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1) Naming alcohols Suffix = -ol Functional group: -OH Structural formula Prefix = hydroxy- Name CH3CH2OH CH3CH(OH)CH3 CH3CH2CH(OH)CH3 CH3C(CH3)2CH2OH (CH3)3COH O 2) Naming aldehydes Functional group: Structural formula C H Suffix = -al Name CH3CHO CH3CH2CH2CH2CHO (CH3)2CHCHO CH3CH=CHCHO CH2BrCH2CHO © www.CHEMSHEETS.co.uk 11-Jul-12 Chemsheets AS 046 O 3) Functional group: Naming ketones Suffix = -one C Structural formula Prefix = oxo- Name CH3COCH3 CH3CH2CH2COCH3 CH3COCH2CH3 CH3COCH(CH3)2 O 4) Naming carboxylic acids Functional group: C Structural formula OH Suffix = -oic acid Name CH3CH2COOH CH3CH(CH3)CH2COOH (CH3)3CCH2COOH 5) Some extra practice Draw the structure if the name is given or vice versa. a) butanal i) CH3CH2COCH(CH3)2 b) butan-1-ol j) CH3CHBrCH2CH2(OH) c) CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2COOH k) 3-oxobutanal d) CH3COCH2CH2CH3 l) 2,2-difluorobutanoic acid e) 3-methylbutan-1-ol m) 4-hydroxypentanoic acid f) 1-chlorobutanone n) CH2=CHCH2COOH g) but-3-enal o) CH3CH(OH)CH2COCH3 h) (CH3)2C(OH)CH2COOH p) CCl3COOH © www.CHEMSHEETS.co.uk 11-Jul-12 Chemsheets AS 046