Download GS130: Physical World Worksheet for Exam 3

GS130: Physical World
Worksheet for Exam 3
The third exam will cover everything discussed in class since the previous exam. This covers the
last part of chapter 8, chapters 9 through 11, and the class notes on the formation of the universe
& solar system (that covered through Thursday).
Bring: calculator, pen, pencil, eraser and ruler.
Topics covered:
Chapter 8. atomic spectra, Bohr’s model of the atom, quantum numbers.
Chapter 9. Classification of matter, compounds and elements, metals and nonmetals, chemical
activity, periodic table, shells and subshells, chemical bonding: covalent, ionic, metal.
Chapter 10. Properties of solids, solubility, polar and nonpolar liquids, acids and bases.
Chapter 11. Combustion, oxidation, endothermic and exothermic reactions, chemical energy,
fuels, chemical equilibrium.
The handouts given in class Composition of the solar system, Big Bang, nucleosynthesis, formation of solar system.
You’re expected to know:
age universe, age solar system,
And you should have a basic understanding of following figures/tables: 8-8, 8-9, 8-10, 8-13, 9-2,
9-5, table 9.6, 9-11, 9-13, 9-14, 10-1, 10-3, 10-7, 10-10, table 10-1, 10-12, 10-20, 11-3, 11-4.
Examples of exam questions.
1. a) Give at least three properties of a metal. b) Why do the transition metals have rather similar chemical properties? c) Explain
why kitchen salt has a high melting temperature, is brittle when whacked with a hammer and is easily dissolved in water. d) Explain
why the melting point of water is larger than that of dry ice (CO2 ). e) Why are ionic compounds in solution called electrolytes?
2. a) Write down the balanced equation for the oxidation of hydrogen to form water. b) When this reaction happens, 13.67 kJ per
gram of water is given off. c) Is this an exothermic or an endothermic reaction? d) How much energy do you need for the electrolytic
decomposition of 1 liter of water into hydrogen and oxygen gas?
3. a) Octane (C8 H18 ) burns with oxygen to form carbondioxide and water. b) Write down the balanced equation of this complete
combustion of octane. c) When there is a limited supply of oxygen, the combustion is not complete and carbonmonoxide may form as
a consequence. d) Why is it dangerous to burn gas or other fuels in a poorly ventilated place? e) Bituminous coal contains about 3%
of sulfur. Explain why acid rain may form when this type of coal is burned and give the two ’acids’ in the rain. Why is acid rain ’bad’
for the environment?
4. a) Explain how salt crystals dissolve in water. Why does fine grained salt dissolve faster than coarse grained salt? b) Why does salt
dissolve better in hot water than in cold water?
5. a) What are the two most abundant elements in the solar system? b) What are the two most abundant elements in the Earth’s interior? c) Why are these two sets different?
6. a) What two processes are responsible for the generation of the nuclides? b) Which of these two generates uranium? c) Why can’t
the other method produce uranium?
7. a) How did we discover that the Earth has a liquid outer core? b) What is the name of the process that caused the separation of the
Earth into a metallic core and a silicate mantle? c) When did this happen? d) How did this happen? e) Do we have evidence that
other planets form iron cores?