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WE THE PEOPLE of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic U.S. Government Class Alyssa Shafto 26515 Evergreen Rd Amherst NE 68812 Phone: 308-627-5941 E-mail: [email protected] The United States of America’s Constitution Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. U.S. Government Summer 2013 THE CONSTITUTION THE BILL OF RIGHTS The Constitution is divided into 7 Articles that are divided into individual sections. The first 10 amendments to the Constitution are know as the Bill of Rights. It was created in response to concerns about violations by the British during the Revolution. The Bill of Rights spelled out the individual rights of U.S. citizens. Article 1 establishes the first of the three branches of the government, the Legislature. Article 2 establishes the second of the three branches of government, the Executive. Article 3 establishes the last of the three branches of government, the Judiciary. The U.S. Constitution 55 delegates from 12 of the 13 original states (Rhode Island did not send delegates) met in Philadelphia in the summer of 1787. The purpose to create a new Constitution was to replace the failing Articles of Confederation. The U.S. Constitution established America's national government and fundamental laws, and guaranteed certain basic rights for its citizens. It was signed on September 17, 1787, by delegates to the Constitutional Convention , presided over by George Washington. The new Constitution drafted a plan for a stronger federal government with three branches; executive, legislative and judicial. It also called for a system of checks and balances to ensure no single branch would have too much power. The Constitution has 7 articles and 27 Constitutional Amendments. Article 4 concerns the states and their relationship with each other and the federal government. Article 5 explains the process of amending, or changing, the Constitution. Article 6 concerns the United States itself. First, it guarantees that the United States under the Constitution would assume all debts and contracts entered into by the United States under the Articles of Confederation. Article 7 details the method for ratification, or acceptance, of the Constitution: of the original 13 states in the United States, nine had to accept the Constitution before it would officially go into effect. The First Amendment grants the freedom of religion, speech, the press, assembly, and the right to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. The Second Amendment gives citizens the right to bear arms. The Third Amendment prohibits the government from quartering troops in private homes. The Fourth Amendment protects citizens from unreasonable search and seizure. The Fifth Amendment protects people from being held for committing a crime unless they are charged, double jeopardy, self incrimination, and from property being taken without just compensation. The Sixth Amendment assures the right a fair and speedy trial. The Seventh Amendment provides that civil cases also be tried by jury. The Eighth Amendment prohibits excessive bail, excessive fines, and cruel and unusual punishments. The Ninth Amendment states that the list of rights granted in the Constitution is not complete, and that the people retain all rights not stated. The Tenth Amendment assigns all powers not delegated to the United States, or prohibited to the states, to either the states or to the people.