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Earth Science Chapter 27 Worksheet 1 Name ____________________________ Block ____________________________ Match the definitions to the correct word or term A. Time of year during which Earth’s axis is at a 90O angle to the Sun B. Furthest point in the Moon’s elliptical orbit to Earth C. Closest point in the Moon’s elliptical orbit to Earth D. When the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, blocking Earth’s view of the Sun ____ 1. Lunar eclipse ____ ____ ____ 2. Regolith 3. Interferometry 4. Ecliptic plane ____ 5. Albedo ____ 6. Electromagnetic spectrum ____ 7. Apogee ____ ____ 8. Rille 9. Reflecting telescope H. Telescope that uses lenses to focus visible light I. Material that falls back to the lunar surface after being blasted out by the impact of a space object ____ ____ ____ 10. Solstice 11. Highland 12. Refracting telescope J. Dark-colored, smooth plains on the Moon surface K. Long trail of ejecta that radiates outward from a Moon crater L. All types of electromagnetic radiation arranged according to wavelength and frequency ____ 13. Perigee M. Period when the Sun is overhead at its farthest distance either north or south of the equator ____ 14. Ray N. Percentage of sunlight that is reflected by the surface of a planet or satellite ____ ____ 15. Equinox 16. Maria O. Layer of loose, ground-up rock on the lunar surface P. Valleylike structure that meanders across some regions of the Moon’s surface ____ 17. Solar eclipse Q. Light-colored, mountainous, heavily crated area of the Moon, composed mostly of lunar breccias ____ 18. Ejecta R. Process that links separate telescopes so they act as one, producing more detailed images ____ ____ 19. Synchronous rotation 20. Impact crater S. Telescope that uses mirrors to focus visible light T. Plane of Earth’ orbit around the Sun E. Crater formed when space material impacted on Moon’s surface F. The state at which the Moon’s orbital and rotational periods are equal G. When Earth passes between the Sun and the Moon, and Earth’s shadow falls on the Moon Circle the letter that corresponds to the correct answer 21. Which is the highest point in the sky that the Sun reaches on a given day? a. Ecliptic b. Solstice c. Tropic d. Zenith 22. Which type of electromagnetic radiation has a longer wavelength than visible light a. Gamma ray b. X-ray c. Radio wave d. Ultraviolet ray 23. Which geographic features on the Moon are most likely to be the oldest? a. Craters b. Highlands c. Maria d. Regolith 24. What is the mineral composition of most moon rocks? a. Basalts containing water b. Feldspar with high iron content c. Sedimentary breccias d. Silicates 25. Which layer of the Moon is partially molten? a. Core b. Lower mantle c. Upper mantle d. Crust 26. Which layer of the Moon is probably solid iron? a. Core b. Lower mantle c. Upper mantle d. Crust 27. Which of the following best describes an impact basin? a. The white glow around the edges of the Moon b. A round, three-dimensional object c. The hollow left behind by an object striking the Moon d. An elongated, closed curve 28. Which theory do scientists think best accounts for the similarity of age and composition between the Moon and Earth? a. Earth formed before the Moon b. The Moon formed before Earth c. Earth and the Moon formed at about the same time from dust and gas d. The Moon was once part of Earth and broke away as a result of a large impact 29. Which of the following is caused by Earth’s rotation? a. The year b. Day and night c. The seasons d. Earth’s tilt 30. Which factor is one cause of the difference in the noontime altitude of the Sun on June 21 and December 21? a. The tilt of Earth’s axis b. The Sun’s apparent diameter c. Earth’s changing distance from the Sun d. The Sun’s period of rotation 31. What causes tides? a. Gravitational attraction of the Moon and the Sun b. Rotation of the Moon on it axis c. Movement of the tectonic plates d. The Coriolis effect Answer the following questions 32. Distinguish between reflecting and refracting telescopes. 33. Examine the reasons why astronomers send telescopes and probes into space. 34. Assess the benefits of technology spinoffs to society. 35. Classify the following according to age: maria, highlands, and rilles. 36. Distinguish the steps involved in the impact theory of lunar formation. 37. Compare solar and lunar eclipses, including the positions of the Sun, Earth, and Moon. 38. What would seasons be like if Earth were not tilted on its axis? 39. Would ocean tides exist if Earth had no moon? If so, describe what they would be like