B. Portuguese.
C. English.
D. Dutch.
E. French.
15. Luxury goods of high value relative to their weight
A. always traveled the sea lanes.
B. were exclusively trusted to Islamic merchants.
C. were under a monopolistic control by the Chinese.
D. were always in the possession of only one merchant for the entire journey.
E. usually traveled overland on the silk roads.
16. The astrolabe was designed to measure
A. latitude.
B. velocity.
C. distance.
D. longitude.
E. depth.
17. The words "good words, good thoughts, good deeds" were used to sum up the view of morality of the
A. Jews.
B. Zoroastrians.
C. Hindus.
D. Buddhists.
E. Greeks.
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18. The Seleucid, Parthian, and Sasanid empires
A. created states on a far grander scale than the Achaemenid empire.
B. employed a form of imperial administration copied from the Achaemenids.
C. were fundamentally different from the Achaemenids in their political structure.
D. were early petty kingdoms that helped give rise to the later Achaemenid empire.
E. copied the Roman model.
19. Khubilai Khan's religious policy featured
A. a promotion of Buddhism and a support of Daoism, Christianity, and Islam.
B. an attempt to incorporate the traditional Mongol shamanistic beliefs into China.
C. forced conversion to Islam.
D. suppression of all religious services, in an effort to stabilize China internally.
E. specific suppression of Christianity because of its connection to Europe.
20. After the collapse of the western half of the Roman Empire, imperial authority survived for another thousand years in the
A. Sasanid empire.
B. Ptolemaic empire.
C. Byzantine empire.
D. Holy Roman empire.
E. Carolingian empire.
21. In regard to their relationship with China, the Viet people
A. revolted against the Tang and won their independence.
B. were not influenced by Chinese thought.
C. gladly accepted the tributary status in order to gain access to Chinese markets.
D. copied Confucianism but never converted to Buddhism.
E. ruled China for over two centuries.
22. Charlemagne maintained diplomatic relations with
A. Justinian and the Byzantine Empire.
B. Tang Taizong and the Tang Empire.
C. Song Taizu and the Song Empire.
D. Harun al-Rashid and the Abbasid Empire.
E. Ashoka and the Mauryan Empire.
23. Historians once used the term feudalism to refer to
A. a strong, centralized political order.
B. the Byzantine religious world.
C. the Islamic bureaucratic system that dominated for over five-hundred years.
D. the class of highly trained Confucian officials.
E. the political and social order of Medieval Europe.
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24. After the collapse of western Roman authority,
A. Germanic tribes established regional kingdoms.
B. a greater pan-Germanic empire was established.
C. the Visigoths created imperial unity.
D. the Byzantine Empire expanded into the west, to re-create a lasting imperial state.
E. Europe was overrun and united by Islamic forces.
25. The term prehistory refers to the period before
A. writing.
B. the first hominid.
C. the appearance of homo sapiens.
D. 1000 b.c.e.
E. the work of the Greek historian Herodotus.
26. China fell behind technologically during the Ming and Qing dynasties because
A. of the collapse of the civil service examination system.
B. the Europeans refused to share their advanced technology with the Chinese.
C. of a massive Qing-forced exile of intellectuals as part of a governmental crackdown.
D. of the efforts of an ingenious Japanese spy network.
E. the governments favored political and social stability over technological innovation.
27. England was unified in the ninth century by
A. King Alfred.
B. King Arthur.
C. King Harold.
D. King William.
E. King Charles.
28. The collection of Confucian sayings and teachings is known as the
A. Mencius.
B. Memoirs of a Philosopher.
C. Analects.
D. Reflections on a Quiet Life.
E. Reflections on Things at Hand.
29. The Aryans came into India
A. in a centuries-long migration.
B. as part of a violent, organized military campaign.
C. as religious pilgrims.
D. after fleeing persecution in China.
E. as a slave class that eventually rebelled against Harappan repression.
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30. After the collapse of the Mauryan Empire, India
A. returned to a series of regional kingdoms.
B. was immediately reunified by a new empire.
C. was united by a new wave of invaders.
D. suffered through a long period of chaos marked by a later Dravidian uprising.
E. was absorbed into the expanding Chinese empire.
31. Politically, the Guptas
A. achieved the same level of centralized power that had existed under the Mauryans.
B. left local government and administration in the hands of their allies.
C. created a much larger and more powerful state than the Mauryans did.
D. brought unprecedented civil strife to India.
E. were able to bring complete unification to India by spreading a state-supported religion.
32. The word Semitic refers to
A. a theocratic governmental form.
B. a language type.
C. a monotheistic belief system.
D. a violent northern society that came to dominate the Mesopotamian region.
E. a simplified alphabetic style of writing.
33. For centuries, Western Europe was inspired by a dream of unification and greatness similar to that of
A. Greece.
B. Persia.
C. Assyria.
D. Arabia.
E. Rome.
34. One of the results of the peace brought by the Tokugawa period was
A. a tremendous growth in European trade.
B. an even greater political role for the samurai.
C. the tripling of the Japanese population between 1600 and 1850.
D. a reduction in status for the samurai and daimyo.
E. a resurgence in daimyo authority.
35. The first great philosophical proponent of capitalism was
A. Voltaire.
B. Adam Smith.
C. Montesquieu.
D. Isaac Newton.
E. Francis Bacon.
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36. The rise in maritime trade in the early modern era in Africa
A. ironically led to a decrease in the trans-Atlantic slave trade.
B. led to the consolidation in the largest imperial states in African history.
C. led to political chaos and the destruction of traditional African balance of power.
D. resulted in regional kingdoms replacing the imperial states of west Africa.
E. resulted in a new pattern in which the village became the principal political entity.
37. Wind wheels
A. were a fifteenth-century European invention that made sail manipulation much easier.
B. are circular wind patterns whose discovery aided sailing.
C. were a fourteenth-century Chinese invention that provided a rough measurement of distance.
D. aided European mariners in formulating a more accurate measurement of longitude.
E. made the transferal of ships from dry land to the water much easier.
38. The nation that led the way in early European exploration was
A. England.
B. France.
C. Portugal.
D. Spain.
E. the Holy Roman Empire.
39. The two centers of Spanish royal authority in the Americas were
A. Lima and Chanchan.
B. Mexico City and Cuzco.
C. Lima and Mexico City.
D. Tenochtitlan and Mexico City.
E. Cuzco and Tehnochtitlan.
40. The political power of the khans was based on
A. a tightly structured imperial framework.
B. indirect rule through the leaders of allied tribes.
C. an extension of the traditional Turkish urban kingship.
D. the shamanistic belief in the divinity of the ruler.
E. an educated class of scholarly bureaucratsan idea borrowed from China.
41. Mali would reach its peak during the reign of
A. Sundiata.
B. Ibn Battuta.
C. Al-Bakri.
D. Mansa Musa.
E. Chaghatai.
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42. The greatest contribution of Sui Yangdi, the second Sui emperor, was
A. a series of reforms that allowed the Sui to survive for another three-hundred years.
B. the construction of the Grand Canal.
C. his conversion to Buddhism.
D. his conquest of Vietnam.
E. his formation of a lasting trading network with the Byzantines.
43. The Homeric epic the Iliad deals with
A. the journey home of the hero Odysseus.
B. the war to capture Troy.
C. the adventures of Aeneas.
D. the adventures and tragic end of Jason and Medea.
E. the adventures of the hero Rama.
44. Luther's initial stimulus for formulating the Ninety-Five Theses was
A. his excommunication from the Roman Catholic church.
B. the sale of indulgences.
C. his time spent in England during the English Reformation.
D. the turmoil caused by having two popes during the Great Schism.
E. the influence of John Calvin.
45. Which of the following groupings of early societies and their rivers is correct?
A. MesopotamiaTigris and Euphrates; EgyptIndus; HarappanNile; ChinaHuang He
B. MesopotamiaNile; EgyptTigris and Euphrates; HarappanIndus; ChinaHuang He
C. MesopotamiaTigris and Euphrates; EgyptNile; HarappanHuang He; ChinaIndus
D. MesopotamiaTigris and Euphrates; Egypt Nile; HarappanIndus; ChinaHuang He
E. MesopotamiaTigris and Euphrates; EgyptNile; HarappanIndus; ChinaYangzi
46. Fiefs were
A. peasants, who were legally tied to the soil.
B. officials sent out by Charlemagne.
C. gifts given from the retainer to the lord as a sign of submission.
D. grants of land.
E. monks who turned away from the temptations of the secular world.
47. In 802, what gift did Charlemagne receive from the Abbasid caliph, Harun al-Rashid?
A. a thousand pounds of gold
B. a golden chandelier
C. a terra-cotta army
D. an elephant named Abu al-Abbas
E. a chess set displaying the two leaders as the kings
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48. By around the year 600 C.E., the ravages of epidemic diseases had caused both the Mediterranean and Chinese populations to
fall by
A. at most 5-percent.
B. around a tenth.
C. at least a quarter.
D. over half.
E. over four-fifths.
49. The rise of powerful states in Europe in the fifteenth century was dependent on
A. the reestablishment of imperial unification.
B. the combination of new taxes and large standings armies.
C. the European invention of gunpowder.
D. papal leadership in a new round of crusades that gave purpose and inspiration for the Europeans.
E. the leadership of a united, powerful Italy.
50. Which of the following mathematical concepts, essential for positional notation and the manipulation of large numbers, was
invented by Mayan mathematicians?
A. infinity
B. zero
C. long division
D. exponential notation
E. negative numerals
51. One of the central factors in the establishment of trans-Saharan trade was
A. the invention of lighter, but still powerful, artillery.
B. the use of large caravans of donkeys.
C. the spread of a common religion.
D. the invention of a wider horseshoe.
E. the domestication of the camel.
52. Griots were
A. the legendary kings of Mali.
B. aqueducts that were essential for life in the oasis towns of the Sahara.
C. singers and storytellers.
D. Swahili slave traders.
E. tribal shamans.
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53. During the Ming and Qing dynasties,
A. women achieved a level of equality and freedom never seen before in Chinese history.
B. women had many more literary and cultural opportunities than ever before.
C. the role of women was fashioned after the prevailing pattern in Japan.
D. the greater freedom for women was a reflection of European influence.
E. patriarchal authority over females became tighter than ever before.
54. In which of the following areas did Buddhism not become the major religion?
A. China
B. Japan
C. India
D. Korea
E. Mongolia
55. During the early modern period in Africa, the basis of social organization continued to be
A. religious organizations of a syncretic nature.
B. kinship groups.
C. paramilitary organizations.
D. guilds.
E. a modern European-style nuclear family.
56. Because of the immense size of the Zhou state, its emperors were forced to
A. institute a feudal system of government.
B. rule through the use of incredible terror.
C. establish a rule based on the accepted divinity of the ruler.
D. bring in troops from their Indian allies.
E. practice a rudimentary form of democracy.
57. The words lex talionis relate to
A. the early works of the Hebrew Old Testament.
B. the Egyptian concept of an afterlife.
C. the Assyrian use of terror during their creation of an empire.
D. the Phoenician alphabet.
E. the law of retaliation that appears in Hammurabi's Code.
58. When Voltaire urged his readers to "crush the damned thing," he was talking about
A. capitalism.
B. the church.
C. the atheistic theories of Newton.
D. socialism.
E. the French monarchy.
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59. Which of the following was not one of the groups that invaded Europe in the ninth century?
A. Magyars
B. Mongols
C. Vikings
D. Muslims
E. Both Magyars and Mongols are correct.
60. Which of the following did not act as a limitation on the development of central Asian societies?
A. the aridity of the climate
B. a lack of trading opportunities
C. the nomadic lifestyle of the population
D. the absence of large-scale craft production
E. the limited potential for large-scale agriculture
61. The guilds of the High Middle Ages
A. were exclusively male.
B. were designed to fight for better wages from the factory owners.
C. almost always admitted women as members.
D. were designed to fight against the increasing materialism of the age.
E. were extensions of the monasteries.
62. The earliest of the three Neolithic craft industries was
A. textile production.
B. pottery.
C. carpet weaving.
D. metallurgy.
E. weapon production.
63. The Reconquista took place in
A. Italy.
B. Sicily.
C. the Iberian peninsula.
D. the Byzantine Empire.
E. England.
64. By spreading their language across a huge stretch of Africa, the Bantu played a role similar to that played by the
A. Indo-Europeans.
B. Mongols.
C. Xiongnu.
D. Visigoths.
E. Babylonians.
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65. The English, French, and Dutch
A. were like the Spanish in that they viewed the Americas as a land to exploit rather than a place to settle.
B. did not play a role in the Americas until the mid-eighteenth century.
C. never showed any serious interest in the Americas.
D. discovered gold and silver mines that rivaled the Spanish claims.
E. were more interested in setting up permanent colonies than the Spanish.
66. Central to the belief of Twelver Shiism was the idea that
A. any true believer could be the leader of the Islamic world.
B. the twelfth infallible imam was still alive and would return to spread his faith.
C. Ali had betrayed the prophet Muhammad and therefore his descendants could not rule.
D. there were twelve principle manifestations of Allah.
E. there were Twelve Commandments.
67. Justinian's most important and long-lasting political achievement was
A. his reconquest of the western half of the Roman Empire.
B. his democratic reforms.
C. his religious compromise between the Roman Catholic and the Greek Orthodox churches.
D. his codification of Roman law.
E. his establishment of a lasting peace with the Islamic world.
68. The founder of the Ottoman Turks was
A. Chaghatai.
B. Osman.*
C. Ilklan Ghazan.
D. Mehmed II.
E. Tamerlane.
69. During the High Middle Ages, the most popular saint was
A. St. Peter.
B. St. Dominic.
C. St. Francis.
D. the Virgin Mary.
E. St. James.
70. After 340 C.E., the capital of the Roman world became
A. Rome.
B. Antioch.
C. Alexandria.
D. Constantinople.
E. Milan.
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71. Axum was
A. a Christian kingdom in Ethiopia.
B. the founder of the Ghana state.
C. the capital of the Swahili city-states.
D. the great creator god of most sub-Saharan religions.
E. a Swahili slave.
72. Which of the following was not a part of Peter the Great's policy of westernization?
A. creating a more modern army
B. political liberalization
C. sending Russians to western Europe for education
D. encouraging men to shave their beards
E. bureaucratic reform
73. The sharia
A. were Islamic mystics who traveled the trade routes to spread the faith.
B. prescribed religious observances and social relationships based on the Quran.
C. was the Persian term for the changing monsoon winds that dominated trade across the Indian Ocean.
D. called for an Islamic holy war against the nonbelievers.
E. were Mongol scouts whose work was key to Mongol military success.
74. In an effort to stabilize China internally, the Ming emperors
A. accepted the Yuan traditions that had been in place for a century.
B. stressed Chinese traditions from the era before the Mongol Yuan dynasty.
C. followed the more successful Indian centralization model.
D. adopted the methods used by the powerful early modern European states.
E. copied the centralizing techniques that had proved so successful in Japan.
75. According to Procopius, two sixth century Christian monks undertook an elaborate smuggling operation to provide Byzantium
with the knowledge to produce
A. steel.
B. iron.
C. ceramics.
D. gunpowder.
E. silk.
76. One of the factors that made African slavery different from the varieties practiced elsewhere was that
A. African slavery was much more brutal than any other form of slavery.
B. African slavery began much later than slavery in the rest of the world.
C. African slavery was practiced almost entirely for religious rather than financial reasons.
D. African law did not recognize private property and thus slaves served as a measure of personal wealth.
E. African slavery didn't last very long.
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77. Zahir al-Din Muhammad's main inspiration for conquering India was
A. to be recognized as a ghazi.
B. to act as a champion of Shiism.
C. to win fame and conquer territory like his ancestor Chinggis Khan.
D. to win converts for his own dream of a universal world religion.
E. to form a united Indian and Chinese trading network.
78. In an effort to strengthen the Mongol fighting forces, Chinggis Khan
A. emphasized the traditional tribal affiliations.
B. traded with the Europeans to obtain more powerful modern artillery.
C. disbanded the Mongol cavalry and instead placed emphasis on the infantry.
D. inspired them with a devotion to Allah.
E. formed new military units with no tribal affiliations.
79. The Treaty of Tordesillas
A. granted England control over Australia.
B. split Central and South America between Spain and Portugal.
C. ended the Seven Years' War.
D. limited Spanish northern expansion at modern-day Florida.
E. ended the English practice of raiding Spanish treasure galleons.
80. In the centuries following the fall of Rome, the only unifying force for all of Europe was
A. the Byzantine empire.
B. the Holy Roman empire.
C. the Catholic church.
D. the Auld Alliance.
E. the Umayyad dynasty.
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Ap Review Exam Ch. 1-30 Key
1. (p. 601) A
2. (p. 703) D
3. (p. 724) E
4. (p. 635) D
5. (p. 315) D
6. (p. 466) C
7. (p. 71) B
8. (p. 429) B
9. (p. 32) C
10. (p. 355) D
11. (p. 488) B
12. (p. 634) D
13. (p. 487) C
14. (p. 609) C
15. (p. 566) E
16. (p. 601) A
17. (p. 175) B
18. (p. 166-168) B
19. (p. 464) A
20. (p. 304) C
21. (p. 390) A
22. (p. 431) D
23. (p. 437) E
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24. (p. 429) A
25. (p. 6) A
26. (p. 735) E
27. (p. 436) A
28. (p. 183) C
29. (p. 93) A
30. (p. 211) A
31. (p. 213) B
32. (p. 33) B
33. (p. 502) E
34. (p. 744) D
35. (p. 654) B
36. (p. 696) D
37. (p. 601) B
38. (p. 586) C
39. (p. 671) C
40. (p. 458) B
41. (p. 485) D
42. (p. 371) B
43. (p. 231) B
44. (p. 631) B
45. (p. 110-111) D
46. (p. 438) D
47. (p. 427) D
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48. (p. 298) C
49. (p. 581) B
50. (p. 140) B
51. (p. 481) E
52. (p. 477) C
53. (p. 733) E
54. (p. 386-387 & 390) C
55. (p. 705) B
56. (p. 117) A
57. (p. 36) E
58. (p. 658) B
59. (p. 434) B
60. (p. 457) B
61. (p. 514) C
62. (p. 23) B
63. (p. 506 & 523) C
64. (p. 81) A
65. (p. 673) E
66. (p. 758) B
67. (p. 317) D
68. (p. 472) B
69. (p. 517) D
70. (p. 303) D
71. (p. 495) A
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72. (p. 644645) B
73. (p. 571) B
74. (p. 725) B
75. (p. 313) E
76. (p. 706) D
77. (p. 759) C
78. (p. 461) E
79. (p. 671) B
80. (p. 632) C
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