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North Tyneside Brass in Schools
Dynamics
In music, “dynamics” means how loud or quiet to play a piece of music.
Symbols are used to indicate the loudness/quietness e.g. f = loud and p = soft or quiet, as
shown by the volume chart below:
loud
quiet
Symbol
Italian word
Meaning
ff
fortissimo
very loud
f
forte
loud
mf
mezzo forte
a bit loud
mp
mezzo piano
a bit quiet
p
piano
quiet
pp
pianissimo
very quiet
“Crescendo”, or “cresc” for short, means get gradually louder. It is also
indicated by a stretched “<” symbol:
p
f
“Diminuendo”, or “dim” for short, means get gradually softer or quieter. It is
also indicated by a stretched “>” symbol:
f
p