Download CHAPTER 32 1. What is happening inside a star that isn`t happening

 CHAPTER 32 1. What is happening inside a star that isn’t happening in a protostar? 2. According to the best scientific evidence, what is the approximate age of our solar system? 3. T/F: All planets in our solar system lie in roughly the same plane. 4. As a nebula pulls in tighter it spins (faster)/(slower). 5. How many planets are in our solar system? 6. Name each body from our solar system described below. a. Oxygen rich atmosphere and running water ____________________________ b. Thick atmosphere causing the Greenhouse Effect ____________________________ c. Located between Mars and Jupiter ____________________________ d. Red due to rusty soil ____________________________ e. Extreme temperatures due to no atmosphere and location to the sun _________________________ f. Seen as blue due to frozen methane in atmosphere and rotates top to bottom __________________ g. Largest planet in solar system ____________________________ h. Rings of ice and rock and a large moon known as Titan ____________________________ i. Downsized to a dwarf planet in 2006 ____________________________ j. Switches orbit with Pluto for several years ____________________________ 7. What does AU stand for, and what is it? 8. Why isn’t Pluto classified as a planet? 9. Is the back side of the Moon is always dark? Explain. 10. What is the best scientific explanation for how the Moon was formed? 11. What is the force that causes the collapse of a nebula? 12. What is the largest body in the solar system? 13. The moon affects Earth by causing _____________________. 14. What holds the solar system together? 15. How is the sun's energy produced? 16. Without the force of the sun's gravity, what would happen to the earth? CHAPTER 33 17. A blue star is _____ than a red star. 18. A star somewhat larger than our Sun produces more heat as it contracts. This star will then fuse _____ into heavier elements. 19. A star's color corresponds to its _____. 20. What is a white dwarf? 21. After our Sun burns its supply of hydrogen, it will become a __________________, then a ___________. 22. In stars more massive than our Sun, how quickly does hydrogen fusion occur? 23. Main sequence stars will become red giants when they run out of what fuel? 24. Describe how stars on the main sequence of the Hertzsprung-­‐Russell diagram are different than other stars. 25. What is our Sun’s expected total life span, approximately? 26. Suppose a supernova occurs in a galaxy 10,000 light years from Earth. When will the event be witnessed on Earth? 27. How can the elements in a star be identified? 28. The Hertzsprung-­‐Russell Diagram compares the temperature and _____ of stars. 29. A hotter star will be ______________ in color than a cooler star. 30. What primarily determines the life cycle of a star? 31. Given a set of known spectra, be able to identify which element(s) is/are present in a star. 32. Given a set of known spectra, be able to identify which element(s) is/are present in a star. (Yes, there will be couple of these questions!) 33. Describe how an object changes color as it is heated and starts glowing. 34. Given an H-­‐R diagram, choose which star has the highest luminosity. 35. Given an H-­‐R diagram, choose which star has the highest surface temperature. 36. Given an H-­‐R diagram, choose which star has the lowest luminosity. 37. Given an H-­‐R diagram, choose which star(s) is/are turning hydrogen into helium. 38. Why did we do the spectroscopy lab? 39. In the spectroscopy lab, what did you use to look at the light sources? 40. What object is so massive and compressed that not even light can escape it? 41. How does a star generates energy? 42. After a cloud of dust and gas collapses inward, what has to happen for a star to be “officially” born? 43. What reactions cause energy to be released in stars? 44. How will most of the stars in the Milky Way will their lives? 45. Not including the sun, how far away are the closest stars to Earth, in light-­‐years? 46. Our solar system is part of the _____________________ galaxy. 47. What force holds stars together? 48. Supergiant stars fuse _______________ into ________________, and can eventually explode as _____________. 49. The Milky Way galaxy contains interstellar matter that may form new _______________. 50. How does our sun compare to other stars? 51. The sun will eventually end up as a ______________________. 52. The peak wavelength of our sun is close to the color _________________. CHAPTER 34 53. Why is the Big Bang theory the most accepted theory of how the Universe behaved in its earliest times? 54. What does the Big Bang theory say, scientifically? 55. What is the name for the theory that about 15 billion years ago, the universe was very dense and hot and underwent rapid expansion? 56. How does the amount of hydrogen and helium found in the universe compare to the amounts predicted by the Big Bang theory? 57. What is the Cosmic Microwave Background? 58. What does the Cosmic Microwave Background have to do with the Big Bang? 59. Is the Big Bang theory still accepted by astronomers? Does it explain the expanding universe and other observations in the sky? Is it consistent with the idea that the universe is a few thousand years old? Does it explain how life came about on our planet? 60. What do we call the sum of all space, matter, and energy? 61. What do we call the steady but faint microwaves detected from all parts of the sky? 62. How can we determine the conditions of the early universe? 63. What are the 3 main pieces of evidence for the Big Bang? 64. As galaxies move away from us, the light we see from them is more _____ than if they weren’t moving. 65. As galaxies move away from us, the light waves we see coming from them are (scrunched together)(stretched out)(not affected in any way)(louder). 66. What is the apparent shift toward longer (redder) wavelengths of light when a luminous object moves away from the viewer? 67. According to the evidence we have so far, what object is located at the center of our Galaxy? 68. How does a star generate energy? 69. Is a person who understands and accepts the scientific evidence for the Big Bang automatically an atheist? Bound for hell? Extremely intelligent? Do they simply understand and accept the scientific evidence for the Big Bang? 70. What does a light-­‐year measure? 71. Suppose a supernova occurs in a galaxy 2,000 light years from Earth. When will the event be witnessed on Earth? 72. Red light has about 1.89 eV of energy. Blue light has about 2.56 eV of energy. What would you predict for the energy of orange light? 73. An electron falls from level 5 (13.25 eV) to level 2 (10.20 eV). This electron will emit _______ of energy.