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Tendinitis
Definition
Tendinitis is inflammation, irritation, and swelling of a tendon, which is the fibrous structure that joins muscle to bone.
In many cases, tendinosis (tendon degeneration) is also present.
Causes
Tendinitis can occur as a result of injury, overuse, or with aging as the tendon loses elasticity. It can also be seen in
persons with body-wide (systemic) diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or diabetes.
Tendinitis can occur in any tendon, but some commonly affected sites include the:
Elbow
Heel (Achilles tendinitis)
Shoulder
Wrist
Symptoms
Pain and tenderness along a tendon, usually near a joint
Pain at night
Pain that is worse with movement or activity
Treatment
The goal of treatment is to relieve pain and reduce inflammation.
Rest or immobilization of the affected tendons is helpful for recovery. This may be achieved using a splint
or a removable brace. The application of heat or cold to the affected area can help.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs), such as aspirin or ibuprofen, can also reduce both
pain and inflammation. Steroid injections into the tendon sheath can also be very useful in controlling pain
and allowing physical therapy to start.
Physical therapy that stretches and strengthens the muscle and tendon is essential. This can restore the
tendon's ability to function properly, improve healing, and prevent future injury.
Rarely, surgery is needed to physically remove the inflammatory tissue from around the tendon.
Outlook (Prognosis)
Symptoms improve with treatment and rest. If the injury is caused by overuse, a change in work habits may be
indicated to prevent recurrence of the problem.
Possible Complications
Long-term inflammation raises the risk of further injury, such as rupture
Tendinitis symptoms return
When to Contact a Medical Professional
Call for an appointment with your health care provider if symptoms of tendinitis occur.
Prevention
Avoid repetitive motion and overuse of the arms and legs.
Keep all your muscles strong and flexible.
Warm up by exercising at a relaxed pace before engaging in vigorous activity.
For more information, visit the Franciscan Health Library at www.FHSHealth.org/Health_Education.aspx