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North Tyneside Brass in Schools Dynamics In music, “dynamics” means how loud or quiet to play a piece of music. Symbols are used to indicate the loudness/quietness e.g. f = loud and p = soft or quiet, as shown by the volume chart below: loud quiet Symbol Italian word Meaning ff fortissimo very loud f forte loud mf mezzo forte a bit loud mp mezzo piano a bit quiet p piano quiet pp pianissimo very quiet “Crescendo”, or “cresc” for short, means get gradually louder. It is also indicated by a stretched “<” symbol: p f “Diminuendo”, or “dim” for short, means get gradually softer or quieter. It is also indicated by a stretched “>” symbol: f p