Download Name

Understanding Weather
Chapter II. Review
Name__________________________
Hr._______Date__________________
Pages 38-63
I. USING KEY TERMS
For each pair of terms, explain how the meanings of the terms differ.
1. relative humidity and dew point
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
2. condensation and precipitation
____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
3. air mass and front
____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
4. lightning and thunder
____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
5. tornado and hurricane
____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
6. barometer and anemometer
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
II. UNDERSTANDING KEY IDEAS
Multiple Choice
7. The process in which water changes from a liquid to gas is called
a. precipitation. c. evaporation.
b. condensation. d. water vapor.
8. What is the relative humidity of air at its dew point?
a. 0%
c. 75%
b. 50%
d. 100%
9. Which of the following is NOT a type of condensation?
a. fog
c. snow
b. cloud
d. dew
Page 1
Page 2
10. High clouds made of ice crystals are called _____ clouds.
a. stratus
c. nimbostratus
b. cumulus
d. cirrus
11. Large thunderhead clouds that produce precipitation are called _____ clouds.
a. nimbostratus
c. cumulus
b. cumulonimbus
d. stratus
12. Strong updrafts within a thunderhead can produce
a. snow.
c. sleet.
b. rain.
d. hail.
13. A maritime tropical air mass contains
a. warm, wet air.
c. warm, dry air.
b. cold, moist air.
d. cold, dry air.
14. A front that forms when a warm air mass is trapped between cold air masses
and is forced to rise is a(n)
a. stationary front.
c. occluded front.
b. warm front.
d. cold front.
15. A severe storm that forms as a rapidly rotating funnel cloud is called a
a. hurricane.
c. typhoon.
b. tornado.
d. thunderstorm.
16. The lines connecting points of equal air pressure on a weather map are called
a. contour lines.
c. isobars.
b. highs.
d. lows.
III. Short Answer
17. Explain the relationship between condensation and dew point.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
18. Describe the conditions along a stationary front.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
19. What are the characteristics of an air mass that forms over the Gulf of Mexico?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
20. Explain how a hurricane forms.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
21. Describe the water cycle, and explain how it affects weather.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
22. List the major similarities and differences between hurricanes and tornadoes.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
23. Explain how a tornado forms.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
24. Describe an interaction between weather and ocean systems.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
25. What is a station model? What types of information do station models
provide?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
26. What type of technology is used to locate and measure the amount of
precipitation in an area?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
27. List two ways to keep yourself informed during severe weather.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
28. Explain why staying away from floodwater is important even when the water
is shallow.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
29. Concept Mapping Use the following terms to create a concept map:
evaporation, relative humidity, water vapor, dew, psychrometer, clouds, and
fog.
Which is a
measure of
Which is
measured with a
increases
Which condenses to
form
Page 3
30. Making Inferences If both the air temperature and the amount of water vapor
in the air change, is it possible for the relative humidity to stay the same?
Explain.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
31. Applying Concepts What can you assume about the amount of water vapor in
the air if there is no difference between the wet- and dry-bulb readings of a
psychrometer?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
32. Identifying Relationships Explain why the concept of relative humidity is
important to understanding weather.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
IV. INTERPRETING GRAPHICS
Use the weather map below to answer the questions that follow.
33. Where are thunderstorms most likely to occur? Explain your answer.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
34. What are the weather conditions in Tulsa, Oklahoma? Explain your answer.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Page 4
Answers to chapter II Review
Pages 38-63
Chapter Review
1. Relative humidity is the amount of water vapor that the air contains relative to the
maximum amount the air can hold at a given temperature. Dew point is the
temperature to which air must cool to be saturated.
2. Condensation is the change of state from gas to a liquid. Precipitation is water that
falls from the atmosphere to the Earth.
3. An air mass is a large body of air that has the same moisture and temperature
throughout. A front is the boundary between two air masses.
4. Lightning is a large electric discharge that occurs between two oppositely charged
surfaces. Thunder is the sound that results from the rapid expansion of air along a
lightning strike.
5. A tornado is a small, rotating column of air that has high wind speed and that
touches the ground. A hurricane is a large, rotating tropical weather system with
wind speeds equal to or greater than 119 km/h.
6. A barometer is an instrument used to measure air pressure. An anemometer is an
instrument used to measure wind speed.
7. C
8. D
9. C
10. D
11. B
12. D
13. A
14. C
15. B
16. C
17. Air must cool to a temperature below its dew point before condensation can
occur.
18. Stationary fronts generally bring many days of cloudy, wet weather.
19. An air mass that forms over the Gulf of Mexico is warm and wet.
20. A hurricane begins as a group of thunderstorms moving over tropical ocean
waters. Winds traveling in two different directions collide, which causes the
storm to rotate over an area of low pressure. The hurricane is fueled by the
condensation of water vapor.
21. The water cycle is the continuous movement of water from the Earth’s surface, to
the air, and back to the surface. Weather is affected by evaporation, condensation,
and precipitation of water in the air.
22. Sample answer: Both begin as a result of thunderstorms and are centered around
low pressure. Hurricanes occur over water, and tornadoes generally occur over
land.
23. Cold, dry air meets warm, moist air and starts to spin. Updrafts of air turn the
spinning column vertical. The column moves to the bottom of the cloud and
becomes a funnel cloud. A funnel cloud becomes a tornado when it touches the
ground.
24. Sample answer: Evaporating ocean water fuels hurricanes in tropical regions.
25. Sample answer: A station model represents the location of a weather station and
shows temperature, precipitation, wind direction, and other data.
26. Radar is used to find the location, movement, and amount of precipitation.
27. Sample answer: Turn the TV and radio to local stations for weather information.
28. Sample answer: Even shallow water can be dangerous if moving quickly.
29.
1
1 Evaporation
2 Relative humidity
3 Water vapor
4 Psychrometer
5 Dew
6 Clouds
7 Fog
increases
2
Which is a
measure of
Which is
measured with a
3
4
Which condenses to
form
5
7
6
30. Sample answer: If air temperature rises, then the air can hold more water. If
vapor content in the air also increases, then relative humidity could stay the same.
31. Sample answer: It can be assumed that the relative humidity is 100% because no
water evaporated.
32. Sample answer: Precipitation can occur only when the air is saturated, which is
when the relative humidity is 100%.
33. Thunderstorms are most likely to occur in Chicago because a cold front is
approaching.
34. Tulsa is experiencing a stationary front and is probably receiving drizzly
precipitation.