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Argentine Horned Frog Also called “Ornate Horned Frog”, “Bell’s Horned Frog”, or “Pacman Frog” LONGEVITY – ave. 6-7 yrs; up to 10 yrs. RANGE – SA; Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay HABITAT – grasslands/wetlands; freshwater-near temporary water (pools, ditches, irrigated croplands); burrows in muddy vegetation forest floors DIET – carnivore: insects, small birds, mammals, lizards, frogs; anything that can fit in its mouth, and will even attempt things that are bigger than itself REPRODUCTION – 1000-2000 eggs laid on the bottom of temporary ponds; ideally will only take 2 weeks for complete metamorphosis (egg, tadpole, froglet) ADAPTATION – diurnal; sits & waits for prey to approach; quickly attacks and swallows whole; large mouth frog; bumpy texture & mottled coloration help them camouflage into rainforest floor leaf litter; vomerine teeth (on roof of the mouth) and teeth around the outside of the jaws CONSERVATION – IUCN lists as “Near Threatened” since species is in significant decline due to intense persecution, habitat loss, water/soil pollution; persecuted due to mistaken belief they are venomous; rare in Argentina and has disappeared from at least 2 sites in Uruguay Chacoan Horned Frog Also called “Cranwell’s Horned Frog” or “Pacman Frog” LONGEVITY – ave. 6-7 yrs; up to 10 yrs. RANGE – Chacoan region of Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay HABITAT – terrestrial; grasslands/wetlands, tropical forests DIET – carnivore; large portion consists of other frogs, also insects, worms, mammals, birds, lizards; tadpoles are cannabalistic REPRODUCTION – breeds during first heavy rains of the year; may not reproduce every year; eggs scattered on the bottom of ponds; may metamorphise in 3 weeks ADAPTATION – may estivate for months during cool droughts, remaining dormant and surviving on stored fat deposits, plus develop a thick layer of skin to trap moisture and aid respiration; often eats the skin layer after estivation period; ambush predator; known to suffocate while attempting to eat animals they cannot swallow; teeth make it nearly impossible to release prey after taking hold of it in their mouths; camouflage with forest litter; nocturnal CONSERVATION – IUCN lists as least concern; pops are common but declining in southern part of range; local humans persecute due to mistaken belief it is venomous; collected for pet trade