Download Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Notes

ATP
Energy in Living
Systems
1. How do living things get energy?
- Energy is stored in macromolecules (Fats,
Carbs, Proteins)
- Producers make sugar and break it down
- Consumers eat food and break it down
ATP
2. How is energy transformed?
- When food is broken down using oxygen,
energy (ATP) is made along with carbon
dioxide and water. - This is called cellular respiration ATP
sugars
- Begins in the
cytoplasm, finishes
in the mitochondria
food
O2
CO2
3. Cellular Respiration Requirements
-Furnace
Mitochondria
-Fuel
sugars
Food
-Helpers
Oxygen and enzymes
-Products
ATP
ATP
-Waste
Carbon Dioxide and water
H 2O
CO2
4. Respiration Equation
glucose + oxygen → energy + carbon + water
ATP
sugars
dioxide
CO2
C6H12O6 +
6O2
H 2O
→ ATP + 6CO2 + 6H2O
5. Three Major steps in Respiration
1. Glycolysis (no oxygen)
Where: Cytoplasm What: Sugar split in half
2 ATP
2. Krebs Cycle (oxygen)
Where: Mitochondria What: Electrons removed
2 ATP
3. Electron Transport Chain (oxygen) Where: Mitochondria What: ATP produced
using energy from electrons 34 ATP
6. Importance of Oxygen
- What happens after glycolysis depends on
oxygen
- Oxygen present = aerobic respiration
- No oxygen= Anaerobic respiration or
fermentation
- Some organisms (bacteria) only do anaerobic O2
7. Fermentation
Two Types (both make ATP) 2
1. Lactic Acid- Performed by animals,
including humans. Causes burning, cramps
soreness
O
2. Alcohol- Performed by bacteria and yeast,
Alcohol is made as a waste Products- Bread, cheese, yogurt, beer, wine
8. Plants are energy producers
- Plants need energy to live - Plants are producers, they use the energy
from sunlight to build food (sugars) -Algae and bacteria are also producers sun
9. How do producers do this?
- Plants use energy from sunlight to make
chemical energy (ATP) and sugars (glucose,
starches etc) sun
ATP
sugars
10. What is energy used for
1. Growth (synthesis)
2. Reproduction 3. Movement
4. Temperature control 5. Active Transport 11. ATP is the energy that fuels life
- Adenosine Triphosphate 3 parts
1. Nitrogen Base
2. Sugar (ribose)
3. Three phosphate (energy)
ATP
12. Energy Release
- ATP is a fully charged battery
- energy is released when one of the
phosphates is released
- When ATP releases phosphate becomes
ADP
13. How is ATP made
- ATP is recycled from ADP by eating
- Foods (carbs, lipids, protein) contain energy
that is converted to ATP by respiration and
photosynthesis ATP
14. Photosynthesis
- Using sun’s energy to make ATP
- Using carbon dioxide and water to make
sugars
- in chloroplast (mostly leaves)
- allows plants to grow
- Waste product is oxygen CO2
H 2O
sun
sugars
15. Requirements
Place/Location
-Chloroplast Fuels
-sunlight -carbon dioxide
-water
Workers
-enzymes
-electron carriers
sun
CO2
H 2O