Download the muscular system

THE MUSCULAR
SYSTEM
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
State the function of the Muscular System.
 To describe the structure and workings of
the muscular system.
 To identify the major muscles of the
human body.
 To describe the effects of physical activity
in the muscular system.

The muscular system is made
up of all the muscles in the
body.
FUNCTIONS OF THE
MUSCULAR SYSTEM
 Facilitate
movement of the body
when they contract and pull on
bones.
 Maintain good posture.
 Produce heat as they work, which
helps to maintain body temperature.
Types of muscles in the
body……….
Skeletal Muscles or
voluntary muscles
Cardiac Muscles
Smooth or involuntary
muscles.
These are the muscles which
are attached to bones.
They are controlled
voluntarily, i.e. you can
consciously causes them to
contract or relax
The heart is made up pf
mainly cardiac muscles.
These make up the walls of
hollow structures like the
digestive tract and blood
vessels.
You cannot consciously
cause them to contract or
relax. There movements are
involuntary.
WHAT ARE THE PARTS OF A
SKELETAL MUSCLE?
Skeletal muscles are connected to bones
by tendons. Most are connected
across two bones that form a joint.
The skeletal muscle had three main
parts:
* The point of origin
*The point of insertion
* The body of the muscle
THE POINT OF ORIGIN
This is where the end of
the muscle is attached to
the bone that remains
relatively stable during
movement of that muscle
THE POINT OF
INSERTION
This is where the other
end of the muscle is
attached to the other bone
that moves when the
muscle contracts.
This is the main part of
the muscle which
contracts and relaxes.
THE BODY OF THE
MUSCLE
What types of movements are
produced by skeletal muscles?
FLEXION
A movement that brings the
bones of a joint together.
(bending)
EXTENSION
A movement that increases
the angle between two bones
at a joint. (straightening)
ABDUCTION
A movement of a part away
from the midline of the
body.
ADDUCTION
A movement of a part
toward the midline of the
body.
ROTATION
A movement around an axis.
What are the effects of exercise on
the Muscular System.





Makes muscles stronger and more efficient.
Improves muscle tone which is the readiness of
the muscles to respond even when they are
relaxed.
Encourages good posture that enables muscles
to work efficiently and can help prevent injuries.
Increases the size of muscle hypertrophy.
Reduces the risk of atrophy which is the wasting
away of muscle due to lack of use.