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Name _______________________ Date____ Color___ Temperature, Heat and Thermal Energy Learning Target: I can explain the differences between temperature, thermal energy and heat. PRE-LAB QUESTIONS: Temperature is the _______________________________________________ of the particles. Thermal energy is the ___________________________________________ of the particles. Heat is ____________________________________________________________________________. PURPOSE: In today’s investigation, you will explore how temperature changes when two substances are in contact with each other. The size of the change will tell you something about amount of thermal energy, which will help you learn the difference between thermal energy and temperature. COMBINING HOT METAL AND COLD WATER PREDICTION: Suppose you have a small cube of metal and a larger cube of the same metal. Both metals are hot and are the same temperature. Both metals are placed into separate cups of 75 g cold water. What do you think will happen to the temperature of the water in each of the cups? Why? ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ DO THE EXPERIMENT – hot metal and cold water – Record your results in the table below. Read the temperature of the final mixture at 30, 60 and 90 seconds after the metal object is placed in the water. Metal Mass (g) (measure after the metal has cooled) Metal temp before mix (° C) (Measure temperature of water metal came out of) Cold Water Cold water Mass (g) temp. before mix (°C) 75 g 75g Mixture temp (°C) (Temp of water 30 sec after metal is added) Mixture temp (°C) (Temp of water 60 sec after metal is added) Mixture temp (°C) (Temp of water 90 sec after metal is added) ANALYZE YOUR RESULTS: 1. How much did the temperature of the water change when mixed with the small sample of metal? In what direction? ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2. How much did the temperature of the water change when mixed with the larger sample of metal? In what direction? ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3. a. What was the independent variable in this experiment? _________________________________ b. What was the dependent variable in this experiment? __________________________________ c. What were some controlled factors in this experiment? _________________________________ 4. Draw a diagram of the hot metal in the cooler water, showing the transfer of energy using arrows. 5. Which sample of metal had more thermal energy when it was in the hot water at the start of the experiment? Support your answer to this question with data and observations from your lab. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 6. Thermal energy and temperature are related, but they are not the same thing. According to your results, what does the concept of thermal energy take into account that temperature does not? Use your best scientific vocabulary to answer. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________