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(Part 1) The New Nation KEY CONCEPTS • George Washington and the new federal government • Hamilton’s economic plan promoted manufacturing and enlarged the role of government. • The Bank of the United States and the tariff were opposed in rural areas and southern states. Ch. 10 - 12 Ratification of the Constitution – hippo campus: http://www.hippocampus.org/History%20%26%20Government;jsessionid=84E1F91FC65EEED11F2884E333B01B0D The Federalist Era • March 1789 - Electoral College • Bill of Rights (1791) • Judiciary Act (1789) – Supreme Court – John Jay, Chief Justice • Protective tariff The New Executive • Executive Cabinet – Thomas Jefferson - secretary of state – Alexander Hamilton - secretary of the treasury – Henry Knox - secretary of war – Edmund Randolph – attorney general The HAMILTONIAN Vision VERSUS The JEFFERSONIAN Vision • Alexander Hamilton – Commercial and manufacturing • Thomas Jefferson – Agrarian future Under Hamilton’s Guidance • Economic growth and expansion – Mercantilist Plan • Hamilton’s Program Four Major Features of Hamilton’s Program: 1. Tariff of 1789 2. Report on Public Credit – – Southern states oppose compromise: Assumption Bill 3. Report on Manufacturing 4. National Bank – Bank of the United States – “Loose” vs “Strict” (Art. 1, Sec VIII, para. 18) – Congress approves it. Political Theories: Hamilton vs Jefferson • ISSUE #1: Loose or strict construction. Should the Constitution be interpreted loosely to grant implied powers to the federal government? • ISSUE #2: Manufacturing versus agriculture. Should urban commerce and manufacturing be promoted as much as agriculture? • ISSUE #3: Should the common people be trusted with government? • ISSUE #4: The French Revolution. Should the United States view the French Revolution with sympathy and approval? Ch. 10 Great Debate (1791–1801): Whose political theories and programs are more conducive to creating a strong, free Republic: Hamilton’s or Jefferson’s? The Federalists (Hamilton Movement) – Represented the interests of the capitalist class. – Favored the expansion of the federal government’s power and a “loose” interpretation of the Constitution. – It maintained that the future of the nation was dependent on developing manufacturing and industry. Alexander Hamilton on a national bank – youtube : http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=Oy7IFSS-F0I The Dem-Republicans (Jefferson Movement) • Represented the interests of the common man, the farmer, and was therefore a movement that further democratized the United States. • • • It was anti-capitalistic (favoring the subsistence farmer). Favored limitations on the power of the federal government and a “strict” interpretation of the Constitution. It maintained that the future of the nation was dependent on maintaining an agrarian society. Classwork/Homework • The Bill of Rights • Use page A42-A43, to complete assignment