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Word 1) propaganda techniques 2) name-calling 3) bandwagon 4) red herring 5) emotional appeal 6) testimonial 7) repetition Definition attack on person instead of an issue attempts to distract reader with details not relevant to the argument tries to persuade reader by using words that appeal to reader’s emotions instead of logic or reason attempts to persuade reader by using famous person to endorse produce or idea 10) appeal to numbers, facts or statistics 11) satire attempts to persuade reader by showing how many people think something is true 12) sentence variety various sentence structures, styles and lengths that can enhance rhythm of or add emphasis to a piece of text; presence of multiple sentence structures (simple, complex, compound, compound-complex) and/or various sentence beginnings (dependent and independent clauses, phrases, single words) literary organizational form that presents the order in which tasks are to be performed 15) simile 16) soliloquy states a conclusion as part of the proof of the argument literary approach that ridicules or examines human vice or weakness comparison of two unlike things in which word of comparison (like or as) is used dramatic speech, revealing inner thoughts and feelings, spoken aloud by one character while alone on the stage elements of literature that emphasize sound 19) stage direction 20) structure of poem 21) style 22) suffix 23) summarize Gulliver’s Travels time and place in which a story unfolds 17) sound devices 18) speaker celebrity endorsement, Wheaties box attempts to persuade reader by repeating message again and again makes oversimplified statement about a group based on limited information 14) setting “He is a loser.” tries to persuade the reader to do, think or buy something because it is popular or because “everyone” is doing it 8) sweeping generalization (stereotyping) 9) circular argument 13) sequence of steps Examples persuasive tactics used to influence people to believe, buy or do something voice used by author to tell/narrate story or poem; speaker is often created identity and should not automatically be equated with author playwright’s written instructions provided in text of play about setting and how actors are to move and behave rhyming pattern, meter, grammar and imagery used by poet to convey meaning author’s choices regarding language, sentence structure, voice and tone in order to communicate with reader groups of letters placed after a word to alter its meaning or change it into different kind of word, from an adverb to adjective, etc. capture all of the most important parts of original text (paragraph, story, poem), but express them in much shorter space, and as much as possible in the reader’s own words The ant scurried as fast as a cheetah. assonance, consonance, alliteration, rhyme, onomatopoeia ly, less, ness 24) symbolism device in literature where an object represents an idea flag, eagle, heart 25) synonym word that is similar in meaning to another word sorrow, grief, sadness Definitions from PDE Keystone Exam: Literature Glossary