Download Unit 11: The Cold War

Unit 11: The Cold War
BATTLE OF THE SUPERPOWERS: 1946-1991
Textbook Help
 Remember your textbook has a lot of extra
information that can really help you learn more
about the Cold War.
 We will be using Chapter 31.5 and all of chapter 33
Unit 11 FOQs
 What was happening in Europe right after WW2?
 What did the United States want to do in Europe
after WW2? What were its goals?
 What did the United States do to fight communism
during the Cold War?
 Why and how did the Soviet Union collapse?
End of the War
Because of Allied airpower and the
brutality of war, many cities were
destroyed and countless people left
victimized and homeless.
World War Two was the most
destructive conflict in human history.
Over 12 million soldiers died and
Over 20 million civilians. Check out pg.
792
The Allied leaders meet in 1945 to
decide how Europe would be
repaired after the war was over.
The two meetings were in Yalta
and Potsdam. During those
meetings the United States and
Great Britain wanted democracy to
be established in Europe while
Stalin wanted the Soviet style
communism to dominate. This was
the start of BIG TROUBLE!
FOQ #1: What was happening in Europe right
after WW2?
After the end of WW2,
many important things
happened.
Bad Guys were held
responsible, one time
allies became enemies,
and the rebuilding of
Europe began.
Check out 31.5 and use
this section to complete
Homework #1
HW #1
 Read pages 791-793.
 Create an Idea Web that identifies all the stuff that
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happened in Europe right after World War Two.
Use the sample on page 791 for help.
Stop at “New Conflicts Develop” on page 793.
Due next class
For EXTRA CREDIT add more than what is required
to your idea web. Add more events that happened
after WW2, add additional details to the events. The
more you do, the more extra credit you can get.
Nuremburg Trials
NAZI leaders and those
responsible for war crimes
were put on trial by the
Allies after the war at
Nuremburg.
Those responsible for
the Holocaust and for
cruelty in the Death
Camps were punished.
Japanese war crimes trials
were also held in Japan.
The End of an Alliance
Very soon after the end of WW2, the
Soviet Union and the United States
became distrustful of each other and
enemies. Great Britain sided with the U.S.
Soon, these negative feelings began to show
as Europe became divided. One side
supporting the U.S. and the other
supporting the Soviet Union.
The Soviet Union cut off all of Eastern
Europe from the western part. Churchill
called it an “Iron Curtain.”
End of Day #1
 Review FOQ #1
 Please review your notes and homework assignment.
 Now, in your own words and/or pictures create an
answer for FOQ #1
FOQ #2: What did the United States want to do in the world
after WW2? What were its goals?
The United
States want to
accomplish two
important
things in the
world.
First, it wanted
to rebuild and
feed
Europeans.
Second, it
wanted to
contain the
Soviet Union
and not allow it
to spread
communism.
The Rebuilding of Europe
The United States wanted
to rebuild Europe and
provide food for its
people…especially in
Germany.
Named after the Supreme
Allied Commander, George
Marshall, the United States
spent billions of dollars to
rebuild and feed much of
Europe. Check out the map.
Battle of the Superpowers: The Cold War Begins
Neither the
United States
nor the Soviet
Union would
back down
against one
another.
This leads to
over forty years
of conflict and
rivalry that
would change
the world
forever.
Two Countries Control the World
What is a Superpower?
*strong economy
*Huge geographic area
*Tons of natural
resources
*Atomic weapons
What is Cold War?
*Indirect conflict
*wars by proxy
*Intense rivalries
HW #2: A Battle of Ideologies
 Communism vs. Democracy/Capitalism
 Cut and paste to use the link below to see
what the two countries were thinking.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/history/mwh/ir2/
ideologicaldifferencesrev1.shtml
 Make a “T” chart that lists the characteristics of the
two ideologies that would guide the superpowers
United States and the Soviet Union.
 Lastly, take the “Bite Test” at the end of the link and
see how well you did!
End of Day #2
 Review FOQ #2
 Please review your notes and homework assignment.
 Now, in your own words and/or pictures create an
answer for FOQ #2
FOQ #3: What did the United States do to fight communism
during the Cold War?
The United States did many things
to try and ensure that communism
would not spread from Eastern
Europe.
The United States used its incredible
wealth and powerful military to
confront and stop the Soviet Union’s
effort to spread communism
throughout the world…This was
called the Truman Doctrine.
In some cases, the US was successful,
in others not so much. Here are
some examples:
Protect Germany and Berlin
Efforts to keep Germany
democratic failed as the
USSR was allowed to control
the eastern half of the
country.
Even though Berlin was in the
east, the US and others
worked hard to make sure at
least part of the city would
remain free from Soviet
influence.
West Berlin remained free
while East Berlin was put
behind an actual wall.
HW #3
 Read “Berlin Airlift” on page 794-795.
 Study the political cartoon on page 797.
 Carefully read, copy, and answer questions 26, 27,
and 28.
 Due next class.
Chinese Civil War
After the end of World
War Two, two groups in
China battled to decide
the future of their
country. One side was
supported by the United
States and the other
supported by the Soviet
Union.
What side won the civil
war?
Korean War
American president Harry
Truman presented his plan to
contain the spread of
communism throughout the
world.
America’s wealth and military
power would be used to attempt
to stop communism.
The Korean War (1950-1952) was a
perfect example of the Truman
Doctrine in action. US backed
South Korea battled China/USSR
backed North Korea.
The war ended without a clear
winner. Two Koreas would exist.
Later Conflicts
By the 1960s, there were a
number of different conflicts
during the Cold War.
The Cuban Missile Crisis was
when the Soviet Union
delivered nuclear missiles to
Cuba.
Later in the 1960s and
1970s, there was another
conflict in Asia. This time in
Vietnam. Like the Korean
War, the North was fighting
the South. Guess who’s
behind this war?
The Space Race
The United States and
the Soviet Union both
recognized the need to
conquer space travel.
While the USSR was
first in many ways, the
United States traveled
to the moon several
times and was overall
much more successful
in establishing human
presence in space
End of Day #3
 Review FOQ #3.
 Please review your notes and homework assignment.
 Now, in your own words and/or pictures create an
answer for FOQ #3.
FOQ #4: Why and how did the Soviet Union
collapse?
The collapse of the Soviet
Union and the end of the Cold
War happened for many
reasons.
The stresses caused by
economic, political, and
military problems really
illustrated how weak the Soviet
Union had become during the
forty plus years of the Cold
War.
Economic Problems
After the end of WW2, both
the US and USSR had
powerful economies.
As the Cold War continued
through the 1950, 1960, up to
the 1980s, look where billions
of dollars was being spent.
Nuclear weapons.
Where could that money have
been spent by USSR?
The Soviet communist system
required huge economic
support to other communist
countries.
This support began to fail!!
Political Problems
By the 1980s, the economic
problems in the Soviet Union
began to affect their ability to
control the satellite countries.
Poland, East Germany,
Czechoslovakia, and others who
relied on Russian money ,
found their funding cut. Why
would this funding be so
important for control?
The Solidarity Movement in
Poland and the Velvet
Revolution in Czechoslovakia
proved that people of Eastern
Europe wanted independence.
Pro-democracy demonstrators in
Czechoslovakia
By 1989, soviet control over
Eastern Europe collapsed!
Military Problems
The Soviet Union spent
billions of rubbles to keep up
with the United States
military spending.
In addition to the arms race,
the USSR also got involved in
foreign conflicts such as in
Afghanistan.
Ultimately, the desire to keep a strong
and powerful military led to the downfall
of the USSR.
Lastly, the Soviet Union spent
a lot of money supporting
Eastern European
governments that used
military threat to keep their
people under control.
End of Day #4
 Review FOQ #4
 Please review your notes and homework assignment.
 Now, in your own words and/or pictures create an
answer for FOQ #4
Sum It Up Quiz
 The Soviet Union and the United States were the two superpowers after World
War Two. What is a superpower?
 The United States and Soviet Union each controlled parts of Europe. What was
the symbolic term used to describe the divide between the east and west?
 The United States rebuilt and fed Europe for the purpose of helping Western
Europe regain its strength. What was the name of the plan to accomplish this?
 The United States decided to confront and contain communism all over the
world. What was the name given for this philosophy?
 The USSR’s inability to support eastern European powers led to pro-democracy
movements. Name two of those movements that happened in Eastern
European countries.