Download Deep System Integration Stages of Development

Movement Improvement – Deep System Integration
Stages of Development – 30% of children do not develop normal
muscle activation patterns (2006, Course Notes, Pavel Kolar).
The first 12 months of life is a period of rapid development within the
central nervous system (CNS). As the CNS matures the development of
the musculoskeletal structures follows a predictable path. This is the
time of great plasticity in the brain and genetically predetermined
movement patterns develop rapidly with the vertical maturation of the
CNS. As the CNS matures, muscles become progressively integrated
into postural function and influence the formation of the anatomical
structures. This process continues until the fourth year by which time
central motor control of gross motor function reaches full maturity.
4-6 Weeks Optical Fixation
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Integrating deep neck flexors
Anti-gravity co-activation flexors and extensors. This co-activation
will play a critical role in joint stabilization and body posture.
External rotators and shoulders
3-6 Months
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Spinal extension on hands – balanced action of the back
extensors, deep neck flexors and the abdominal wall. When this is
achieved effectively, the balance muscle function leads to
maximum contact between the joint articular surfaces and
optimal joint centering occurs.
Shoulder blades fixed in position by lower trapezius, rhomboids
and serratus anterior and this aids the straightening of the spine.
Develop oblique abdominal patterns – rolling and crawling (1st
Belly pattern & 2nd Belly Pattern)
Prone support is formed by the triangle of the elbows and the
pubic symphysis. While in supine the support is at the nuchael
line, inferior angle of the scapular and the upper quadrant of the
glutei.
6-8 Months
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Contralateral locomotor patterns
Reaching in prone – with the base of support being the elbow
and ASIS on one side and the medial epicondyle of the femur on
the opposite leg.
7-9 Months
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Support on hands and knees – rock back/forward diagonally
Oblique sitting position supporting on the medial glutei and one
hand and from this position the baby begins to crawl.
8-10 Months
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Crawling and reaching
10-12 Months
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Walking – Fine tuning of motor pattern/sensory
Understanding the anatomy
Foot: Tripod Stability
Knee: Suspension System
Hip: Stable Ball & Socket - Large ROM for locomotion
Pelvis: Gear Box
Spine: Chain
Lower Rib Cage: Platform for Diaphragm
Shoulder Joint: Unstable Ball & Socket – Relies on steering muscles of
the Rotator Cuff for controlled angular change. The scapula is
suspended over the rib cage and moves around the rib cage
supported by the periscapular muscles which allow the necessary joint
angles for arm movement.
Engine: Power muscles - Quads, Hamstrings, Gastrocnemius, Calves –
Connected through long chains
Deep Muscle System: Continuously working in the background
Muscle Balance Tests
Active Straight Leg Raise – Lying supine, lift one leg about 6 inches off
the floor. Repeat on the other side and find out from the client which
leg is ‘heavier’ or ‘harder’ to lift. Keep re-testing the heavy leg only
during the remaining muscle balance tests.
What do you do with people who can’t tell which leg is heavier?
1. Look at the athlete’s belly button – breakdown is to the side that
the belly button displaces. With major weakness you will also
generally see a twist or rotation.
2. If you still can’t tell, place your hands under the ilium and feel for
which hip drops into your hands.
3. Ask the athlete to hold the leg for a longer period and see which
one takes more work to hold in place.
Head Lift Test – Lying supine, assess whether client can lift their head
without lifting their shoulders off the floor, look for proper activation of
the deep neck flexors.
What should you see?
1. The head should lift as an integrated unit with the neck. No
protraction of the chin or obvious muscle activation of the
scalenes or sternocleidomastoid (i.e. muscles shouldn’t be
popping out of the neck)
Breathing Test – Lying supine, ask client to take a full deep breath, look
for posterolateral diaphragmatic breathing. Client’s chest should not
rise and fall with breath.
When you can help your athletes achieve posterolateral breathing,
reintegrating the diaphragm into the system you will facilitate Psoas to
function correctly and switch TFL off as a primary hip flexor.
DIAPHRAGM ON→ PSOAS ON→ TFL OFF
Prone Hip Extension Test – Lying prone, place palms over client’s
shoulder blades, instruct client to extend a straight leg (lift heel to the
roof). There should be no change in pressure under palms – i.e. no
Latissimus Dorsi activation to compensate for weak gluts or disrupted
oblique muscle chains.
Diaphragm & Upper Abs – Place palms over the anterior/inferior
surface of the rib cage inline with the xiphyoid process. Apply
downward pressure until the sternoclavicular notch, xiphyoid process
and pubis
Lower Abdominal Wall – Place palms over the lateral aspect of the
ASIS, apply inward pressure, as if you were trying to clap your hands. Do
not push so hard that your hands are displaced from their original
position.
Deep Back Muscles – Place palms over the posterior aspect of each
ilium and slide the two hemispheres together. Do not compress toward
the body too hard, simply feel as if you are trying to touch the tips of
your fingers together.
Left Lower Ab/Right Deep Back - Place palm over the lateral aspect of
the left ASIS, apply inward pressure, and place palm over the posterior
aspect of the right ilium and slide the hemisphere toward the midline.
Right Lower Ab/ Left Deep Back - Place palm over the lateral aspect of
the right ASIS, apply inward pressure, and place palm over the posterior
aspect of the left ilium and slide the hemisphere toward the midline.
Floor – Dead Cockroach: to reset the neuromuscular system and
improve the integration of the deep stabilization system as well as link
and synchronize long chain power muscles.
Floor – Dead Cockroach w/ arms: when predominately a diaphragm
problem and upper abdominals
Floor – Dead Cockroach 1st: when predominately an oblique chain
dysfunction with predominantly lower abdominal dysfunction in rolling
pattern also feeds up into serratus rhomboids etc.
Floor – Dead Cockroach 2nd: when predominately an oblique chain
dysfunction with reduced scapula stabilization, integrating rhomboids
and serratus anterior into the abdominal wall to help fixate the lower rib
cage.
Neck Bolts: to improve diaphragm breathing and help fixate the lower
rib cage.
Floor - Elbow, Knee leg Lift (Cockroach): when predominately a
thoracic and lower cervical extension dysfunction with reduced lumbar
& pelvic control and over activation of the Latsissimus Dorsi. Remember
this is a support phase exercise for the arm and scapula when lifting leg
and support phase exercise of leg pelvis and lumbar spine when lifting
one arm.